Pumped storage hydroelectric power plants: Issues and applications BIH Case Study

Transcription

1 Pumped storage hydroelectric power plants: Issues and applications BIH Case Study Sasa Scekic, Head of Licensing and Technical Affairs Dpt., SERC BIH www. erranet.org

2 Power System of Bosnia and Herzegovina ERRA Licensing/ Licensing /Competition October 19, 19, 2016, 2016, Bratislava, Slovakia 2

3 Basic Power Indicators of Bosnia and Herzegovina Year 2015 EP BIH ERS EP HZHB Komunalno Brčko BIH GWh Generation in hydro power plants Generation in thermal power plants Generation in small and industrial PPs 1, , , , , , , Generation 7, , , , Distribution consumption 4, , , , Transmission losses Large customers ,763.43* 2, PPs self-consumption and pumping Consumption 4, , , , * Including the amount of GWh which Aluminij and B.S.I. purchased as eligible customers 3

4 Basic Data on Installed Capacity of Generation Units Total installed capacity of generation units in Bosnia and Herzegovina amounts to 4, MW: 2, MW hydro power plants 1,765 MW thermal power plants MW small hydro, wind, solar and biogas power plants MW industrial powers plants. Capacity Energy Hydro Thermal Smal Industrial Hydro Thermal Small and Industrial 4

5 Major Generation Units Hydro power plants Capacity of power unit (MW) Total installed capacity (MW) 2Year 2015 Thermal power plants Installed capacity (MW) Available capacity (MW) Trebinje I TUZLA Trebinje II 8 8 G Dubrovnik G (BIH+HR) Čapljina G Rama G Jablanica Grabovica KAKANJ Salakovac G Mostar G Mostarsko blato G Peć-Mlini Jajce I GACKO Jajce II Bočac UGLJEVIK Višegrad Ustiprača

6 PHPP Capljina 6

7 PHPP Capljina- description Owner and license holder - JP Elektroprivreda HZHB d.d. Mostar The only PHPP in the power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the largest HPP in the system Location settlement Svitava, municipality Capljina Started operation in 1979 Multipurpose unit capable of different roles in the system Designed for the yearly production of 480 GWh from non-regulated, regulated and water obtained by pumping Current yearly planned production is 192 GWh 7

8 PHPP Capljina description(2) Operation by the water used: Non-regulated water natural inflows Regulated water discharge of the upstream power plants Water obtained by pumping Designed for the operation: During dry summer and autumn period (cca225 d/y) should operate in night hours (23 05) in pumping regime, and during day (5 6) hours as a peak plant (pumping/generation ratio is 0.74). During winter and spring period (cca140 d/g) with enough inflow in the upper reservoir planned average operation is hours daily. 8

9 PHPP Capljina description (3) Production from non-regulated water flows: Electricity produced from non-regulated water flows all belongs to the license holder JP EPHZB, and is used for supply to end-use customers and commercial sale Production from regulated water flows discharged from Goricaprofile (HPP TrebinjeII) Water discharged from the tail water reservoir Gorica(through HE Trebinje2 or as spill water) superimposed to the natural flows in Popovopolje, and net of losses, flow through the feeding channel to the reservoir Popovopolje. Given the high installed power of PHPP Capljinacoordination is important, not so because of the regulation of flows, but mainly because of financial reasons. Electricity produced using these flows is split between MH ERS and JP EP HZHB, which is regulated by a separate agreement or contract. Framework Agreement on Cooperation was signed in April 2016 between MH ERS (owner of the upstream power plants) and JP EP HZHB. Production from pumping Electricity produced from water obtained by pumping all belongs to the JP HZHB. Exception can be the agreement with a party that provides electricity for pumping, and takes on produced electricity. Ratio of electricity for pumping / electricity obtained in this arrangement is cca 1:3. 9

10 Main technical characteristics Basic technical characteristics Basic data Number of generator sets: 2 Turbine: Nominal power (MW): Francis reversible 2x220 Nominal flow(m 3 /s): 2x112,50 Technical minimum (GWh): 140 Total 84 % average yearly production (GWh): 400 energy from 1m 3 of water(kwh): water needed for 1kWh (m 3 /s): 0,52-0,55 1,92-1,82 10

11 Main technical characteristics Flows, reservoir, head height average yearly flow (m 3 /s): reservoir capacity (mil. m 3 ) total: 7.23 Usable capacity: 6.47 mrtav prostor: 0.76 Ectrical energy capability of 3.40 reserovir (GWh): reservoirlevel maximum: (m.n.m.) average: minimum: tail-race level (m): 3.00 gross head heght (m) maximum: average: minimum:

12 Trebisnjica river basin 12

13 Trebisnjica power plants profile Hydrosystem Trebisnjica Longitudinal profile 13

14 Neretva river basin 14

15 Position in company s portfolio - energy POWER PLANTS SHARE IN TOTAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION - EPHZHB HPP Jajce 2 9% HPP Peć-Mlini 4% HPP Mostarsko blato 8% HPP Rama 39% HPP Jajce 1 13% HPP Mostar 15% PHPP Čapljina 12% 15

16 Position in company s portfolio - power POWER PLANTS SHARE IN INSTALLED CAPACITY EP HZHB HPP Jajce 1 7.2% HPP Jajce 2 3.6% HPP Mostarsko Blato 7.2% HPP Peć-Mlini 3.6% HPP Rama 19.2% HPP Mostar 8.7% PHPP Čapljina 50.5 % 16

17 Monthly production PRODUCTION EPHZHB I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total GWh HE Rama CHE Čapljina HE Mostar HE Jajce HE Jajce HE Peć-Mlini HE Mostarsko Blato TOTAL

18 Operation of PHPP from Power Power Number of hours Power Power Numberof of hours 18

19 PHPP Capljina pumping regime From to total number of pumping regime starts was 1621, averaging around 125 pumping cycles/year Since until today pumping regime is greatly reduced. Main reasons being:: High fees for hydro reservoirs and flooded land 8.18 EUR/MWh. Fee is paid for every MWh produced, even in the cases when the water in the upper reservoir is obtained by pumping. With low energy price, tariff for transmission, ISO and system services, which is paid for electricity consumed, is relatively high -5,82 EUR/MWhfor profitable production for energy market. 19

20 PHPP Capljina voltage/reactive power regulation Identification of voltages exceeding mandatory voltage ranges on the BIH transmission network study, ISO October 2010 Technical and economical aspects of the voltage regulation as ancillary (system) service identification and recovery of voltages exceeding mandatory voltage ranges on BIH transmission network EIHP study, 2012 PHPP Čapljinais a multipurpose production unit which can be used for regulation of voltage / reactive power flows Between pumping and turbine mode, depending on the situation in the system, the plant can operate in the compensation mode which can be in over and under excitation with MVArper generator unit It is rarely used in the compensation regime mainly because there is no financial compensation of such work SERC s decision from January 2016 on tariffs for system and ancillary services stipulated usage of reactive power on transmission system setting the tariff for excessive take-on of reactive power from the transmission network to zero (0) /kvar 20

21 PHPP Capljina voltage/reactive power regulation (2) Played a key role in resynchronization of I and II UCTE zones in Operating in the compensation regime lowered voltages of 400 kv busbarsin RP Trebinjefrom 426 to 410 which allowed switching on of the 400 kv Trebinje Podgoricapower line and establishment of the united UCTE system. 21

22 PHPP Capljina voltage/reactive power regulation(3) Recorded voltages on main transmission nodes in BIH in 2015: Substation Mostar 4 Busbars Maximum recorded voltage (kv) Number of hours above allowed value (h) Percentage of time above the allowed value (%) 400 kv 441, kv 249, , kv 441, ,78 Trebinje Tuzla 4 Sarajevo 10 Banja Luka 220 kv 252, , kv 125, , kv 435, , kv 249, , kv 437, kv 124, , kv 431, , kv 124, ,88 22

23 PHPP Capljina voltage/reactive power regulation(4) Study (EIHP 2012) states that the total amount of compensation for generators for their ability to compensate reactive power is around 5.5 million (1.5 for ability to operate in capacitive area and 4 million for inductive area) If the remuneration is used just for capacitive operation, which can solve the high voltage problems in the long term, 1.5 million should be collected for this service If only PHPP Capljinais used for this, the total cost of the service of compensation of reactive power and synchronous compensation of this power plant is estimated do 1 million /year: reactive power cost of active power, or losses in compensation mode Compensation mode of PHPP Capljina is estimated to 470,000 : losses of active power compensation of reactive power 23

24 PHPP Capljina tertiary control Tertiary control in BIH is obtained on the market since BIH signed an agreement on the control block level about joint tertiary control. This contract reduced necessary tertiary control for the BIH system from 250 to 184 MW. Average price for capacity for Tertiary control upward obtained on the market was EUR/MW/h Price cap for positive tertiary control energy price was 200 EUR until 1. July and 243,14 EUR from 1. July PHPP Capljinahas not offered capacity to the market Very high technical minimum of the plant 140 MW, so with the current rules it cannot offer capacity on its own, needs aggregation on the company or higher level Certain period of time (24 48 h) would be needed between consecutive engagement PHPP Capljinaused to offer reserve for other operators outside BIH gaining a good price ISO shall not allow any producer to sell tertiary control to other TSOs until necessary tertiary control is provided for BIH system (Grid code article ) 24

25 Tertiary control volume and price of upward energy in BIH in , , ,00 MW ,00 /MWh Volume (MWh) Average price ( /MWh) ,00 0 0,00 25

26 PHPP Capljina black start capability Black start capability means the capability of recovery of a power-generating module from a total shutdown through a dedicated auxiliary power source without any electrical energy supply external to the power-generating facility. (RfG Regulation EU 2016/631) Generating units with a black-start capability shall provide this service at their own expense (Article 30 Tariff pricing methodology for services of electricity transmission, independent system operator and ancillary services) ISO issued a Study on Black start in 2009 identifying units that are capable and suitable for this service 26

27 PHPP Capljina black start capability(2) Study established these criteria: Voltage level of power plant (ability to send the voltage to a customer node without further transformation, 110 kv is preferred voltage) Technical minimum (lower technical minimum allows faster transition to the permanent operation) Ability to start the power plant without extern voltage (installed diesel or auxiliary generator) Power of the external source (diesel or auxiliary generator) Auxiliary power of the power plan (whether auxiliary sources can cover auxiliary power needs) Vicinity and load of the consumption points Ability of operation between 0 and P min PHPP Capljina is not identified as a generation unit with black start capability 27

28 Conclusions PHPP Capljina is not adequately utilized in the power system Operation of the PHPP greatly depends of the market design, network and system tariff settings, operational agreements, size of the system Network, system, environmental and other charges for pumping regime with generally low energy price reduce profitability of selling at energy markets PHPP Capljina should use opportunity to sell tertiary reserve Reactive power compensation should be financially remunerated Operational agreements with other companies should be used for better utilization Block or regional wide usage of resources should be beneficial 28

29 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! W Web: