Descendancy Narrative of Centule I Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22471)

Transcription

1 Descendancy Narrative of Centule I Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22471) Centule I Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22471) (P.D. Abbott, Provinces, Pays and Seigneuries of France in ISBN: (Author at 266 Myrtleford, 3737, Australia: Priries Printers Pty. Ltd, Canberra A.C.T., Australia, November, 1981), Page 488.). Born: before 802 at France, son of Loup III Centule, Duke de Gascogne (6382) and N? N? (6383), Centule Loup became Vicomte de Béarn in 819, and is presumed to habe been at least 17 years of age by that time. Married before 832: N? N? (22472). Died: in 866 Centule was the Vicomte from 819 to 866 (Citing: Père Anselme, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la Maison Royale de France, des Pairs, Grands Officiers de la Couronne et de la Maison du Roy: et des anciens Barons du Royaume, Collection H&G, (édition originale et suppplément de Potier de Courcy en 12 volumes), n.d., 1 Loup Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22469) (Abbott, Page 488.). Born: before 845 at France, son of Centule I Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22471) and N? N? (22472). Married before 875: N? N? (22470). Died: in 905 Loup was the Vicomte from (Abbott, Page 488.). 1.1 Centule II Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22467) (Abbott, Page 488.). Born: before 895 at France, son of Loup Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22469) and N? N? (22470), Centule II Loup is presumed to have been born before his father was 50 years of age. Married before 935: N? N? (22468). Died: circa 940 Centule II was Vicomte de Béarn from 905 to 940 (Abbott, Page 488.) Gaston I Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22465) (Abbott, Page 488.). Born: before 940 at France, son of Centule II Loup, Vicomte de Béarn (22467) and N? N? (22468). Married before 960: N? N? (22466). Died: in 984 Gaston I was Vicomte de Béarn from 940 to 984 (Abbott, Page 488.) Centule III Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (22463) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Contenant lesa Généalogies, l'histoire et la Chronologie des Familles Nobles de France in Volumes, 1 to 15 (Seconde Édition; Rue St- Jacques, Paris: Antoine Boudet, Libraire-Imprimeur du Roi, ( )), Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). AKA: Centule III "Le Vieux" (22463) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). AKA: Centule III, Vicomte d'oleron (22463) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Born: before 962 at France, son of Gaston I Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22465) and N? N? (22466), Centule III Gaston is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age when his son, Gaston II, was born. Married before 979: N? N? (22464). Died: in 1004 Centule III was vicomte de Béarn (Abbott, Page 488.) Gaston II, Vicomte de Béarn (22461) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Born: before 980 at France, son of Centule III Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (22463) and N? N? (22464), Gaston II is presumed to have been at least 15 years old by the time his son Centule IV, was born. Married before 995: N? N? (22462). Died: in 1012 Gaston II was vicomte de Béarn (Abbott, Page 488.) Centule IV Gaston, co-vicomte de Béarn (22459) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). AKA: Centule IV "Le Vieux" (22459) AKA: Centule IV "Le Jeune" (22459) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Born: before 996 at France, son of Gaston II, Vicomte de Béarn (22461) and N? N? (22462). Married before 1010 at France: Angèle, Vicomtesse d'oloron (22460),, daughter of Aner II Loup, vicomte d'oloron (22485) and N? N? (22486). Died: either 1058 or 1068 Centule IV Gaston was killed (assassinated) by the Souletins (inhabitants of the Vicomté de Soule) according to Seigneuries in 1058; according to the Dictionnaire in He was co vicomte de Béarn (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des- Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.).

2 Gaston III Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22458) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Born: before 1011 at France, son of Centule IV Gaston, co-vicomte de Béarn (22459) and Angèle, Vicomtesse d'oloron (22460), Gaston III was Vicomte de Béarn from 1012 to 1058 Married before 1055: Adalais de Lomagne (24576),, daughter of Arnaud II, Vicomte de Lomagne (21947) and Adélaïs d'aquitaine (17689) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Died: either 1058 or 1087 Gaston III Cantule was assassinated (Abbott, Page 488.) Centullo V Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (18391) (Centule V united Béarn with the Vicomté de Montaner) (Paul Theroff, posts on the Genealogy Bulletin Board of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, was a member as of 5 April 1994, at which time he held the identification MPSE79A, until July, His main source was Europaseische Stammtafeln, "de Foix" posted on 21 March 1995 at 02:08 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). AKA: Centule V, Comte de Bigorre (18391) AKA: Centule V, Vicomte d'oloron (18391) Born: before 1056, son of Gaston III Centule, Vicomte de Béarn (22458) and Adalais de Lomagne (24576). AKA: Centule V Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (18391) (Abbott, Pages 346, 488.) AKA: Centule V, Vicomte de Brulhois (18391) Married before 1071: Gisle N? (25295) (Gisle=Gilles was a relative of Centulle V, engaged by the Pope, so Centulle V separated from her, and sent her to Cluni to become a nun. She was at the Monastery de Marciniac built by Hughes, Abbé de Cluni for widows and wives separated from their husbands. Centulle V built and became ther benefactor of the Priory and the church de Sainte-Foi de Morlas which he put under the governance of the Abbé de Cluni) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 128.). Married in 1078: Béatrix, Comtesse de Bigorre (18390),, daughter of Bernard II, Count de Bigorre (7860) and Clémence N? (7861) (Béatrix brought the Comté de Bigorre to her husband, Centule) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.). Died: circa 1090 (Abbott, Page 488.) Gaston IV/V, Vicomte de Béarn (4305) (Gaston IV augmented the Vicomté de Béarn and d'oleron with those of Soule and d'arqs) (André Roux: Scrolls from his personal genealogical research. The Number refers to the family branch numbers on his many scrolls, 232.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II

3 (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.). AKA: Gaston IV Centullo, Vicomte de Béarn (4305) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 488.). AKA: Gaston "Le Croisé" (4305) AKA: Gaston IV, Vicomte d'oleron (4305) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.). Born: before 1075, son of Centullo V Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (18391) and Gisle N? (25295), Gaston is presumed to have been at least 10 years old when she was married to Talèse. Married in 1085: Talèse, Vicomtesse de Montaner (4306),, daughter of Sanche Ramire, Comte d'aybar (22473) and N?, Vicomtesse de Montaner (22474) Died: in 1130 Gaston V was killed in ambush (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.) Centule VI, Vicomte de Béarn (25296)

4 Born: between 1086 and 1100, son of Gaston IV/V, Vicomte de Béarn (4305) and Talèse, Vicomtesse de Montaner (4306) Died: in 1134 Centule VI, was the Vicomte de Béarn from 1131 to He was killed in action Guiscarde, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4307) (Guiscarde inherited the Vicomnté de Béarn upon the death of her brother, Centulle VI) (André Roux: Scrolls, 232.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.).

5 Married Name: de Gavaret (4307). AKA: Guiscarde, Vicomtesse d'oloron (4307) Married before 1100: Pierre I, Vicomte de Gavarret (4308),, son of Pierre-Roger, Vicomte de Gavarret (25297) and Agnès, Dame de Bezaume (25298) (Pierre I had already married his first wife by the time he married Guicarde, shortly after the death of his mother, Agnès. Pierre I's two children by the first marriage (Roger de Gavarret and Arnaud de Gavarret) both died before their father and without posterity). Born: before 1118, daughter of Gaston IV/V, Vicomte de Béarn (4305) and Talèse, Vicomtesse de Montaner (4306), Guiscarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Pierre was born. Married Name: de Gavarret (4307). AKA: Guiscarde, Vicomtesse de Brulhois (4307) Died: in Apr 1154 (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques de La Noblesse de France ou Receuil de Preuves, Mémoires et Notices Généalogiques in Imprimerie de Béthune, Rue Palatine, No. 5, 1-11 (No. 1, Rue du Paon-Saint-André-des- Arcs, Paris, France: M. Lainé, ), Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 6.) Pierre II, Vicomte de Gavarret (4309) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.).

6 AKA: Pierre, Vicomte de Brullois (4309) (Abbott, Page 347.). AKA: Pierre III, Vicomte de Gabarret (4309). Born: before 1119 at France, son of Pierre I, Vicomte de Gavarret (4308) and Guiscarde, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4307), Pierre is presumed to have been at least 30 years of age when he participated in the siege of Fraga in the campaign against the Moors in Spain. AKA: Pierre, Vicomte de Béarn (4309) PierreII became the Vicomte through the death of Centullo V, his uncle, and obtained the succession through the tutellage of Guiscarde, his mother, and of Talèse his maternal grandmother (André Roux: Scrolls, 232.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 01 June 1995 at 03:16 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.). AKA: Pierre, Vicomte de Marsan (4309) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.). Married in 1145 at France: Matelle=Mabille de Baux (4310),, daughter of Raimond I, Seigneur de Baux (2002) and Étiennette=Stéphanie de Provence (2001) (Pierre was Matelle's first husband) As of 24 Oct 1149, the address of Pierre II, Vicomte de Gavarret (4309) was at an unknown place (Following in the footsteps of his ancestors, Pierre II distinguished himswelf in battles against the Moors in Spain. He took part in the second siege of Fraga, and was successfull in vanquishing the infidels on 24 October The Seigneurie of Saragossa, first Paire of Aragon, had been the prize for the exploits of Gaston IV, Vicomte de Béarn against the Sarrasins in the Peninsula. The lands were passed to Centulo V, his son, and Pierre II received that part called the Seigneurie of Huesca) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.). Died: between 1150 and 1154 Sources are not in perfect agreement as to the year of Pierre's demise (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.) Gaston V de Béarn (16748) (Paul Theroff, posts, Posting in Subject "Spain & Portugal" on 5 March 1994 at 03:32 Hours.).

7 AKA: Gaston V, Vicomte de Gavarret (16748) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 6.). AKA: Gaston V, Vicomte de Marsan (16748) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 6.). Born: between 1146 and 1153, son of Pierre II, Vicomte de Gavarret (4309) and Matelle=Mabille de Baux (4310), Gaston became Vicomte in 1154, at a tender age. Married before 1160: Béatrix d'armagnac (24570),, daughter of Arnaud-Bernard II, Co-count d'armagnac (24569) and Naupazie N? (24571). Married before 1164: Sancha de Navarre (4071),, daughter of Garcia-Ramirez VII, King de Navarre (4063) and Urraque Alfonsa, Princess de Castile (5071) (Gaston V was Sancha's first husband). Died: in 1170 Gaston V died without issue (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.) Marie, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4311) (When her brother, Gaston V died without issue, Marie became inheritor of Béarn and paid hommage to Alphonse, King of Aragon for herself and her successors for Béarn, as well as other holdings in Gascogne and promisedd to marry only at his will. He had her marry Guillaume de Moncade, Sénéchal de Catalogne) (André Roux: Scrolls, 154, 232.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.).

8 Married Name: de Moncade (4311). Born: before 1152 at Pau, Béarn, France, daughter of Pierre II, Vicomte de Gavarret (4309) and Matelle=Mabille de Baux (4310), Marie succeeded her brother, Gaston V, and the age of eighteen (André Roux: Scrolls.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 6.). Married circa Nov 1170: Guillaume V de Moncade (4312),, son of Guillaume Raimond IV de Moncade (3038) and Marie de Castelvo (3041) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 6.). Died: in 1186 Marie was deposed in the year 1173 (Abbott, Page 488.) Guillaume-Raimond, Vicomte de Béarn (4313) (André Roux: Scrolls, 154, 232.)

9 (Abbott, Page 488.). AKA: Guillaume-Raimond, Vicomte de Moncade (4313). AKA: Guillaume-Raimond, Vicomte de Marsan (4313) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 8.). AKA: Guillaume I, Vicomte d'oloron (4313). AKA: Guillaume I, Seigneur de Tortosa (4313). AKA: Guillaume-Raimond, Vicomte de Gavarret (4313) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 8.). AKA: Guillaume I, Seigneur de Fraga (4313). Born: in 1171, son of Guillaume V de Moncade (4312) and Marie, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4311), Guillaume-Raimond was the twin brother of Gaston VI (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 8.). Married before 1189: Marguerite de Narbonne (4314). Note - in 1214: Gauillaume became Vicomte in 1214, when his twin brother Gaston VI died. Died: in 1223 Guillaume-Raimond's posterity would maintain control of the lands until about 1290 when they were turned over by marriage to the Comte de Foix.

10 Guillaume II/I, Vicomte de Béarn (4315) (André Roux: Scrolls, 232.) (Abbott, Page 488.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.). AKA: Guillaume II, Seigneur de Fraga (4315). AKA: Guillaume, Seigneur de Castelviel (4315) Castelviel in Catalogne. AKA: Guillaume II, Vicomte de Marsan (4315). AKA: Guillaume I de Montrate (4315) AKA: Guillaume II, Vicomte de Brulhois (4315) Brulhois in Aquitaine. AKA: Guillaume II, Vicomte d'oloron (4315). AKA: Guillaume II, Seigneur de Tortosa (4315). AKA: Guillaume II, Vicomte de Gabardan (4315) Gabardan in Aquitaine. Born: circa 1190, son of Guillaume-Raimond, Vicomte de Béarn (4313) and Marguerite de Narbonne (4314), Guillaume is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. AKA: Guillaume II de Moncade (4315). Married before 1228: Garsende de Forcalquier (4316),, daughter of Alfonso, Prince de Aragon (7879) and Gersinde II de Sabran (7866). Died: in Sep 1229 at Portopi, Majorca, Guillaume II became Vicomte in 1224 and was killed in action in Guillaume-Raymond de Moncade was as from 1224 until its death in 1229 lord of Moncade and Castelviel in Catalogne and as a Guillaume II, Viscount of Béarn, Marsan, Gabardan and Brulhois, becoming then Guillaume Ier de Béarn. Its political activity was monopolized by the resolution of the problems involved in the catalo- Aragonese nobility, whose families disputed the influence of the young king Jacques Ier d' Aragon. It was devoted in particular to the preparation of the invasion of the Balearic Islands. At the time of its last visit in Béarn, in February 1228, he promised to the representative of the king of England to lend to him homage for the grounds located in Aquitaine (Béarn, Gabardan, Brulhois and Captieux). This moment marks the exit of Béarn of the Aragonese orbit and the beginning of the progressive tender with Angleterre. Of return in Catalonia, it supported an aggressive position with the council which was held with Salou, to plan the invasion. In September 1229, the fleet left towards Majorque, Guillaume being in command of the first vessel. Once the troops disembarqued, they started the battle of Portopi. Guillaume found death there, just like eight knights of his chalk-lining, of which its nephew Raymond. The tomb of Guillaume II is in the church of the Monastère of Santa-Cruz Gaston VI de Moncade (9645).

11 AKA: Gaston "Le Jeune" (9645) (Abbott, Page 488.). AKA: Gaston "Le Bon" (9645) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 7.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 129.). AKA: Gaston VI, Seigneur de Tortosa (9645). AKA: Gaston VI, Vicomte d'oloron (9645). AKA: Gaston VI, Seigneur de Fraga (9645). Born: in 1171 at France, son of Guillaume V de Moncade (4312) and Marie, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4311) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 7.). AKA: Gaston VI, Vicomte de Béarn (9645) Gaston VI was elected Vicomte, pursuant to an agreement the Béarnais made with Vicomtesse Marie (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 7.). AKA: Gaston, Comte de Bigorre (9645) From Alfonse, King of Aragon, Gaston received the ineswtiture of the Comté de Bigorre in consideration of his future marriage (accomplished in 1196). Pétronille, his future wife was the grand-daughter of Centule III de Comminges, Comte de Bigorre (M.

12 Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 7.). Married on 1 Jun 1196 at France: Pétronille de Comminges (9644),, daughter of Bernard IV, Count de Comminges (3002) and Béatrice III/IV, Comtesse de Bigorre (9641). Note - in Sep 1211 at Castelnadaury, Languedoc, France: Gaston VI took part in the Battle of Castelnadaury. Castelnaudary is the Capital of Lauragais in the Aude département in Languedoc-Roussillon in southwestern France. September 1211, following the wise advice of Hugues de Lacy, the plan drawn up by the crusaders was more or less complete: meridional forces under the command of Raimond VI de Toulouse had besieged Castelnaudary where Simon de Montfort was contained. The meridional's encampment was strong and safe but did not entirely surround the walls of the town. Simon IV de Montfort sent some knights, among them Guy de Lévis and Bouchard de Marly, to seek as many reinforcements as possible. Martin d'algai and his mercenaries rode to reinforce them, but the Count of Foix planned to ambush them near the castle of Saint-Martin, 3 miles from Castelnaudary. When Simon got wind of this, he sent Guy de Lucy, Simon de Neauphle, Roard de Donges with 40 other knights to their rescue. The Count de Foix (Raymond-Roger) returned to Castelnaudary bringing more troops which, when the battle started, he organized in 3 battle groups (heavy cavalry at the centre, lighter cavalry on one wing, infantry on the other). It appears that de Foix acted on his own, without support from the other lords. Outnumbered, Martin d'algai's mercenaries fled, which incited some of de Foix's troops to plunder the baggage train and leave the battlefield whilst the fierce cavalry battle continued. Simon, who had watched the scene, dashed out of Castelnaudary with 60 knights leaving only 5 knights and the infantry to defend the castle against Mauléon's attacks. Now the Count of Foix was in real danger. Soon all his troops fled in disarray. Severe losses had been inflicted on both sides. The following day, Simon departed from Castelnaudary, leaving only a small garrison there. A few days later, the meridionals raised the siege. Both sides claimed victory.

13 Died: in 1215 Gaston died without issue, and Pétronille, his widow, remarried the following year with Gui, son of Simon, Comte de Montfort. Guillaume-Raimond, his twin brother became his successor for Béarn (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 8.) Guillemette de Béarn (10614). Married Name: de Castile (10614). Born: before 1214 at France, daughter of Gaston VI de Moncade (9645) and Pétronille de Comminges (9644). Married in 1266 at Spain: Alfonso Manuel de Castile (10615),, son of Juan Manuel de Castile (10613) and Constanza de Aragon (9316). Died: in Pierre de Moncade (26947). Born: circa 1175, son of Guillaume V de Moncade (4312) and Marie, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4311), Pierre was the Chief of the de Moncade branches in Sicily and Catalogna Guillaume-Amanieu, Vicomte de Gavarret (26946) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII

14 (1827), De Gavarret, Page 5.). AKA: Guillaume-Amanieu, Vicomte de Bezaume (26946) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 8.). Born: before 1132, son of Pierre I, Vicomte de Gavarret (4308) and Guiscarde, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4307), He is the progenitor of the branches of Viconmtes de Benauges and the Vicomtes de Bezaumes. Married before 1160: N? N? (26948),, daughter of Guillaume III, Count d'angoulême (1521) and Vitapont, Dame de Benauges (1522) (Some sources allege that Guiillaume came upon the lands of Benauges came to the House of Gavarret, because Guillaume married a daughter of Guillaume Taillefer and Vitapoy) Bernard I, Vicomte de Gavarret (26949) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.). AKA: Bernard, Vicomte de Bezaume (26949) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.). Born: before 1165, son of Guillaume- Amanieu, Vicomte de Gavarret (26946) and N? N? (26948), Bernard is presumed to have been at least 25 years old by the time he signed a charter with Richard, The Lion Heart (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.). Married circa 1186: N? de Beauville (26950) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 9.). Note - on 3 Feb 1190: Richard, the Lion Heart, King of England, recognized Bernard for the donations and concessions his ancestors had made on behalf of the Abbey of the Sauve-Majeure (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Page 9.). Died: after 1195 (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Gavarret, Pages 8-9.) N? de Béarn (18862) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.). Married Name: d'albret (18862). Born: before 1131, daughter of Gaston IV/V, Vicomte de Béarn (4305) and Talèse, Vicomtesse de Montaner (4306). Married before 1161: Bernard Aiz III, Sire d'albret (18861),, son of Amanieu III, Sire d'albret (21822) and N? N? (21823) Amanieu IV, Sire d'albret (18549) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 340.). Born: in 1162, son of Bernard Aiz III, Sire d'albret (18861) and N? de Béarn (18862). Married before 1173: Adelmodis d'angoulême (18550),, daughter of Guillaume IV, Count d'angoulême (1527) and Marguerite de Turenne (1528) Amanieu V, Sire d'albret (16758) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 340.).

15 Born: before 1174, son of Amanieu IV, Sire d'albret (18549) and Adelmodis d'angoulême (18550). Note - between Jul 1210 and Nov 1210 at Termes, Narbonne, Languedoc, France: Amanieu V fought at the Battle of Termes. Termes: July November The castrum of Termes was in the territory of Narbonne, (five leagues southeast of Carcassonne and southwest of Narbonne). It was marvelously, indeed unbelievably, strong and in human estimation appeared to be quite impregnable.à It was situated on the summit of a very high peak, overlooking a huge natural cliff, and surrounded on all sides by very deep and inaccessible ravines, with water flowing through them, surrounding the whole castrum.à In turn the ravines were surrounded by huge crags, so difficult to climb down from that anyone wishing to approach the walls would need first to throw himself into a ravine and then as it were `crawl back towards heaven'. Moreover, a stone's throw from Termes itself, there was a crag on whose summit there was a small but very strong fortified tower known as `Termenet'. So situated Termes could be approached from one side only, where the rocks were lower and less inaccessible. Arriving at Termes, in July 1210, Simon IV, Comte de Montfort started the siege with a modest force and was able to occupy a small part of the castrum. a number of noble and powerful men arrived from France; Renaud, Bishop of Chartres, Philip, Bishop of Beauvais, Count Robert of Dreux and also the Count of Ponthieu. They were accompanied by a substantial force of crusaders whose arrival greatly cheered the Count of Montfort and the whole army. Here there were many barons, many tents of silk and fine pavilions, many silk tunics and rich brocades, mailshirts too and many a fine banner, many an ashen haft, ensigns and pennons, many a good knight and fine young men of noble race Germans, Bavarians, Saxons, Frisians, men from Maine, Anjou, Normandy and Brittany, Lombards and Longobards, Gascons and Provencals. The lord archbishop of Bordeaux was there and so was Sir Amanieu d'albret and men from Langon. All those who came did their forty days' duty, so that as some arrived, others left. But Raymond, lord of Termes, counted none of them worth a button, for no one ever saw a stronger castle than his. The garrison of the castle was composed of troops from Roussillon, Catalonia and Aragon under the command of Raymond de Termes. There they kept Pentecost, Easter and Ascension and half the winter, as the Song of the Cathar Wars (1210) says. No one ever saw so numerous a garrison as there was in that castle, men from Aragon, Catalonia and Roussillon. Many were the armed encounters and shattered saddle-bows, many the knights and strong Brabanters killed, many the ensigns and fine banners forcibly borne off into the keep against the crusaders' will. As for the mangonels and catapults, the defenders did not think them worth a button. Meat they had in plenty, both fresh meat and salt pork, water and wine to drink and an abundance of bread. If the Lord God had not dealt them a blow, as he did later when he sent them dysentery, they would never have been defeated. By November 1210, the crusader army (of the Albigensian Crusade) under the command of Simon IV de Montfort, which had been besieging the stronghold of Termes since July 1210, was exhausted. In September 1210, the crusaders had received the reddition of the castle, the water cisterns being empty., but actually nobody surrendered because rain fell a few hours after the truce had been made. The army had sat around that stronghold until its water supply dried up. They had wine for another two or three months, but I do not think anyone can live without water. Then, God and the faith help me, there was a heavy downpour of rain which caused a great flood, and this led to their defeat. They put quantities of this rainwater into butts and barrels and used it to knead and cook with. So violent a dysentery seized them that the sufferers could not tell where they were. They all agreed to flee away rather than die like this, unconfessed. They put the

16 ladies of the castle up into the keep, and then when it was dark night and no one could see what was happening, they went out, taking with them no possessions, nothing, I believe, except money. At that point Raymond of Termes told them to wait because he was going back into the castle, and while they waited some Frenchmen met him on his way in and they captured him and took him to the count de Montfort. The others, Catalans and Aragonese, fled to escape being killed. The siege was over, the castle was captured. Note - between 13 Sep 1217 and 22 Jul 1218 at Toulouse, Languedoc, France: Amanieu V fought at the Second Siege of Toulouse. 13 Sep Jul 1218 Second Siege of Toulouse. Like most towns, Toulouse was defended by city walls with a seigniorial castle providing a second line of defence. The castle of the Counts of Toulouse was on the west side of the city, and known as the Château Narbonnais. The City was repeatedly besieged, and repeatedly withstood the Catholic Crusaders, though it had to be surrendered under treaties of surrender. William of Puylaurens covered events relating to the history of Languedoc from the twelfth century to the mid- 1270s.àThe section below begins with the future Raymond VII, count of Toulouse, laying siege to the crusader-held fortress of Beaucaire in 1216.à Events seem to turn against Simon de Montfort, leader of the crusading forces, and he begins a siege of the city of Toulouse, which lasts from October 1217 to July 1218.à This siege ends with the death of Simon. This text is from The Chronicle of William of Puylaurens: The Albigensian Crusade and its Aftermath, trans. W.A. Sibly and M.D. Sibly (Boydell, 2003).à Simon first besieged Toulouse in 1211, but failed to take it. From 16 to 29 June 1211, Simon de Montfort

17 besieges the City of Toulouse, without success. In May, 1215, the city of Toulouse surrendered to Simon de Montfort. September to October 1216: So, after his reception by the citizens of Avignon and the people of Venaissin, the son of the Count of Toulouse entered the town of Beaucaire in strength, with the support of the inhabitants, and laid siege to the crusader garrison in the castle. He invested the castle from all sides, by land and from the river Rhone, so that no one could leave and no relief could reach the garrison from outside. Count Simon [de Montfort] rushed to besiege the besiegers, but after eating their horses and running completely out of supplies the garrison surrendered the castle to their enemies, having received guarantees that their lives would be spared. As his efforts had come to nothing Count Simon raised the siege of the town. As a consequence many who had concealed their opposition to him lifted up their horns, and numerous strongholds and towns at once joined his enemies. For the citizens of Toulouse, whose hostages had already returned home, as I reported above, refused to submit to masters whose rule was overweening and took refuge in a form of disobedience. They bore with difficulty the yoke which undermined the liberty to which they were accustomed. Accordingly Count Simon fearful that if he took no steps to suppress them they would become as a swelling tumour, decided to oppose them with armed force and punish their arrogance severely. 12th September Raymond VI of Toulouse re-enters the City of Toulouse over the Bazacle (the ancient ford over the Garonne) to the delight of the population. Simon de Montfort's family are trapped within the Château Narbonnais. So, in the year 1216, the Count entered the Cité with a large armed force.à He started fires in several places hoping that the citizens would be put in dread by a double storm, of fire and sword, and thus be more readily thrown into confusion.à The Toulousians met force with force, they placed wooden beams and wine casks in the streets and repulsed the attackers.à All night long they had no rest from fighting fire or the enemy. In the morning the venerable father Bishop Fulk took with him some of the citizens, and in the hope of adverting the impending dangers, mediated between the two parties to secure an agreed peace and sought to blunt the sharp edge of steel with silver.à The Count's resources had been exhausted by the expenditure he had incurred at Beaucaire, and he had no money.à Seizing on this some of his associates, claiming that it would be of his advantage, urged him to claim compensation of thirty thousand marks, from the Cité and the Bourg an amount they could well afford as a means of enabling them to gain the Count's favor.à He willingly fell in with this counsel of Achitofel, and, blinded by money, did not see the dangers that might result.à For those who gave this advice well knew that levying this sum would result in much wrong being done, to the community as a whole and to individuals; this would drive the Toulousains to aspire to their erstwhile freedoms and recall their former lord. When the levy came to be collected it was exacted with a harsh and cruel pressure; not only were pledges demanded, but the doorways of houses were marked with signs.à There were many instances of this harsh treatment which it would take too long to describe in detail, as the people groaned under the yoke of servitude. Meanwhile the Toulousains engaged in secret discussion with their old Count [Raymond VI], who was travelling in Spain, concerning his possible return to Toulouse, so that their wishes might be fulfilled. From 13 September 1217 to 22 July Second Siege of the City of Toulouse. Stung by the humiliation of losing Toulouse, Simon de Montfort besieges the city again, without success. He dies during the siege, on 25th June 1218, hit on the head by a stone from a trebuchet, to the great rejoicing of the besieged, and the whole of the Midi. So in the year 1217, whilst Count Simon was engaged in a long struggle with Adhemar of Poitiers on the east side of the Rhone, the Count of Toulouse took advantage of the opportunity so created to cross the Pyrenees and enter Toulouse, not by bridge bit by the ford under the Bazacle.à This was in September.à He was accompanied by the Counts of Comminges and Palhars and a few knights.à Few people were aware of his arrival; some were pleased, others who judged the likely future turn of events by what had happened in the past, were displeased.à Some of the latter therefore retired to the Chateau Narbonnais with the French, others to the Bishop's house or the cloister of St. Stephen or the monastery of Saint-Sernin; the Count persuaded them to return to him after a few days, by threats or flattery.à The Count Guy, who was in the area, tried to suppress this latest insurrection by force but was repulsed and could not achieve his aims. In the meantime, whilst Count Simon, currently engaged in besieging Crest, was being apprised of these events, the citizens began to cut off access from the Chateau Narbonnais to the Cité, with pales and stakes, large wooden beams and ditches, starting at the rampart known as le Touzet and going as far as the rampart of St James.à Count Simon now arrived with Cardinal Bertrand, who had been sent as legate by the Supreme Pontiff Honorius, attacked the city with a strong force, but the citizens defended themselves courageously and his efforts were in vain.à Then siege-engines were erected on all sides of the city, and a bombardment of mill-stones and other heavy stones was begun. Meanwhile the legate sent Lord Fulk, the Bishop of Toulouse, to France to preach the cross; with him were others entrusted with the same mission including Master Jacques de Vitry, a man of outstanding honour, learning and eloquence, who later became Bishop of Acre and then a cardinal of the Church of Rome.à The lord Bishop of Toulouse once spoke to me of Master Jacques, who had told him that he had been enjoined in a dream by a vision of St. Saturnin, the first Bishop of Toulouse, to preach against his people; he referred the matter to the Bishop and asked him if there had at one time been a priest at Toulouse called Saturnin - he had not previously known this. The preaching mission resulted in a great many men taking up the cross; these came to take part in the siege of Toulouse in the following spring, and the Bishop returned to the army with them.à Count Simon now donated to the Bishop and his successors as bishops of Toulouse in perpetuity the castrum of Verfeil, with all the towns and forts which belonged to it and which contained twenty hearths of less; the count retained nothing, and imposed only one condition that if he were ever to become involved in warfare on open ground in the territory of Verfeil, the Bishop would provide him with one armed knight. The labour of battle oppressed the

18 besieged and the besiegers alike throughout the winter, as they fought with siege-engines and the other instruments of war.à Count Simon, now strengthened by the presence of the newly arrived crusaders, harried his enemies, less by direct attacks on the walls of the town than by excursions around it (which the citizens hindered by erecting barriers and digging ditches).à At last it was decided to construct a wooden engine of the type known as a 'cat', which would enable his men to bring up earth and wood to fill up the ditches; once the ditches had been levelled they would be able to engage the enemy at close quarters and effect an entry into town after breaking up the wooden barriers opposing them. However the Count [Simon] was worn out by his labours, despondent and weakened and exhausted by the drain on his resources; nor did he easily bear the prick of constant accusations be the legate that he was unthinking and remiss.à Whence, it is said, he began to pray to God to give him peace by the remedy of death.à One day, the day after the feast of St John the Baptist, he went into the cat, and a stone thrown from an enemy mangonel fell on his head; he died at once.à The news reached the citizens inside Toulouse that day, and they did not hold back from showing their delight by shouts of rejoicing, whilst on the other side there was great sadness.à Indeed the citizens were in great distress through fear of an imminent attack; moreover they had few remaining supplies and little hope of gathering their harvest that summer. So, the man who inspired terror from the Mediterranean to the British sea fell by a blow from a single stone; at his fall those who had previously stood firm fell down.à In him who was a good man, the insolence of his subordinates was thrown down.à I affirm that later I heard the Count of Toulouse (the last of his line) generously praise him - even though he was his enemy - for his fidelity, his foresight, his energy and all the qualities which befit a leader. 16th of June - 1st of August Third Siege of the City of Toulouse, this time by Prince Louis, the future French King Louis IX (Saint Louis), again without success.

19 Note - between Oct 1218 and Jun 1219 at Marmande, France: Amanieu V fought at the Siege of Marmande. Siege of Marmande: October 1218 June Marmande was a bastide founded about 1195 on the site of a more ancient town by King Richard I (Coeur de Lion or Lionheart). Its position on the banks of the Garonne made it an important place of toll. It soon passed into the hands of the counts of Toulouse, and was three times besieged and taken during the Albigensian Crusade In June 1219, the town had already been besieged for weeks by Amaury de Montfort when Louis, King Philippe Auguste s son, arrived. Louis had been in England - and well on the way to winning the throne of England - largely at the invitation of the barons who had had enough of King John. But when John had died suddenly in October 1216, the incomparable William Marshal had stepped in as Regent for the infant King of England, Henry III. Not even kings relished the prospect of facing William Marshal and the whole purpose of Louis' presence in England was now gone. The young Louis was wise enough to make peace with and withdraw after a couple of quick but severe maulings at the hands of Marshal. After having captured La Rochelle from the English King, Louis set about to attack the Albigensians in Toulouse with the blessing of the Pope. Now Louis was in the Languedoc, a much better prospect for plunder having been exhausted by years of war waged by the French Catholic armies. He arrived at Marmande, a possession of the Comte de Toulouse, with 20 bishops, 30 counts, 600 knights and 10,000 foot soldiers in June, On the orders of the Comte Raimond VI, Marmande was being defended by Centulle, Comte d Astarac, and the magnates Arnold de Blanquefort and Guillaume-Arnold de Tantalon with a large complement of knights. After several days of assault by Louis, the defenders surrendered thinking they would be spared as prisoners. The city of some 7,000 people fell after the first assault, and was sacked. The massacre that followed shocked even the crusaders' own allies. Only Centulle and his immediate subordinates were taken alive, and then sent to Puylaurens and held until they could be exchanged for prisoners held by the other side. Even while discussion about their fate were taking place, and the townspeople had long since ceased to resist, the very valiant heroic crusaders of French nobility set upon the inhabitants and butchered them regardless of age or sex. About 5,000 civilians were thus slaughtered in the Name of God. Here is a contemporary account from the Song of the Cathar Wars (laisse 212): terror and massacre began;à Lords, ladies and their little children, Men and women stripped naked, All were slashed and cut to shreds by keen edged swords.à Flesh, blood, brains, torsos, Limbs and faces hacked in two; Lungs, livers and guts torn out and thrown away - Laying on the open ground As if they had rained down from the heavens.à Marshland and firm ground, all was red with blood.à Not a man or woman was left alive, neither young nor old, No living creature, except perhaps some well-hidden infant.à Marmond was razed and set alight Very soon afterwards the king [Louis] left for Toulouse.

20 Married before 1233: Assalide de Tartas (16759),, daughter of Arnaldo Ramón II, Vicomte de Tartas (18865) and Navarra de Dax (18866) (Assaride was Amanieu V's first wife) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome I (Volume 1), MDCCLXX (1770), Page 144.). Married before 1239: Isabelle de Bergerac (16760) (Isabelle was Amanieu V's second wife). Died: between 1240 and 1255 While E.S. [via Paul Theroff] shows Amanieu V died in 1240, Abbott alleges he died circa 1209, and Carver's sources indicate he died in Finally, the Dictionnaire show him dying in 1255 (Source is from a note posted on the Genealogy Electronic Bulletin Board of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service a computer online service, By Robert Carver, MGC [Prodigy ID#CQGW37A] Under Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry" in Subject "Ancestry of Louis XV", posted 25 February 1998 at 14:58 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome I (Volume 1), MDCCLXX (1770), Page 144.) Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 340.). Born: before 1235, son of Amanieu V, Sire d'albret (16758) and Assalide de Tartas (16759), Amanieu VI is presumed to have been at least 18 years old when his son, Amanieu, was born of his first marriage. Married before 1252: Viane de Gontaud (22809). Divorced Viane de Gontaud (22809): before Married between 1255 and 1257: Mathé de Bordeaux (16757),, daughter of Pierre de Lesparre (16763) and N? N? (16764) (Amanieu VI and Mathé were mutual second spouses). Died: in 1270 Carver's sources show Amanieu VI dying in 1270, but the Dictionnnaire shows him alive in 1272 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., By Robert Carver, MGC [Prodigy ID#CQGW37A] Under Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry" in Subject "Ancestry of Louis XV", posted 25 February 1998 at 14:58 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome I (Volume 1), MDCCLXX (1770), Page 144.) Amanieu d'albret (22810) (Information posted on the Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: before 1253, son of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Viane de Gontaud (22809), Amanieu died young Bernard Aiz IV, Sire d'albret (9724) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.). Born: between 1257 and 1260 at France, son of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757), Bernard IV is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Married before 1277 at France: Jeanne de Lusignan (9723),, daughter of Hughes XII de Lusignan (9713) and Jeanne, Dame de Fougères (9714). Died: on 24 Dec 1280 (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Amanieu VII, Sire d'albret (18869) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Albret" on 21 March 1994 at 02:07 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 340.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., By Robert Carver, MGC [Prodigy ID#CQGW37A] Under Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry" in Subject "Ancestry of Louis XV", posted 25 February 1998 at 14:58 Hours.). Born: before 1269, son of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757). Married circa 1288: Rose de Bourg (18870),, daughter of Guitard de Bourg (19262) and N? N? (22813) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Died: in 1326 (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Assalide d'albret (21840) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Married Name: d'astarac (21840). Born: between 1257 and 1260, daughter of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757). Married in 1278: Centule III, Comte d'astarac (21839),, son of Bernard III, Comte d'astarac (21841) and N? N? (21842) (Centulle was Assaride's second husband). Died: circa 1286 (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Mathé d'albret (22867) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Married Name: de Rions (22867) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: between 1258 and 1270 at France, daughter of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757). Married before 1280: Séguin de Rions (22868) (Internet, by Paul Theroff

21 at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Anne d'albret (22869) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: between 1259 and 1270, daughter of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757) Arnaud Amanieu d'albret (22866) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: between 1263 and 1270 at France, son of Amanieu VI, Sire d'albret (16756) and Mathé de Bordeaux (16757). Died: after Bérard d'albret (16761). Born: before 1240, son of Amanieu V, Sire d'albret (16758) and Isabelle de Bergerac (16760). Died: circa 1270 (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Puncela d'albret (16766) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:25 Hours.). Married Name: Pinilla = Princelle d'armagnac (16766) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: before 1175, daughter of Amanieu IV, Sire d'albret (18549) and Adelmodis d'angoulême (18550). Married before 1236: Roger, Comte d'armagnac (16765),, son of Bernardo d'armagnac (18537) and Geraldesse de Foix (18538) Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:25 Hours.). AKA: Guillaume VI, Comte de Fézensac (9657) Born: before 1237, son of Roger, Comte d'armagnac (16765) and Puncela d'albret (16766), Géraud VI became Comte d'armagnac in 1256, the year when Mascarose II [wife of Esquivat de Chabanais] died [Mascarose II, being the grand-daughter of his uncle Géraud IV]. AKA: Géraud I, Vicomte de Fézensaguet (9657) (Abbott, Page 352.). Married in 1260: Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658),, daughter of Gaston VII/VIII, Vicomte de Béarn (4317) and Marthe = Aimée, Countess de Bigorre (4318). Died: in 1285 (Abbott, Page 342.) Bernard VI, Count d'armagnac (9681) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:25 Hours.). AKA: Bernard VII, Comte d'auvergne (9681) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Carlat, Page 8.). AKA: Bernard VI, Comte de Fézensac (9681) Born: between 1260 and 1279 at France, son of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658), Bernard VI is presumed to have been at least 14 years of age when he married Isabelle. Bernard VI became the Comte d'armagnac in AKA: Bernard VI, Comte de Fézenzaguet (9681) Married before 1293: Isabelle, Dame d'albret (16755),, daughter of Bernard Aiz IV, Sire d'albret (9724) and Jeanne de Lusignan (9723). Married in 1298: Cécile, Comtesse de Rodez (9680),, daughter of Henri II, Count de Rodès (1827) and Mascarosse=Marguerite de Comminges (1829) (Through this Union, Cécile brought to the House of Armagnac and Auvergne the Comté de Rodez). Died: on 15 Jun 1319 (Abbott, Page 342.) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.) Mascarosse d'armagnac (18565) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Born: between 1260 and 1279 at France, daughter of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658), Mascarosse married Arnaud Guillaume de Fumel, Vicomte de La Barthe et d'auré. Married before 1310: Arnaud- Guilhem III, Vicomte de La Barthe-Fumel (27380),, son of Bertrand I de Fumel (27365) and Brunissende de La Barthe (27364) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 6.). Married Name: de La Barthe-Fumel (18565) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 6.) Pucelle d'armagnac (9656) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Married Name: de Comminges (9656). Born: between 1261 and 1280 at France, daughter of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658). Married before 1312 at France: Bernard VII de Comminges (9655),, son of Bernard VII, Comte de Comminges (9653) and Lauré de Montfort (9654) (Puelle was Bernard VIII's first wife) Gaston d'armagnac (9683) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). AKA: Gaston, Vicomte de Fézensaguet (9683). Born: between 1261 and 1284 at France, son of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658), Gaston married Valburge, daughter of Henri II, Comte de Rodez. Married before 1297: Marquise du Périgord (24582),, daughter of Hélie VII/IX, Count de Périgord (1386) and

22 Brunissende de Foix (1388) Married on 10 May 1298 at France: Valburge de Rodez (9682),, daughter of Henri II, Count de Rodès (1827) and Mascarosse=Marguerite de Comminges (1829) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Premier (Volume 1), MDCCCXXVII (1827), De Carlat, Page 8.). Married in 1316: Indie, Dame de Caumont (9669),, daughter of Guillaume III, Seigneur de Caumont (21810) and N? N? (21811) Died: either 1320 or 1326 (Abbott, Page 352.) Mathé d'armagnac (18566) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Married Name: de Lomagne (18566). Born: between 1262 and 1281 at France, daughter of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658), Mathé is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Bernard. Married circa 1291: Bernard de Lomagne (18567),, son of Odon IV, Seigneur de Fimarcon (21911) and N? N? (21912). Died: after Roger d'armagnac (18564) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Born: between 1262 and 1285 at France, son of Géraud VI, Comte d'armagnac (9657) and Mathé = Marthe de Béarn (9658). Died: in 1339 at Laon, Aisne, Laonnais, France, Roger was the Bishop of Laon Roger d'armagnac (18568) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Born: before 1238, son of Roger, Comte d'armagnac (16765) and Puncela d'albret (16766) Amanieu d'armagnac (18569) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Born: before 1239 at Gascogne, France, son of Roger, Comte d'armagnac (16765) and Puncela d'albret (16766). AKA: Amanieu, Archbishop d'auch (18569) Died: on 11 Mar 1318 at France Amanieu was the Bishop of Bayonne Arnaud Bernard d'armagnac (18570) (Paul Theroff, posts, "Armagnac & Auvergne" posted on 19 February 1994 at 04:26 Hours.). Born: before 1240 at France, son of Roger, Comte d'armagnac (16765) and Puncela d'albret (16766). Married before 1270: Véronique de La Barthe (27362),, daughter of Arnaud-Guillaume II, Vicomte de La Barthe (24579) and N?, Vicomtesse d'aure (27361) Died: in 1272 Arnaud Bernard was killed in action Roger d'albret (22870) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Born: before 1164 at France, son of Bernard Aiz III, Sire d'albret (18861) and N? de Béarn (18862) Rogine d'albret (22871) (Internet, by Paul Theroff at FTP://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/albret.txt, on 25 May 1997.). Married: Arnaud I de Lomagne (24578),, son of Vesion, Vicomte de Lomagne (21941) and Béatrix N? (21942). Married Name: de Lomagne (22871). Born: before 1164 at France, daughter of Bernard Aiz III, Sire d'albret (18861) and N? de Béarn (18862) Bernard III, Comte de Bigorre (21861) (Abbott, Page 346.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire

23 de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.). Born: between 1080 and 1095 at Gascogne, France, son of Centullo V Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (18391) and Béatrix, Comtesse de Bigorre (18390). Died: in 1112 Bernard III was comte de Bigorre (Abbott, Page 346.) Centulio II, Count de Bigorre (10828). AKA: Centule VI, Vicomte de Béarn (10828) (Abbott, Page 488.). Born: between 1081 and 1096 at Gascogne, France, son of Centullo V Gaston, Vicomte de Béarn (18391) and Béatrix, Comtesse de Bigorre (18390), Centule II was comte de Bigorre AKA: Centule II, Comte de Bigorre (10828) (Abbott, Page 346.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.). Married before 1123: Ermengarde Amable de Béziers (19811),, daughter of Bernard Athon, Vicomte de Béziers (2992) and Cécile, Vicomtesse de Nîmes (2993). Married in 1128 at Spain: Estefania de Barcelone (10827),, daughter of Raymond-Bérenger III, Count de Barcelone (1496) and Douce, Co-Comtesse de Provence (1498) (Centulio was Estefania's first husband). Died: either 1134 or 1139 (Abbott, Page 346.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.) Béatrix III, Comtesse de Bigorre (21860) (Abbott, Page 346.). Married Name: Stéphanie, Vicomtesse de Marsan (21860) (Abbott, Page 361.). AKA: Béatrix de Béarn (21860) (Abbott, Page 346.). Born: before 1124 at France, daughter of Centulio II, Count de Bigorre (10828) and Ermengarde Amable de Béziers (19811), Béatrix III is presumed to have been at least 15 years

24 of age by the time her son, Centule III, was born. Married before 1140: Pierre, Vicomte de Marsan (21859). Died: circa 1163 (Abbott, Page 346.) Centullo III, Count de Bigorre (9642) (Centule III was Comte de Bigorre in 1170) (Paul Theroff, posts, 01 June 1995 at 03:16 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.). AKA: Centule III, Vicomte de Marsan (9642) (Abbott, Page 361.). Born: before 1141 at France, son of Pierre, Vicomte de Marsan (21859) and Béatrix III, Comtesse de Bigorre (21860), Centullo III is presumed to have been at least 14 years of age when he married Matelle. Married in 1155 at France: Matelle=Mabille de Baux (4310),, daughter of Raimond I, Seigneur de Baux (2002) and Étiennette=Stéphanie de Provence (2001) (Centullo III was Matelle's second husband) Died: circa 1178 (Abbott, Page 346.) Béatrice III/IV, Comtesse de Bigorre (9641) (Abbott, Page 346.). Married Name: Étiennette, Comtesse de Comminges (9641) (Abbott, Page 346.). AKA: Étiennette, Vicomtesse de Marsan (9641) (Abbott, Page 361.). Born: before 1170 at France, daughter of Centullo III, Count de Bigorre (9642) and Matelle=Mabille de Baux (4310), Béatrice III is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Bernard IV, and became the heiress of Bigorre in Married circa 1180 at France: Bernard IV, Count de Comminges (3002),, son of Bernard III, Comte de Comminges (1475) and Laurence de Toulouse (1474). Died: circa 1190 (Abbott, Page 346.). Divorced Bernard IV, Count de Comminges (3002): between 1192 and 1194 at France Pétronille de Comminges (9644) (Abbott, Page 346.). Married Name: de Moncade (9644). Married Name: de Aragon (9644). Married Name: de Montfort-l'Amaury (9644). Married Name: de Rancon (9644). Married Name: de Mastas (9644). AKA: Pétronille, Vicomtesse de Marsan (9644) (Abbott, Page 361.). AKA: Pétronelle, Countess de Bigorre (9644) Pétronelle became the heiress of Bigorre in 1190 upon her mother's death. AKA: Pétronille, Vicomtesse de Marsan (9644). Born: in 1185 at Muret, Languedoc, France, daughter of Bernard IV, Count de Comminges (3002) and Béatrice III/IV, Comtesse de Bigorre (9641). Married on 1 Jun 1196 at France: Gaston VI de Moncade (9645),, son of Guillaume V de Moncade (4312) and Marie, Vicomtesse de Béarn (4311). Married in 1215: Nuño Sanchez de Aragon (9646),, son of Sancho, Count de Roussillon (11109) and Sancha Nuñez de Lara (11110) (Nuño was Pétronelle's second husband and she was his first wife). Annulled she and Nuño Sanchez de Aragon (9646): in 1216 (an unknown value). Married on 6 Nov 1216 at Tarbes, Bigorre, Gascogne, France: Gui de Montfort (3202),, son of Simon IV/V, Count de Montfort (3203) and Alix de Montmorency (3207) (Gui was Pétronelle's third husband) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 502.). Married in 1222: Aimeri de Rancon (9648),, son of Geoffroi IV, Seigneur de Rancon (1430) and Jeanne de Surgères (25955) (Aimar was Pétronelle's fourth husband). Married in May 1223 at France: Boson de Mastas (9649) (Boson was Pétronelle's fifth husband). Died: circa Guillemette de Béarn (10614) (see above) Alix de Montfort (9410) (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted under Subject "Montfort" on 26 February 1994 at 23:13 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La

25 Noblesse, Tome V (Volume 5), MDCCLXXII (1772), Page 247.). Married Name: de Chabanais (9410). AKA: Alix, Countess de Bigorre (9410) (Abbott, Page 346.). Married Name: de Courtenay (9410). Born: before 1216 at France, daughter of Gui de Montfort (3202) and Pétronille de Comminges (9644), Alix is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time she married Jourdain VIII de Chabanais. Married in 1234: Jourdain VIII Eschivat de Chabanais (9650),, son of Jourdain II, Seigneur de Chabanais (22187) and N? N? (22188) (Jourdain VIII was Alix's first husband). Married circa 1247 at Italy: Raoul de Courtenay (9411),, son of Robert I de Courtenay (9398) and Mahaut, Dame de Mehun (9400) (Raoul was Alix's second husband). Died: in 1255 at France Marthe = Aimée, Countess de Bigorre (4318) (André Roux: Scrolls, 232.). Married Name: de Béarn (4318). AKA: Aimée de Mastas (4318). AKA: Mathe, Vicomtesse de Marsan (4318) (Abbott, Page 361.). Born: circa 1227, daughter of Boson de Mastas (9649) and Pétronille de Comminges (9644). Married before 1241: Gaston VII/VIII, Vicomte de Béarn (4317),, son of Guillaume II/I, Vicomte de Béarn (4315) and Garsende de Forcalquier (4316) (Marthe was Gaston VIII's first wife). Died: after 1251 Marthe became the Comtesse de Bigorre in 1251, upon the death of her mother Rouge=Rubéa de Marsan (21848) Born: before 1147, daughter of Pierre, Vicomte de Marsan (21859) and Béatrix III, Comtesse de Bigorre (21860) Married before 1170: Bohémond, Comte d'astarac (21847),, son of Bernard I, Comte d'astarac (21849) and Longebrune N? (21850). Married Name: d'astarac (21848) Béatrix, co-comtesse d'astarac (21846) (Abbott, Page 343.) Married Name: Semen (21846). Born: before 1164 at France, daughter of Bohémond, Comte d'astarac (21847) and Rouge=Rubéa de Marsan (21848). Married before 1179: Robert Semen (21845). Died: circa 1201 (Abbott, Page 343.) Centullo I, Count d'astarac (9688).

26 AKA: Centule, Comte d'astarac (9688) (Abbott, Page 343.). Born: circa 1180 at France, son of Robert Semen (21845) and Béatrix, co-comtesse d'astarac (21846). Born: before 1201 at France, son of Robert Semen (21845) and Béatrix, co-comtesse d'astarac (21846). Married after 1201 at France: Pétronelle de Comminges (9687),, daughter of Bernard IV, Count de Comminges (3002) and Marie, Dame de Montpellier (5024). Note - on 16 Jul 1212 at Las Navas de Tolosa, Andalusia, Spain: Centullo I participated in the Crusade of Las Navas de Tolosa. The 16 July 1212 battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (Spanish:Batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa / Arabic:ãÚÑßÉ ÇáÚÞÇÈ) major battle of the Christian reconquest of Spain in which the Almohads (a Muslim dynasty of North Africa and Spain) were severely defeated by the combined armies of Leon, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, and Portugal. The battle was fought about 40 miles (64 km) north of Jaén, in Andalusia, southern Spain. It is considered a major turning point in the history of Medieval Iberia. The forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his Christian rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre, Pedro II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal in battle against the Berber Muslim Almohad rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The sultan Caliph al-nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from the whole Almohad empire. Most of the men in the Almohad army came from the African side of the empire, which included Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and even as far away as Mauritania and Senegal and much of the Iberian peninsula's southern half. In 1195, Alfonso VIII of Castile had been defeated by the Almohads in the so-called Disaster of Alarcos. After this victory the Almohads had taken important cities as Trujillo, Plasencia, Talavera, Cuenca and Uclés. Then, in 1211, Muhammad al-nasir had crossed the Strait of Gibraltar with a powerful war machine, and invaded the Christian territory and captured the stronghold of the Calatrava Knights in Salvatierra. After this, the threat was so great for the Iberian Christian kingdoms that the Pope Innocent III called European knights to a crusade. After some disagreements among the members of the Christian coalition, Alfonso managed to cross the mountain range that defended the Almohad camp, sneaking through the Despeñaperros Pass, so that the Christian coalition caught by surprise and smashed the Moorish army that left some 100,000 casualties at the battleground. The battle was a bloody and decisive encounter. The Caliph Muhammad al-nasir himself died shortly after the battle in Marrakech, where he had fled after the defeat. Later tales relate that the culmination of the battle took place when Sancho VII of Navarre himself broke into the Caliph's fortified camp, broke up the defensive ring and disbanded al-nasir's personal bodyguard; nonetheless Muhammad al-nasir managed to escape. After that, the Christian army engaged in the annihilation of the Muslim troops, so that very few of them could escape the killing. Despite legends that Christian casualties were very few, in fact they were some 2,000 men, and particularly heavy among the Orders. Those killed included Pedro Gomez de Acevedo (bannerman of the Orden de Calatrava), Alfonso Fernandez de Valladares (comendator of the Orden de Santiago), Pedro Arias (master of the Orden de Santiago, died of wounds on 3 August) and Gomez Ramirez (master of the Orden del Templo). Ruy Diaz (master of the Orden de Calatrava) was so grievously wounded that he had to resign his command. According to legend, the emir had his tent surrounded with chained slaves as a defense. The Navarrese however cut the chains and broke into the tent. As a memorial, the kingdom of Navarre changed its coat of arms to one depicting a golden chain on a gules field with an emerald. The crushing defeat of the Almohads significantly hastened their decline both in the Iberian Peninsula and in the Maghreb a decade later. This would give further momentum to the Christian Reconquest begun by the kingdoms of northern Iberia centuries before, resulting in a sharp reduction in the already declining power of the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula. Shortly after the battle, the Castilians took Baeza and then

27 Úbeda, major fortified cities near the battlefield, and gateways to invade Andalucia. Thereafter, Ferdinand III of Castile took Córdoba in 1236, Jaén in 1246, and Seville in 1248; then he took Arcos, Medina- Sidonia, Jerez and Cádiz. After this chain of victories, only Ferdinand's death prevented the Castilians from crossing the Gibraltar Strait to take the war to the heartland of the Almohad empire.[citation needed] Ferdinand III died in Seville on May 30, 1252, when a plague spread over the southern part of the Iberian peninsula while he was preparing his army and fleet to cross the Gibraltar Strait. On the Mediterranean coast, Jaime I, proceeded to conquer the Balearic Islands (from 1228 over the following four years) and Valencia (the city capitulated September ). By the year 1252, the Almohad empire was almost over, at the mercy of another emerging African power. In 1269, a new association of African tribes, the Marinid, had taken control of the Maghreb, and most of the former Almohad empire was under their rule. Later, the Merinid tried to recover the former Almohad territories in the Iberian peninsula, but they were definitively defeated by Sancho IV, Ferdinand's grandson, and King Alfonso IV of Portugal in the Battle of Salado, the last major military encounter between large Christian and Muslim armies in the Iberian peninsula. In 1294 Sancho IV retook Tarifa, key to the control of the Gibraltar Strait; and Granada, Almería and Málaga were the only major Muslim cities of the time in the Iberian peninsula. These three cities were the core of the Nazhari Kingdom of Granada, which was a vassal state of Castile, until the kingdom was finally taken by the Catholic Kings in Note - between Oct 1218 and Jun 1219 at Marmande, France: Centullo I fought for Marmande. Siege of Marmande: October 1218 June Marmande was a bastide founded about 1195 on the site of a more ancient town by King Richard I (Coeur de Lion or Lionheart). Its position on the banks of the Garonne made it an important place of toll. It soon passed into the hands of the counts of Toulouse, and was three times besieged and taken during the Albigensian Crusade In June 1219, the town had already been besieged for weeks by Amaury de Montfort when Louis, King Philippe Auguste s son, arrived. Louis had been in England - and well on the way to winning the throne of England - largely at the invitation of the barons who had had enough of King John. But when John had died suddenly in October 1216, the incomparable William Marshal had stepped in as Regent for the infant King of England, Henry III. Not even kings relished the prospect of facing William Marshal and the whole purpose of Louis' presence in England was now gone. The young Louis was wise enough to make peace with and withdraw after a couple of quick but severe maulings at the hands of Marshal. After having captured La Rochelle from the English King, Louis set about to attack the Albigensians in