UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT COUNTRY PROFILES LITHUANIA. October 2011

UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT COUNTRY PROFILES LITHUANIA October 2011

i NOTE The Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD is a global centre of excellence, dealing with issues related to investment and enterprise development in the United Nations System. It builds on three and a half decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis, intergovernmental consensus building, and provides technical assistance to developing countries. The terms country/economy as used in this investment country profile also refer, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The major country groupings used in this investment country profile follow the classification of the United Nations Statistical Office. These are: Developed countries: the member countries of the OECD (other than Chile, Mexico, the Republic of Korea and Turkey), plus the new European Union member countries which are not OECD members (Bulgaria, Cyprus, Latvia,, Malta, and Romania), plus Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco and San Marino. Transition economies: South-East Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Developing economies: in general all economies not specified above. For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include those for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) and Taiwan Province of China. Reference to companies and their activities should not be construed as an endorsement by UNCTAD of those companies or their activities. The boundaries and names shown and designations used on the maps presented in this publication do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The following symbols have been used in the tables: Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available or are not separately reported. Rows in tables have been omitted in those cases where no data are available for any of the elements in the row; A dash ( ) indicates that the item is equal to zero or its value is negligible; A blank in a table indicates that the item is not applicable, unless otherwise indicated; A slash (/) between dates representing years, e.g., 1994/95, indicates a financial year; Use of an en dash ( ) between dates representing years, e.g., 1994 1995, signifies the full period involved, including the beginning and end years; Reference to dollars ($) means United States dollars, unless otherwise indicated; Annual rates of growth or change, unless otherwise stated, refer to annual compound rates; Details and percentages in tables do not necessarily add up to totals because of rounding. Only tables shaded in the Table of Contents are available in this investment country profile. The material contained in this study may be freely quoted with appropriate acknowledgement. Exchange rates, Litas per US dollar 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Period average 1.773 4.344 3.978 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.677 3.061 2.781 2.774 2.752 2.524 2.357 2.484 2.606 End of period 3.79 3.900 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.311 2.762 2.535 2.910 2.630 2.357 2.451 2.405 2.610

ii Table of Contents Page Highlights... A. Definitions and sources of data... B. Statistics on FDI and the operations of TNCs (shaded rows show available tables)... Table 1. Summary of FDI... 3 Table 2. Summary of international production... 3 Table 3. FDI flows, by type of investment... 4 Table 4. FDI stocks, by type of investment... 5 Table 5. FDI flows in the host economy, by industry... 6 Table 6. FDI flows in the host economy, by geographical origin... 7 Table 7. FDI flows in the host economy, by industry and geographical orign... Table 8. FDI flows abroad, by industry... 8 Table 9. FDI flows abroad, by geographical destination... 9 Table 10. FDI flows abroad, by industry and geographical destination... Table 11. FDI stocks in the host economy, by industry... 10 Table 12. FDI stocks in the host economy, by geographical origin... 11 Table 13. FDI stocks in the host economy, by industry and geographical orign... Table 14. FDI stocks abroad, by industry... 12 Table 15. FDI stocks abroad, by geographical destination... 13 Table 16. FDI stocks abroad, by industry and geographical destination... Table 19. The number of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 20. The number of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... 14 Table 21. The number of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... 15 Table 22. The number of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... 16 Table 23. The number of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... 17 Table 26. Assets of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 27. Assets of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 28. Assets of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 29. Assets of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 30. Assets of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 31. Employment of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 32. Employment of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... 18 Table 33. Employment of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... 19 Table 34. Employment of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... 20 Table 35. Employment of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... 21 Table 36. Wages and salaries of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 37. Wages and salaries of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 38. Wages and salaries of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 39. Wages and salaries of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... 22 Table 40. Wages and salaries of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... 23 Table 41. Sales of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 42. Sales of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... 24 Table 43. Sales of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... 25 Table 44. Sales of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... 26 Table 45. Sales of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... 27 Table 46. Value added of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 47. Value added of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 48. Value added of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 49. Value added of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... 28 Table 50. Value added of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... 29 Table 51. Profits of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 52. Profits of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 53. Profits of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 54. Profits of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 55. Profits of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 56. Exports of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 57. Exports of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... 1 1 3

iii Table of Contents (continued) Page Table 58. Exports of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 59. Exports of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 60. Exports of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 61. Imports of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 62. Imports of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 63. Imports of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 64. Imports of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 65. Imports of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 66. R&D of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 67. R&D of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 68. R&D of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 69. R&D of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 70. R&D of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 71. Employment in R&D of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 72. Employment in R&D of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 73. Employment in R&D of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 74. Employment in R&D of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 75. Employment in R&D of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 76. Royalty receipts of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 77. Royalty receipts of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 78. Royalty receipts of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 79. Royalty receipts of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 80. Royalty receipts of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 81. Royalty payments of home-based TNCs, by industry in the home economy... Table 82. Royalty payments of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad... Table 83. Royalty payments of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by geographical location abroad... Table 84. Royalty payments of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by industry... Table 85. Royalty payments of affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy, by geographical origin... Table 86. Largest home-based TNCs... Table 87. Largest foreign affiliates of homebased TNCs... 30 Table 88. Largest affiliates of foreign TNCs in the host economy... 31

1 Highlights has attracted relatively modest foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, despite its membership in the European Union (EU). At the end of 2010, its inward FDI stock totalled 35 billion Litas (LTL) ($13.4 billion). Similarly to Latvia, but unlike Estonia, the outward FDI stock was very small (LTL 5.5 billion i.e. $2.1 billion). Before surging in 2006 as a result of the sale of the Mazeikiu Nafta refinery to PKN Orlen (Poland), FDI inflows were fluctuating in the 2000s, reflecting privatization trends. While the rise in greenfield projects and reinvested earnings kept FDI inflows above $2 billion in 2004 2008, they declined significantly (by 91 per cent) in 2009, as the country suffered from the global crisis. In 2010, FDI recovered slightly reaching LTL 1.6 billion ($629 million). Outward FDI flows have been modest and in 2010 followed a downward trend, declining to LTL 334 million ($128 million). The EU countries of Poland, Sweden, Denmark and Germany, in that order, account for the bulk of the inward FDI stock in. Investment from the two other Baltic States, Latvia and Estonia has recently grown rapidly. The lion's share of FDI outward stock is directed to EU countries, while close to one quarter is in the CIS (the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus, in that order). In 2010 the services sector, including telecommunications, real estate and finance, accounted for almost 70 per cent of the inward FDI stock of. In variation from the two other Baltic States, 29 per cent of the inward FDI stock was in manufacturing, although down from 40 per cent in 2005. The outward FDI stock is mainly in the services sector, which accounted for 85 per cent of the total in 2010. In 2009, more than 126,000 people were employed in the 2,685 foreign affiliates registered in the country; their sales reached LTL 72 billion ($28 billion) and their value added almost LTL 10 billion ($4.1). n TNCs had only 438 affiliates abroad, employing 24,614 people. A. Definitions and sources of data Data on FDI in are reported by the Bank of and the Department of Statistics of the Government of. Since regained its independence in 1990, market-oriented reforms were implemented to encourage foreign investment. The introduction of a new currency (the litas) in 1994, (which was pegged to the United States dollar and from 2002 to the euro) and the restructuring of the banking system created a stable and favourable business climate since 1995. The country joined the European Union in 2004. The n Development Agency, a non-governmental body, acts as a one-stop shop to foreign investors that provides information on investment opportunities, procedures and conditions, business and legal environment, and helps them to identify joint venture partners for project implementation. According to the Law on Investment, there is no special permit required from the authorities to invest foreign capital and there are no limitations to foreign ownership. Protection against expropriation is available, and guarantee of unrestricted transfer of invested capital and profits is provided. Foreign nationals have the right to open foreign currency accounts in any local bank. The investment of foreign-origin capital, movable or immovable assets, and intellectual or industrial property is considered as FDI. Foreign investors may be foreign persons or entities, persons without citizenship permanently living abroad, foreign states and international organizations. They must set up subsidiaries, or engage in any of the following forms of business: sole trader, partnership, public private stock company,

2 cooperative society and company. Prior to operating a business, registration has to be made with the Ministry of Economy and the business name recorded at the State Patent Bureau. The Bank of is, however, responsible for the registration of foreign banks or branches. Corporate income tax and personal income tax are at a flat rate of 15 per cent while the VAT rate is currently set at 21 per cent. Data reported by the Bank of are in accordance with the methodology set out in the Balance of Payments Manual, 5th edition, of the International Monetary Fund, and FDI definitions used by the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment. They reflect an ownership of 10 per cent or more of a foreign investor in ordinary shares, or voting rights, of an incorporated or unincorporated company. FDI comprises not only the primary investment, but also all subsequent transactions between the direct investor and the direct investment company. The components of FDI capital are equity capital (shares valued at market prices), reinvested earnings and other capital (intra-company loans). Breakdown of flow and stock data, by components, are available. Inward and outward investment data, both by geographical and industrial sector breakdown, are also available and presented in this country profile.

3 B. Statistics on FDI and the operations of TNCs Table 1. Summary of FDI (Millions of Litas and percentage) Variable Inward Outward 1. FDI flows, 2007-2010 (annual average) 2 993 794 2. FDI flows as a percentage of GFCF, 2007-2010 (annual average) 13.8 3.6 3. FDI stocks, 2010 35 100 5 459 2. FDI stocks as a percentage of GDP, 2010 37.1 5.8 Source : Based on tables 3, 4 and UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Variable Table 2. Summary of international production, 2009 (Millions of Litas and number) Homebased TNCs (Parent) Affiliates of foreign TNCs in a Foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs abroad Number.. 2 685 438 Assets...... Employees (thousands).. 126.9 24.6 Wages and salaries.. 5 701.. Sales.. 71 546 9 000 Value added.. 9 625.. Exports...... Imports...... R&D expenditures...... Based on tables 21,23,33,35,40,43,45 and 50. a Data on foreign affilitates in refer to 2008.

4 Table 3. FDI flows, by type of investment Inward investment Outward investment Reinvested Reinvested Year Equity earnings Other Total Equity earnings Other Total 1985 - - - - - - - - 1986 - - - - - - - - 1987 - - - - - - - - 1988 - - - - - - - - 1989 - - - - - - - - 1990 - - - - - - - - 1991 - - - - - - - - 1992 - - - - - - - - 1993 135.7 - - 135.7 - - - - 1994 124.7 - - 124.7 - - - - 1995 261.5 28.7-290.2 4.0 - - 4.0 1996 511.1 98.6-609.7 0.4 - - 0.4 1997 870.5 173.4 374.1 1 418.0 6.1-0.1 101.9 107.9 1998 3 088.4 399.0 214.6 3 702.0 9.1-2.2 9.8 16.7 1999 1 486.6 585.9-126.6 1 945.8 44.7-2.2-8.0 34.5 2000 725.4 353.6 436.4 1 515.5 6.7 0.9 7.2 14.8 2001 1 042.5 342.9 397.9 1 783.3 21.3-1.9 8.9 28.4 2002 1 823.1 256.1 586.6 2 665.7 45.6-1.5 17.2 61.2 2003 580.7 678.5-707.0 552.2 33.7-3.2 85.8 116.3 2004 874.7 1 137.1 139.6 2 151.3 540.5 14.3 175.9 730.6 2005 1 198.5 839.1 814.3 2 851.9 570.0 12.1 376.6 958.7 2006 2 901.0 1 859.9 239.3 5 000.2 289.2 6.4 506.0 801.6 2007 1 003.9 2 670.4 1 411.1 5 085.4 1 646.9-50.0-89.4 1 507.5 2008 1 906.1 686.2 2 226.9 4 819.2 882.5 34.8-125.0 792.3 2009 3 054.6-3 652.4 1 025.4 427.6 431.9-206.7 315.0 540.2 2010 592.1-391.6 1 440.1 1 640.6 335.3 34.8-35.7 334.4 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of. Note : Data are shown in millions of dollars prior to 1997.

5 Table 4. FDI stocks, by type of investment Inward investment Outward investment Equity & Equity & Reinvested Reinvested Year earnings Other Total earnings Other Total 1985 - - - - - - 1986 - - - - - - 1987 - - - - - - 1988 - - - - - - 1989 - - - - - - 1990 - - - - - - 1991 - - 96.8 - - - 1992 - - 106.8 - - - 1993 - - 137.0 - - - 1994 - - 321.0 - - 0.2 1995 - - 352.0 - - 1.1 1996 412.7 287.7 700.3 1.9 0.9 2.8 1997 2 667.0 1 495.5 4 162.5 14.4 89.5 103.9 1998 4 534.8 1 966.4 6 501.2 21.4 44.5 65.9 1999 6 506.5 1 745.6 8 252.1 64.4 39.4 103.8 2000 7 238.0 2 099.3 9 337.3 70.4 46.9 117.3 2001 8 278.1 2 383.8 10 661.9 105.7 85.7 191.4 2002 10 287.5 2 896.3 13 183.8 120.3 76.8 197.0 2003 11 583.9 2 115.5 13 699.4 173.1 157.4 330.5 2004 13 878.7 2 313.9 16 192.6 727.9 343.7 1 071.7 2005 20 746.8 3 149.0 23 895.8 1 428.0 670.5 2 098.6 2006 25 419.0 3 505.6 28 924.7 1 469.8 1 269.4 2 739.2 2007 29 969.8 5 534.1 35 503.9 2 532.4 1 169.5 3 701.9 2008 24 090.1 7 950.4 32 040.4 3 792.1 1 085.2 4 877.3 2009 24 857.4 8 838.5 33 695.9 4 220.1 1 337.3 5 557.4 2010 25 071.0 10 028.6 35 099.6 4 201.9 1 256.8 5 458.8 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of. Note : Data are shown in millions of dollars prior to 1997.

6 Table 5. FDI flows in the host economy, by industry, 1999 2010 Sector / industry 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total 1 945.8 1 515.5 1 783.3 2 665.7 552.2 2 151.3 2 851.9 5 000.2 5 085.4 4 819.2 427.6 1 640.6 Primary 10.4 38.8 30.9 19.0 29.0 35.5 91.6-14.6 41.8 46.8 73.5 30.5 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing - 0.6 5.5 6.9 6.7 35.4 17.8 73.6-10.0 30.8 33.9 11.9 18.8 Mining, quarrying and petroleum 11.0 33.3 24.0 12.2-6.5 17.7 18.0-4.6 10.9 12.9 61.5 11.7 Mining and quarrying 4.6 - - 3.9 2.9-1.2 1.3-11.1 0.6 3.5 7.2-4.1-2.3 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 6.5 33.3 27.9 9.4-5.3 16.4 29.1-5.2 7.4 5.7 65.6 13.9 Secondary 882.8 188.7 118.7 1 233.6 358.3 1 176.1 716.3 2 684.0 1 296.9 454.5 1 700.8 1 056.6 Food, beverages and tobacco 271.8 133.5 144.3 341.9 53.4 58.4-125.1-136.8 93.9 111.2-67.8-58.2 Textiles, clothing and leather 90.5 92.9-12.5-0.5-14.2-12.8 30.1-27.1 29.8-25.4 19.5 4.6 Wood and wood products 13.7 29.5 19.6 44.2 87.2 33.4 57.1 128.7 69.4 38.6 84.2 4.6 Coke, petroleum products and nuclear fuel 311.7-72.8-90.0 742.1-40.2 389.8 314.9 2 277.2 437.5-76.0 1 569.1 611.4 Chemicals and chemical products 70.2 32.4 20.2 27.7 22.9 50.6 203.9 185.2 351.4 223.6 203.0 380.2 Rubber and plastic products 4.5 5.1 22.2-3.5 8.1 460.1 119.3 54.7 52.9 24.0-41.9-3.9 Metal and metal products - 2.6 10.0 17.7 5.8 22.1 19.7 0.5 18.0 24.7 33.5-7.7 7.3 Machinery and equipment 4.0 1.1-2.0-0.6 16.6 16.9 7.4 64.2 33.3-3.2-65.1 21.3 Electrical and electronic equipment 3.7 17.9 21.2 22.8 27.4 26.8-40.9 3.3 29.7 6.8-4.6-55.1 Office, accounting and computing machinery 0.0-0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.2 2.8 0.8 0.1-3.0 6.9 Radio, television and communication apparatus 3.7 17.9 20.9 22.6 27.2 25.9-41.1 0.5 28.9 6.7-1.6-62.0 Precision instruments - - - - - 6.8 2.1 15.4 15.7 3.1 8.6 18.2 13.7 Motor vehicles and other transport equipment 51.1-30.1-12.4 1.5 86.7 19.1 25.8 18.9 38.5 52.2 49.4 83.7 Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers - 8.3 2.3-3.4 6.4-0.6 11.4 17.4 26.3 15.6-33.5 40.3 Other transport equipment 51.1-38.4-14.7 4.9 80.3 19.6 14.4 1.5 12.2 36.6 82.9 43.4 Other manufacturing 64.3-30.7-9.7 52.2 95.2 112.0 107.9 82.0 132.7 60.6-55.5 47.1 Tertiary 1 052.6 1 288.0 1 633.6 1 413.1 164.1 938.4 2 043.1 2 330.7 3 543.4 4 182.2-1 429.6 469.3 Electricity, gas and water - 0.1 44.6 36.6 226.5 119.1 261.4 1 054.3 60.5 219.4 211.3 163.0 337.5 Construction 9.1 7.1 5.0 35.9 31.4 53.0 40.3 151.9 21.9 65.7-58.0-3.5 Trade 315.5 126.6 105.7 156.8 109.1 246.4 53.8 408.7 719.2 713.8-297.0 209.0 Hotels and restaurants 7.9 25.3 3.5-4.9 10.2-19.6 9.8-19.8 80.6 25.5-72.4-32.4 Transport, storage and communications 300.8 13.4 530.2 207.1 136.5 42.4 62.9 267.4 354.0 534.9-228.3 155.7 Transport and storage 7.5-6.7 317.1-3.3 45.9 46.2 1.9 50.2 183.6-56.4 206.3 189.9 Land transport 7.5-6.8-3.4 4.0 8.3 12.2 3.5 21.5 8.5-1.4-9.7-9.3 Water transport - 0.1 320.4-7.6 27.5 18.1-23.0 6.9 63.3-136.3 165.4 149.9 Air transport - - - 0.3 0.3 0.6-1.1-2.1 7.7-10.3-4.0 12.4 Supporting and auxilary transport activities - - - - 9.7 15.3 22.4 23.8 104.1 91.6 54.6 36.9 Post and communications 280.7 40.6 206.8 197.2 90.6-3.8 60.9 217.3 170.4 591.3-434.6-34.2 Post and courier activities - - - - - 0.2 1.7 4.9 13.7 6.7-7.2-4.0 0.8 Telecommunications 280.7 40.6 206.8 197.2 90.8-5.5 56.0 203.5 163.8 598.5-430.5-35.0 Finance 303.6 870.4 637.1 600.6-310.5 205.0 625.3 762.1 1 517.1 1 755.4-1 522.5-263.1 Financial Intermediation 162.4 824.1 626.8 565.1-342.6 199.0 573.8 718.0 1 359.3 1 678.2-1 589.5-218.4 Monetary intermediation 149.2 562.1 544.1 251.5 242.7 221.1 503.9 546.0 1 374.0 1 478.9-1 840.4-118.2 Other financial intermediation 13.2 262.0 82.7 313.6-585.4-22.1 69.9 172.0-14.7 199.4 250.9-100.2 Insurance and Pension Funding 141.2 46.4 10.4 32.3 26.3-0.2 48.0 44.3 157.9 79.0 63.8-45.5 Activities Auxiliary to Financial Intermediation - - - 0.5 5.9 6.2 3.5-0.2-0.1-1.9 3.2 0.9 Business activities 94.6 185.1 300.5 123.8 69.7 196.3 172.5 685.1 566.0 857.0 660.5 64.9 Real estate 46.5 88.7 211.8 92.4 12.8 142.8 51.3 581.8 421.5 474.4 580.1 5.8 Rental Activities - - - - 22.2-15.7 17.9 69.8 88.4 28.5-79.6-112.8 Computer and related activities 5.3 5.4 4.5 10.6 38.4 3.5-4.7 14.3 17.3 1.5-49.7 26.8 Research and development 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.8 9.6 6.1 5.6 9.9 10.3-13.0 Other business activities 42.5 90.8 84.2 18.6-4.5 63.9 98.4 13.1 33.2 342.7 199.4 158.1 Other services 21.3 15.5 15.0 67.3-1.4-46.5 24.2 14.8 65.3 18.8-75.0 1.2 Private buying and selling of property - - - - 0.9 1.3 1.0-203.2 135.6 83.0 84.2 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

7 Table 6. FDI flows in the host economy, by geographical origin, 1999 2010 Region / economy 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total world 1 945.8 1 515.5 1 783.3 2 665.7 552.2 2 151.3 2 851.9 5 000.2 5 085.4 4 819.2 427.6 1 640.6 Developed countries 1 885.7 1 530.8 1 597.9 2 077.2 424.2 1 531.5 1 774.8 8 638.8 4 137.4 4 014.3 66.4 1 025.3 Europe 1 721.5 1 587.6 1 620.9 1 731.2 353.6 1 668.2 2 072.7 8 587.0 4 196.0 3 833.0-219.6 1 277.4 European Union 1 283.4 1 375.7 1 635.3 1 640.8 273.0 1 566.8 1 994.1 8 223.5 3 681.4 3 656.3-319.6 1 447.4 Austria 7.8-11.6-8.7-3.9 8.7 455.7 122.2-353.4 63.0 10.2 24.6-50.4 Belgium - 1.4 31.6 23.6 17.6 4.2-11.3-16.7 13.0 32.3 57.1 45.3-3.0 Bulgaria - 2.7-1.5-0.1 0.1 - - 2.0 0.7 0.8-2.3-4.8-9.8 0.1 Cyprus 10.6-2.9-18.3 93.1 22.6 47.3-188.7 519.0 134.7 60.7-135.0 166.2 Czech Republic - 13.6 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.1 7.4 18.4 1.8 4.8 5.8-14.7-3.5 Denmark 372.4 228.7 407.8 317.2 77.5 125.7 500.8 409.2-856.9 355.5-731.7-62.4 Estonia 63.8 231.8 453.2 381.9-310.2 158.9 269.1 124.8 314.4 782.4-249.9 267.5 Finland 183.4 110.5 52.3 171.6 359.4 114.7 246.2 373.8-107.4-148.1-323.8 193.7 France 14.6 24.1 3.1 61.8-10.5 82.3 70.8 14.8 108.1 253.6-23.1 106.4 Germany 107.3 2.8 304.4 303.0 60.7 201.7 418.0 224.4 212.8 640.1 203.8 355.0 Hungary - 0.4 0.4 5.9 1.2 6.3 6.0-0.4 1.6-0.8 4.0 36.2-1.5 Ireland 39.5-75.3-1.9-18.2 8.9 25.9 23.4 10.4 82.2-28.3-8.6-39.9 Italy - 44.7 3.3 18.1 24.0 6.3-4.3 11.1-2.0-25.1-8.2 19.9-13.9 Latvia 13.3 39.1 17.7 81.7 28.6-38.8 97.6 87.8 1 137.2 204.5-271.3-177.7 Luxembourg - 5.7 2.3-53.8-108.3 42.2-57.3 54.5 306.1 71.1 250.2-113.3 46.7 Malta - - 0.1 0.2 - - - 139.0 6.4 34.5 105.6 368.6 53.9 Netherlands 46.5 22.8 89.5-60.5 55.1 97.6 85.6 26.9 736.9-412.3 484.1 301.4 Poland 35.9 50.2 6.5-7.7 0.2 28.6 70.4 6 135.0 594.1 118.6 1 654.1 533.9 Slovakia - 2.5 0.1 4.4 0.1 0.5-1.3 0.3 0.0 8.9 0.9 14.9-26.4 Spain - 0.1 3.2-14.1 14.9 0.0-0.6-0.8 13.1 31.3 41.5 1.5-2.6 Sweden 308.5 656.2 281.2 321.0-51.1 383.4 174.1 332.4 912.9 1 330.3-1 313.4-97.5 United Kingdom 140.6 57.4 74.7 50.5-37.2-54.9-99.3-24.0 193.0 40.1 42.6-77.1 Other developed Europe 438.1 211.9-14.4 90.3 80.6 101.4 78.6 363.5 514.7 176.7 100.1-170.1 Iceland - 1.4 1.2 11.1-5.9 2.2 19.1 18.9 18.0 100.3-84.7 12.8-20.1 Norway 77.7 91.6 22.4 11.2 61.1 43.0 37.2 259.4 365.9 174.4 11.7-84.4 Switzerland 354.7 88.9-22.4 67.0 1.2 46.8 20.9 95.1 4.8 131.6 49.1-82.3 North America 164.9-57.8-25.6 344.8 70.7-140.7-308.3 49.4-70.9 177.1 280.2-252.3 Canada 2.9 11.0-5.2 26.8 16.0 32.4 6.6-4.7 10.1 20.8 27.7 35.3 United States 162.0-68.8-20.4 317.9 54.7-173.1-314.9 54.2-81.1 156.3 252.5-287.6 Other developed countries - 0.6 1.0 2.6 1.3-0.1 3.9 10.5 2.4 12.2 4.2 5.8 0.2 Australia - 0.3-0.1-1.0 - - 0.9 - - - - 1.7 0.4-1.7-4.3 Bermuda - 0.1 - - - - 0.1-5.2-0.8-0.8 0.3 0.1 Israel 0.2 0.9 3.8 1.3 0.7 4.0 9.1 3.3 10.1 1.3 8.9 5.1 Japan - 0.5 - - 0.3-0.2-2.0-0.1-0.3 0.1 0.4 0.5 Developing economies 37.7 45.0 128.0 47.4 17.3 24.4 35.2 87.8 78.9 299.0 327.8 34.7 Africa 1.5-1.8 0.4 0.2 1.2 4.5 0.7-4.8-1.0 2.7 54.0 22.3 Latin America and the Caribbean 4.9 30.2 135.8 55.8 7.1 28.6-14.2 89.0 32.3 111.6 186.7-153.8 South and Central America 4.3 22.4-7.1 8.6-5.2 3.7-1.0 3.0 6.5 10.3 1.9-3.1 Brazil - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.9 - - - Mexico - - - - - 2.5 1.2 1.8-2.0 9.2 4.2-13.1 Panama 4.2 22.4-7.3 0.7-4.3 1.2-2.2 1.3 8.5 1.2-2.3 7.7 Caribbean 0.5 7.9 142.9 47.2 12.3 24.9-13.2 86.1 25.8 101.3 184.8-150.7 British Virgin Islands 0.4 7.9 143.2 40.7 12.3 22.8-19.7 14.3 23.1 108.6-124.6-6.9 Cayman Islands 0.1 - - - - 2.1 6.3 70.3 2.8-8.9 5.3-0.6 Asia 30.9 15.0-6.0 1.7 1.2-8.1 46.8 3.1 45.8 180.1 87.1 166.2 West Asia - 0.9 6.4 5.6 3.3 8.8 4.1-14.2-0.5-0.4-10.6-2.8-1.0 Saudi Arabia 0.3-0.4 0.1 0.5-1.6-1.1 2.4-0.1-0.3-10.8-0.1-0.1 Turkey 0.1 7.8 6.0 2.6 10.7 4.3-16.2-0.3-0.7-0.6-2.7-0.3 South, East and South-East Asia 31.9 8.6-11.7-1.6-7.7-12.2 61.0 3.6 46.2 190.7 89.8 167.2 China - 5.5 0.1 0.3 3.6-3.2-0.3 1.2-0.7-0.8-0.5 1.0 0.7 India - - 0.1 0.1-0.2 - - 1.6 1.0 1.0-2.7-0.0 0.5 Oceania 0.4 1.6-2.2-10.3 7.8-0.7 1.8 0.5 1.8 4.6 - - South-East Europe and CIS 6.3-39.0 60.2 540.8 145.5 597.9 1 057.5-3 733.6 858.4 523.9 34.9 568.2 South-East Europe - - 0.8 3.0-0.6-0.6 0.2 0.1-1.2-0.0 4.0 Bosnia and Herzegovina - - 0.8 2.2-0.6-1.5 - - - 1.2-3.3 CIS 6.3-39.0 59.4 537.8 146.1 598.0 1 056.8-3 733.7 858.3 525.1 34.9 564.3 Russian Federation - 0.3-26.1 62.5 537.0 129.7 578.9 1 066.5-3 750.9 793.0 510.1 22.5 548.2 Unspecified 16.1-21.3-2.7 0.3-34.8-2.5-15.5 7.2 10.8-18.1-1.5 12.3 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

8 Table 8. FDI flows abroad, by industry, 1999 2010 Sector / industry 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total 34.5 14.8 28.4 61.2 116.3 730.6 958.7 801.6 1 507.5 792.3 540.2 334.4 Primary 0.5-0.4 0.6-4.0-2.5 1.8 0.6 0.3-0.6 0.0 - Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 0.5-0.4 0.6-4.0-2.5 1.8 0.6 0.3-0.6 0.0 - Secondary 41.8-7.6 3.7 21.2 46.7 94.2 57.0 242.3 88.4 69.4-85.8 6.1 Food, beverages and tobacco 22.1-8.1 3.5 16.4 7.3 30.3 60.6 5.0 70.5 18.0-42.2 0.5 Textiles, clothing and leather 0.1 0.2 0.4-1.3 1.5 3.4-1.3 2.5 6.6 10.9 0.7 6.2 Wood and wood products - 0.0-0.5-0.1 0.3 - - 1.5 2.4 4.0 4.1 1.8-1.2 6.6 Coke, petroleum products and nuclear fuel 7.1-0.3-0.1 - - - - - - - - - Chemicals and chemical products 7.3-0.7-1.0-0.7-2.2 3.8 25.7 223.7 12.5-20.2-22.7-35.7 Rubber and plastic products - - - - 17.0 5.8-28.5-3.5 5.1 7.9-0.5 35.1 Metal and metal products - - - - 0.3 0.9 0.1 3.4 3.4 22.8-4.9 6.9 Machinery and equipment 4.7 5.0 0.6-4.2 19.4 48.8-4.7 13.3-8.7 24.7-14.9-4.5 Electrical and electronic equipment - - - 10.1-5.2 - - - - 0.6 1.9-1.9 Precision instruments - - - - 5.7-0.7 0.1-4.4-0.3 1.1-1.6 0.7 Other manufacturing 0.4-3.2 0.3 0.6 3.2 3.4 2.6-1.6-4.7 1.9-0.3-8.3 Tertiary - 7.8 22.8 24.1 44.1 55.0 634.0 899.9 544.6 1 254.3 715.5 626.0 328.3 Electricity, gas and water - - 5.1 - - - 0.4 19.1-1.5 1.6 1.0 - - Construction - 0.2 1.4 0.6 6.8-1.6 7.6 1.9 11.7 17.1-14.2-8.7 2.7 Trade - 7.9 18.3 10.3 22.2-8.0 511.5 177.1 247.2-1 046.7 140.7 210.8 25.8 Hotels and restaurants - - - - - - 27.6-1.3 5.9-7.4 5.7-3.2 Transport, storage and communications - - 0.6 0.8 0.7 47.8 34.5 100.0 149.2-77.8 71.3 67.3 90.2 Transport and storage - 0.1 0.6 0.2 47.8 34.5 8.3 62.0 10.3 4.8 60.1 138.6 Land transport - 0.1-0.2-0.1 0.1 0.0 1.2 2.5 6.7 10.9 0.0-11.0 Water transport - - 0.9 0.4 46.1 34.3 1.9 59.4-0.0-0.9 58.6 147.0 Supporting and auxilary transport activities - - - - 1.7 0.2 5.2 0.0 3.7-5.2 1.4 2.6 Post and communications - - - - - - 91.7 87.2-88.1 66.5 7.2-48.4 Telecommunications - - - - - - 91.7 87.2-88.1 66.5 7.2-48.4 Finance - 4.3 4.3 10.6 5.1 19.3 307.8 35.6 198.0 288.7-69.7 81.0 Financial Intermediation - 4.4 4.3 10.6 5.1 19.3 307.5 34.3 197.8 288.8-69.6 81.0 Monetary intermediation - 4.4-0.6-2.4 - - 82.5-35.2 16.8 0.7 7.3 47.5 Other financial intermediation - - 4.9 13.0 5.1 19.3 225.0 69.5 181.0 288.1-76.8 33.5 Activities Auxiliary to Financial Intermediation - - - - - 0.1 0.3 1.3 0.2-0.1-0.2 - Business activities 0.3-0.6 3.0 3.8 11.7 61.5 266.4 102.7 2 103.3 284.9 416.3 132.5 Real estate - - 0.3 0.5 1.8 2.8 0.1 282.4 95.1 366.5 236.5 334.0-213.4 Rental Activities - - - - - 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.3 1.8 0.9 0.4 Computer and related activities - 0.2-0.3-0.9-0.7 1.1 1.3 4.4-1.1 2.1-2.6-3.0-4.1 Other business activities 0.5 0.0 3.4 2.7 7.7 59.9-20.6 8.1 1 733.4 49.1 84.4 349.0 Other services - - - - - - - 1.0 53.1-49.5 4.3-0.8 Private buying and selling of property - - - - 14.7 - - 14.2 164.5 8.0 - - Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

9 Table 9. FDI flows abroad, by geographical destination, 1999 2010 Region / economy 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total world 34.5 14.8 28.4 61.2 116.3 730.6 958.7 801.6 1 507.5 792.3 540.2 334.4 Developed countries 39.0 10.5 20.0 14.8 47.1 616.8 624.3 644.8 1 289.8 652.3 511.2 194.3 Europe 37.4 11.4 18.3 12.9 49.5 616.3 629.5 644.7 1 285.4 656.6 511.0 194.4 European Union 37.4 11.4 18.3 12.9 49.5 616.3 519.8 644.4 1 276.9 661.4 520.6 290.7 Austria - - - 1.4 - - - 0.1-0.2-0.4-0.4-0.0 Belgium - - 0.2-1.8 8.8-0.2-1.4 2.0-17.0 16.6 0.3 Bulgaria - - - 0.2-0.1 34.5 16.1-15.4-24.8-35.7-4.8 Cyprus - - 0.3-0.6-45.8 34.6 1.3 61.2 16.7 121.5 86.0 188.2 Czech Republic - - 0.2 0.7 0.6 1.7-35.9 2.4-5.0-0.6 5.1 0.7 Denmark 0.1-0.4 - - 0.1 - - 0.1-0.1 32.4-1.3 78.8 72.3-15.4 Estonia 23.3 8.4 10.5 4.0-13.1 20.7 62.2 43.3 56.3 26.7-185.0 18.8 Finland - - 0.4 - - 0.1-3.5-3.5-1.0 3.9-0.8 France - 0.4-0.6-1.1-10.1-0.3 5.4 0.7 5.9-10.2-0.1 Germany 1.6 3.8-0.9-1.2 5.3 2.2 0.9 5.2-4.5 5.1 9.4 37.7 Hungary 0.1-0.4 - - 1.0 - - - - - 0.1 1.5 1.2 Ireland - 5.8-0.1-0.2 - - - - - - 1.5-1.5 0.0 Italy 2.5-2.3 0.5 0.7-0.2-0.4 - - - 0.4 0.0-0.4 - Latvia 14.1 3.8 6.6 6.0 0.3 541.1 283.2 165.3 942.0 12.3-15.5-58.9 Netherlands - 0.5 0.1-5.0-0.1 0.1-4.7 132.3 375.3 605.9 117.4 Poland 1.8-1.4 1.5 0.9-1.2 6.5 45.8 241.8 16.2 61.1-105.4-12.6 Portugal - - - - - - - 5.9-0.4 7.7 1.2-1.4 Romania 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.5 0.7 57.5 31.9-22.7-19.0 53.5 0.6 Slovakia - - 0.2 0.1-3.5-28.4-2.8 0.6 0.4-1.1-22.0 Slovenia - - - - - - - - - 0.0-0.0 - Spain - - - - - - - - 1.2-3.7 2.9 0.4 Sweden - - 0.5 0.1-0.7-0.2 0.7-0.2 0.1 0.2 1.0 United Kingdom - - - 0.0 0.6 0.6 44.2 51.7 150.7 35.2 18.6 36.8 Other developed Europe - - - - - - 109.7 0.2 8.5-4.8-9.6-96.3 Iceland - - - - - - - 0.2-0.2 - - Norway - - - - - - 109.7 0.1 8.5 - - 14.5-96.3 Switzerland - - - - - - - - - - 4.9 4.9 - North America 1.6-0.9 1.7 1.9-2.4 0.5-5.2 0.1 4.4-4.6 0.4-0.1 Canada 1.6-0.9 1.7 1.9-2.4 0.5-5.2 0.1 4.4-4.6 0.4-0.1 Developing economies - - - 3.9 1.3-3.9-1.7 - - 0.6 1.9 4.1 Latin America and the Caribbean - - - 3.9 1.3-3.9-1.7 - - - - - South America - - - - 1.3 - - 1.1 - - - - - Argentina - - - - 1.3 - - 1.1 - - - - - Central America - - - 3.9 - - 3.9-0.6 - - - - - Panama - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - Asia - - - - - - - - - 0.6 1.9 4.1 South, East and South-East Asia - - - - - - - - - 0.6 1.9 3.7 China - - - - - - - - - 0.6 1.9 3.7 South-East Europe and CIS - 4.5 4.3 8.4 42.6 67.9 117.8 336.2 156.8 217.7 139.4 27.1 136.1 South-East Europe - 4.4 4.3 13.3 8.9 17.8 12.2 39.6 77.4 16.7-42.0 109.7 Bosnia and Herzegovina - 4.4 4.1 13.3 9.2 17.8 5.7 0.4 1.5-0.2-32.7 118.7 Croatia - - 0.2 - - 0.3-6.2 3.5-4.5-4.2-0.7 - Serbia - - - - - - - 35.6 80.3 21.1-8.6-9.0 CIS - 4.5-0.2 4.1 29.3 59.0 100.0 323.9 117.3 140.4 122.8 69.1 26.4 Belarus - 6.8 4.3 0.1 8.5 3.0 3.3 6.6 9.9 16.5 15.8 14.8 62.0 Kazakhstan - - - 0.8-1.6 0.3 0.7-0.7-1.0 0.6-0.9 Kyrgyzstan 0.1 0.4 - - 0.1-0.4 - - - - - - - Moldova, Republic of - - - - - - 0.4-0.4-0.3-0.1 0.1 Russian Federation - 5.9-9.4 2.2 20.8 50.9 83.9 121.3 100.2 22.9 140.3-51.9-46.2 Tajikistan - - 3.7-2.9-0.5 - - - - - - - Turkmenistan 2.3 2.9-2.4-0.6-2.3 - - - - - - - Ukraine 3.5 0.5 1.5 3.2 9.0 12.3 195.5 6.8 101.6-32.7 70.8 7.0 Uzbekistan 2.2 1.1-1.1-0.4-1.8 - - 0.1 - - - 0.2 - Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

10 Table 11. FDI stocks in the host economy, by industry, 1999 2010 Sector / industry 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total 8 252 9 337 10 662 13 184 13 699 16 193 23 896 28 925 35 504 32 040 33 696 35 100 Primary 121 145 175 184 227 268 328 327 383 457 456 487 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 42 45 51 61 112 128 168 170 196 269 279 306 Mining, quarrying and petroleum 79 100 124 123 115 140 160 156 187 188 177 180 Mining and quarrying 5 - - 40 39 54 44 45 68 70 66 70 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 74 100 124 83 77 86 116 112 119 119 111 110 Secondary 2 625 2 686 2 729 3 864 4 260 5 503 9 458 11 510 12 586 7 328 9 242 10 117 Food, beverages and tobacco 974 1 077 1 157 1 481 1 602 1 670 1 619 1 434 1 523 1 554 1 513 1 411 Textiles, clothing and leather 355 434 430 408 404 359 481 433 450 403 395 374 Wood and wood products 190 233 245 284 350 379 411 528 589 621 743 650 Coke, petroleum products and nuclear fuel 57-7 - 99 611 548 938 3 617 6 094 5 641 1 273 2 864 3 512 Chemicals and chemical products 246 178 192 211 232 390 1 203 1 293 2 471 1 413 1 889 2 473 Rubber and plastic products 97 107 108 103 118 567 688 241 293 309 284 313 Metal and metal products 35 46 64 74 82 97 103 123 136 178 147 140 Machinery and equipment 33 29 35 33 52 73 280 228 176 84 77 101 Electrical and electronic equipment 112 129 142 162 181 220 94 36 76 84 81 59 Office, accounting and computing machinery 1 1 1-1 4 4 7 8 7 4 44 Radio, television and communication apparatus 111 129 141 162 180 216 90 29 68 78 77 14 Precision instruments - - - - 50 57 71 87 89 69 95 108 Motor vehicles and other transport equipment 225 192 151 149 243 261 292 323 338 383 466 307 Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers - 9 11 14 21 22 36 56 82 92 67 69 Other transport equipment 225 183 141 135 222 239 257 267 256 291 398 238 Other manufacturing 302 266 304 348 399 493 599 690 804 959 689 670 Tertiary 5 506 6 506 7 759 9 136 9 209 10 417 14 105 17 082 21 637 23 188 23 319 23 808 Electricity, gas and water 0 238 272 479 605 1 199 2 994 3 049 3 206 2 354 2 660 3 019 Construction 58 70 69 142 159 194 283 475 549 632 627 541 Trade 2 024 2 121 2 178 2 283 2 454 2 584 2 637 3 085 3 981 4 471 4 479 4 538 Hotels and restaurants 209 214 226 197 225 195 212 202 263 307 244 212 Transport, storage and communications 1 681 1 751 1 999 2 253 2 344 2 320 3 269 3 130 4 443 4 541 4 720 5 162 Transport and storage 63 34 356 334 452 493 342 335 682 569 742 871 Land transport 62 33 25 38 48 56 58 80 94 119 126 113 Water transport 1 0 330 296 322 329 140 88 326 189 329 438 Air transport - - - - 1 1 10 14 17 12 7 8 Supporting and auxilary transport activities - - - - 81 108 134 153 246 250 280 312 Post and communications 1 464 1 588 1 570 1 831 1 893 1 827 2 926 2 795 3 761 3 972 3 978 4 291 Post and courier activities - - - - 4 8 15 29 34 16 12 13 Telecommunications 1 464 1 588 1 570 1 831 1 889 1 820 2 911 2 766 3 727 3 956 3 966 4 279 Finance 1 127 1 514 2 121 2 643 2 156 2 338 2 944 4 604 5 946 5 338 4 922 4 410 Financial Intermediation 830 1 325 1 888 2 353 1 828 1 996 2 552 4 165 5 355 4 672 4 330 3 861 Monetary intermediation 794 842 1 321 1 518 1 733 1 932 2 412 3 856 5 042 4 212 3 632 3 433 Other financial intermediation 36 484 567 836 94 63 140 309 313 460 698 428 Insurance and Pension Funding 296 189 233 281 309 315 367 410 560 635 559 512 Activities Auxiliary to Financial Intermediation - - - 2 19 27 25 28 31 31 33 37 Business activities 318 489 759 936 1 004 1 377 1 525 2 265 2 901 5 151 5 363 5 646 Real estate 139 252 455 558 629 912 932 1 583 2 047 3 813 3 968 4 223 Rental Activities - - - - 89 56 67 130 224 316 261 135 Computer and related activities 18 22 31 51 86 92 82 103 120 122 128 115 Research and development 1 1 1 3 3 5 13 19 24 52 65 10 Other business activities 161 214 272 267 197 312 430 431 487 848 941 1 164 Other services 90 109 135 203 262 209 240 271 347 394 304 279 Private buying and selling of property - - - - 4 5 6 6 898 1 066 678 688 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

11 Table 12. FDI stocks in the host economy, by geographical origin, 1999 2010 Region / economy 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total world 8 252 9 337 10 662 13 184 13 699 16 193 23 896 28 925 35 504 32 040 33 696 35 100 Developed countries 7 857 8 932 10 108 12 106 12 681 14 537 17 761 26 728 31 314 29 499 30 382 31 005 Europe 6 704 7 952 9 167 10 876 11 411 13 361 16 944 25 878 30 427 28 360 29 248 30 118 European Union 5 875 7 000 8 337 10 020 10 477 12 351 15 797 24 295 28 321 26 068 26 558 27 330 Austria 58 63 46 42 49 506 518 131 194 218 246 189 Belgium 34 68 113 63 67 56 43 55 80 142 202 190 Cyprus 61 57 33 123 166 280 205 702 825 973 845 1 014 Czech Republic 13 12 13 14 15 23 47 47 56 64 52 47 Denmark 801 1 704 1 983 2 262 2 374 2 466 3 792 4 396 4 491 2 756 3 357 3 701 Estonia 342 597 1 071 1 547 1 151 1 239 1 777 1 713 2 030 2 743 2 498 2 265 Finland 872 563 619 815 1 173 1 256 1 526 1 933 1 811 1 768 1 594 1 602 France 98 104 105 167 155 211 267 282 464 711 754 844 Germany 632 689 985 1 264 1 335 1 839 2 552 2 792 3 040 3 176 3 446 3 569 Hungary 2 2 9 4 10 16 16 18 15 16 51 31 Ireland 231 110 74 28 32 54 92 107 267 249 295 171 Italy 27 22 46 76 86 75 111 102 96 86 68 51 Latvia 71 109 132 196 212 181 301 412 1 633 1 968 1 421 1 328 Luxembourg 295 317 269 155 201 142 232 790 634 792 713 860 Malta 0-0 0 0-140 144 174 299 666 703 Netherlands 117 107 194 240 468 704 705 711 1 496 2 116 2 311 2 498 Poland 163 205 229 283 278 290 393 6 493 6 259 1 922 3 561 4 088 Slovakia 7 7 11 11 12 10 9 17 26 26 35 20 Sweden 1 444 1 618 1 721 2 016 2 010 2 435 2 644 3 040 4 057 5 319 3 942 3 870 United Kingdom 589 624 690 709 679 562 426 393 621 667 514 340 Other developed Europe 829 952 829 856 934 1 010 1 148 1 583 2 106 2 292 2 690 2 788 Iceland 27 15 27 15 16 23 41 125 234 159 195 175 Norway 315 397 399 389 421 461 489 766 1 098 1 249 1 242 1 162 Switzerland 456 452 343 374 392 427 414 496 537 694 861 873 North America 1 150 976 935 1 227 1 258 1 161 789 820 804 985 1 063 820 Canada 46 58 53 85 95 127 135 119 127 148 172 217 United States 1 103 918 883 1 142 1 162 1 034 654 702 677 837 891 603 Other developed countries 3 4 6 3 12 14 27 30 82 154 72 67 Israel 2 2 6 3 5 9 19 23 64 132 56 57 Japan 0 0 - - 0 0 2 2 3 3 3 3 New Zealand - - - - - - 6 5 10 12 11 9 Developing economies 134 205 314 319 170 221 176 228 412 605 915 909 Africa 2 0 1 0 4 8 8 4 3 4 84 142 Latin America and the Caribbean 36 67 187 233 73 127 50 112 224 236 400 194 South and Central America 27 49 17 23 18 19 14 16 25 35 60 53 Belize 0 0 0 7 6 6 - - 2 2 3 5 Mexico - - - - - 1 2 3 1 11 15 2 Panama 27 49 17 16 12 12 12 13 19 21 42 46 Caribbean 9 18 171 210 55 108 36 96 200 200 339 141 British Virgin Islands 8 17 170 203 54 106 41 23 38 154 39 32 Asia and Oceania 96 139 126 86 94 86 118 112 184 364 431 572 Asia 96 122 112 86 90 82 112 106 175 351 429 571 West Asia 40 56 59 52 64 68 35 20 24 14 9 7 Saudi Arabia 11 19 18 9 12 10 17 16 19 8 7 7 Turkey 29 36 41 42 52 57 17 3 4 4 0-1 United Arab Emirates - 0 0 0 0 1 0 - - 1 0 0 South, East and South-East Asia 55 66 53 35 25 14 78 86 151 338 421 564 China 10 11 11 14 11 7 8 9 12 7 8 9 India - - 0 0-0 2 2 4 1 1 2 Korea, Republic of 8 6 4 4 1 1 1 9 54 54 55 1 Thailand 0 0 - - - - 62 62 80 274 356 554 Oceania 0 16 14-4 4 6 6 9 13 1 1 South-East Europe and CIS 154 117 186 706 831 1 421 5 935 1 864 3 640 1 882 2 335 3 102 South-East Europe 0-1 4 4 4 4 5 2 0 0 4 CIS 153 117 186 703 828 1 417 5 931 1 860 3 639 1 881 2 335 3 098 Belarus 9 4 3 2 6 18 21 26 128 147 124 127 Russian Federation 114 94 167 687 796 1 366 5 880 1 804 3 467 1 682 2 150 2 912 Ukraine 22 11 8 6 7 12 7 8 17 18 25 32 Unspecified 107 83 53 52 17 14 25 103 138 55 64 84 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

12 Table 14. FDI stocks abroad, by industry, 1999 2010 Sector / industry 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total 103.8 117.3 191.4 197.0 330.5 1 071.7 2 098.6 2 739.2 3 701.9 4 877.3 5 557.4 5 458.8 Primary 3.8 3.4 4.0 - - 2.5 4.3 5.7 6.0 5.4 5.5 4.9 Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 3.8 3.4 4.0 - - 2.5 4.3 5.7 6.0 5.4 5.5 4.9 Mining, quarrying and petroleum - - - - - - - - - - - - Secondary 68.9 58.5 61.9 81.8 159.6 265.7 357.0 650.4 752.4 795.0 708.5 653.2 Food, beverages and tobacco 33.9 22.8 26.7 41.5 46.9 77.5 138.2 135.0 200.4 189.4 152.0 96.8 Textiles, clothing and leather 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.4 1.6 5.2 6.5 10.5 21.8 31.2 31.4 35.5 Wood and wood products 0.7 0.4-0.3 0.1 8.0 4.3 6.3 10.1 13.1 12.7 16.0 29.9 Publishing and printing - - - - - - - - - - - - Coke, petroleum products and nuclear fuel 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.1 - - - - - - - Chemicals and chemical products 14.8 14.1 13.1 12.4 10.2 11.6 38.1 313.6 344.7 324.2 324.6 288.6 Rubber and plastic products - - - - 38.0 34.7 35.3 31.9 37.0 54.1 67.0 102.7 Non-metallic mineral products - - - - - - - - - - - - Metal and metal products 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.2 1.4 4.8 8.4 34.0 29.0 35.7 Machinery and equipment 6.6 11.7 12.2 8.1 27.1 108.0 103.9 117.2 106.9 123.7 58.6 47.3 Electrical and electronic equipment 0.1 - - 10.1 5.3 - - - - 1.6 2.9 1.6 Office, accounting and computing machinery - - - - - - - - - 0.3 0.3 0.3 Radio, television and communication apparatus 0.1 - - 10.1 5.3 - - - - 1.2 2.6 1.2 Precision instruments - - - - 6.5 6.1 6.2 1.6 1.3 2.4 0.8 1.2 Motor vehicles and other transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 0.5 Other transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - 0.0 0.5 Other manufacturing 4.3 1.2 1.5 2.1 8.8 17.2 21.1 25.7 18.7 21.8 26.2 13.2 Tertiary 31.1 55.4 125.6 115.2 156.2 788.8 1 722.6 2 054.3 2 750.2 3 875.5 4 642.2 4 633.2 Electricity, gas and water - - 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.9 21.9 19.1 20.7 21.7 21.5 20.7 Construction 1.0 2.4 3.6 9.0 10.5 14.5 14.8 29.4 49.5 52.0 45.0 46.8 Trade 25.2 44.5 76.7 73.4 57.8 570.9 764.8 613.0 432.4 610.0 938.5 798.0 Hotels and restaurants - - - - - - 27.6 20.4 26.3 54.0 61.7 54.9 Transport, storage and communications 1.5 0.9 1.6 2.2 50.8 84.1 183.9 329.0 251.3 320.7 472.3 557.3 Transport and storage 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.5 50.8 84.1 92.2 150.0 160.3 163.1 307.4 441.3 Post and communications - - - - - - 91.7 179.0 90.9 157.6 164.9 116.0 Finance 0.6 4.9 31.3 14.5 18.2 37.5 412.6 453.3 670.5 955.3 794.2 538.5 Financial Intermediation - 4.4 29.9 13.1 18.2 37.5 412.0 451.1 518.8 953.5 792.6 536.5 Insurance and Pension Funding 0.6 0.5 1.3 1.3 - - - - - - - 0.5 Activities Auxiliary to Financial Intermediation - - - - 0.0 0.0 0.6 2.2 151.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 Business activities 2.8 2.8 7.3 11.2 16.3 78.8 297.0 589.1 1 245.5 1 857.5 2 299.7 2 603.7 Real estate 0.8 0.4 0.5 2.3 5.2 6.1 240.3 525.3 883.3 1 416.2 1 734.7 1 087.1 Rental Activities - - - - - 0.2 0.5 1.1 2.4 4.3 5.2 5.6 Computer and related activities 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.3 1.3 2.6 7.4 5.9 8.1 5.3 6.8 4.3 Research and development - - - - - - - - - 0.3 0.3 0.9 Other business activities 1.2 1.5 6.1 8.5 9.8 69.9 48.9 56.8 351.8 431.4 552.7 1 505.8 Public administration and defence - - - - - - - - - - - - Education - - - - - - - - - - - - Health and social services Community, social and personal service activities - - - - - - - - - - - - Other services - - - - - 0.2-1.0 54.1 4.4 9.4 13.3 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - Private buying and selling of property - - - - 14.7 14.7 14.7 28.8 193.3 201.3 201.3 167.5 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.

13 Table 15. FDI stocks abroad, by geographical destination, 1999 2010 Region / economy 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total world 103.8 117.3 191.4 197.0 330.5 1 071.7 2 098.6 2 739.2 3 701.9 4 877.3 5 557.4 5 458.8 Developed countries 70.6 81.2 99.8 113.0 161.5 775.6 1 448.5 1 899.6 2 613.0 3 647.8 4 301.4 4 285.4 Europe 66.5 78.0 94.9 106.2 157.1 770.8 1 448.1 1 899.1 2 608.1 3 647.2 4 300.6 4 283.9 European Union 66.5 77.8 94.8 106.0 157.0 770.8 1 338.4 1 789.1 2 489.6 3 541.9 4 196.6 4 266.7 Austria - - 0.2 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 Belgium - - 0.2 0.2 2.1 10.9 10.7 9.3 11.3-5.7 10.9 11.2 Bulgaria - - - 0.2 0.2 0.2 36.4 52.6 37.2 351.9 349.7 99.3 Cyprus 3.0 2.7 2.1 1.0 46.6 81.1 82.8 139.7 155.9 276.3 325.5 574.4 Czech Republic - - 0.4 1.7 2.3 2.3 9.0 11.4 6.1 5.6 1.6 2.3 Denmark 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 32.6 31.3 110.1 210.8 195.2 Estonia 23.7 29.8 41.2 41.6 29.5 50.6 116.4 207.4 261.0 296.6 122.1 137.8 Finland - - 0.4 0.5 0.5-3.5 0.0-1.5 6.9 5.8 France 1.9 1.4 0.3 0.4 10.5 10.2 10.5 15.6 16.3 22.2 12.0 11.9 Germany 3.7 7.5 6.5 5.3 11.4 13.5 14.5 20.2 15.7 20.9 30.7 64.0 Hungary 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.0 - - - - - 0.0 2.0 3.2 Ireland 1.1 1.1 - - - - - - - 1.5 0.7 0.8 Italy 2.5 0.2 1.1 2.1 1.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.4 - - Latvia 26.5 32.6 36.5 45.1 43.0 586.4 865.7 750.3 1 088.5 1 108.4 1 055.8 950.3 Netherlands 0.1 0.6 0.1-5.0 4.9 5.0 0.4 132.7 508.8 1 162.5 1 405.8 Poland 2.9 1.4 3.4 3.4 2.3 6.8 58.1 351.2 381.4 448.8 429.4 434.9 Portugal - - - - - - - 5.9-6.3 1.4 2.6-1.4 Romania 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5-0.7 55.8 87.7 71.1 80.1 77.0 73.0 Slovakia - - 0.2 0.2 - - 28.4 25.6 33.6 34.7 24.1 - Spain - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 1.2-2.5 0.6 1.0 Sweden 0.2 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.1-0.8 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.7 United Kingdom - - - - 0.7 1.3 45.6 89.5 243.8 278.3 373.0 291.9 Other developed Europe - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1-109.7 110.0 118.5 105.3 103.9 17.2 Iceland - - - - - - - 0.2 0.2 0.3 - - Norway - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1-109.7 109.8 118.3 109.8 103.8 17.1 Switzerland - - - - - - - - - - 4.8 0.1 0.1 North America 4.1 3.2 4.9 6.8 4.4 4.9 0.4 0.5 4.9 0.3 0.8 1.4 Canada 4.1 3.2 4.9 6.8 4.4 4.9 0.4 0.5 4.9 0.3 0.7 1.3 Other developed countries - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - Developing economies - - - 3.9 5.2 1.7 - - - 0.7 2.7 6.7 Latin America and the Caribbean - - - 3.9 5.2 1.7 - - - - - - South and Central America - - - 3.9 5.2 1.7 - - - - - - Argentina - - - - 1.3 1.1 - - - - - - Mexico - - - 3.9 3.9 - - - - - - - Panama - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - Asia - - - - - - - - - 0.6 2.6 6.6 South, East and South-East Asia - - - - - - - - - 0.6 2.6 6.3 China - - - - - - - - - 0.6 2.6 6.3 South-East Europe and CIS 33.1 36.1 91.6 80.2 163.8 294.3 650.1 839.6 1 089.0 1 228.9 1 253.4 1 166.8 South-East Europe - 4.4 14.9 16.0 24.9 39.6 60.3 99.9 177.3 193.9 151.9 174.6 Bosnia and Herzegovina - 4.4 14.7 15.7 24.9 39.0 53.2 53.6 55.1 54.9 22.2 123.9 Croatia - - 0.2 0.3 - - 6.2 9.7 5.3 1.1 0.4 0.4 Serbia - - - - - - - 36.6 116.9 138.0 129.3 50.3 CIS 33.1 31.7 76.8 64.2 138.9 254.7 589.8 739.7 911.7 1 034.9 1 101.5 992.1 Belarus 1.0 4.1 4.0 12.4 8.6 13.7 24.5 36.9 53.8 69.1 152.4 205.7 Kazakhstan 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.8 2.3 3.0 2.3 4.0 5.1 4.2 Kyrgyzstan 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.8 - - - - - - 0.0 0.0 Russian Federation 22.4 13.0 38.5 30.0 98.3 199.4 297.0 430.9 469.5 594.7 525.6 403.7 Turkmenistan 2.8 5.8 3.4 2.8 - - - - - - - - Ukraine 3.3 3.7 22.6 14.2 30.1 39.3 265.1 268.4 385.7 366.3 382.2 341.6 Uzbekistan 3.1 4.1 3.5 3.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.9 Source : UNCTAD FDI/TNC database, based on data from the Bank of.