Cultural Heritage for Local Economic Development

Transcription

1 Cultural Heritage for Local Economic Development Good Practice from the Western Balkans World Bank - ECSSD The WB has significant experience supporting Cultural Heritage in ECA, and while the future is uncertain, a lot has been learned Track Record Impact Lessons Learned : 17 Projects focus physical heritage restoration Many incorporated a CDD approach Human capital and institutional development Urban Revitalization Income and Employment Growth Conservation, LED, and Tourism Synergies Multiplier Effects of Conservation Projects Importance of Decentralization 1

2 It was decided to examine the synergy between LED and Cultural Heritage in more depth by focusing on the Western Balkans Opportunity Italian Trust Fund CMU & Client Interest Rational Rich Heritage Social Cohesion Deliverables Technical Notes Workshop Outcome Lending Operation Policy Change The study adopted an innovative approach, focusing on good practice in building a local development strategy Diagnosing the economic potential of cultural heritage Identifying Building and enabling designing and collaborative institutions suitable investments and TA Identifying and Designing Suitable Invesements and TA 2

3 A number of sites were selected with different heritage attributes across the Western Balkans Albania Gjirokastra Butrint Historic City National Park Montengro Kotor Cetijne Historic Port City Historic Town Bosnia- Herzegovina Banja Luka (RS) Mostar (B&H) Historic City and Region Historic Old town and Bridge Serbia Sremski Karovic Raska District Historic Town Important Cultural Region The study methodology combined economic (top-down, data-driven) and social assessment (bottum-up, people led) Top-down, data drive Economic Analysis Bottum-Up, People led Social Assessment Multiplier effect Value Chain GIS Institutional Analysis Stakeholder Asset Mapping Analysis SWOT ANALYSIS Policy Recommendations 3

4 The top-down, data-drive analysis conducted in Serbia, helped identify the broad economic potential of cultural heritage in different sites Tourism Indicators - Tourism as a source of revenue - Tourism Numbers - Tourist Infrastructure Tourism Magnets Belgrade, Novi Sad, Raska, Uzice, and Vrnjacka Banja. Industry Indicators - Industry Concentration - Location Quotients - Industry Performance Industry Centers Zlatibor and Raska. 4

5 The bottum-up, people driven assessment conducted on the ground in Kotor, Montenegro helped Identify local challenges and opportunities Stakeholders Consulted: City Tourist Board, NGOs, Academics, Municipality Regional Institute Assets Mapped: Museums, Historic Properties, Unique Archetecture, Cultural Events, Artisan Skills SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats -Good Infrastructure -Preserved Medieval town -Experience with CH Projects -Relatively isolated -Weak cultural industries -Dearth of skilled artisans -Maritime Transport -International funding - Agreesive marketing - Ageing pop -Tourist fluctuations - Heritage laws not implemented Creating the right institutional environment is contingent on enabling national legislation, and collaborative bottom-up arrangements Enabling Legislative & Organizational Framework A legal framework dedicated to the preservation of cultural heritage A legal framework for related sectors and issues e.g. tourism, urban planning A integrated multilevel (national-regional-local) organizational framework for decision making on cultural heritage Collaborative & Bottom-up Arrangements Devolve decision making down: local government, regional government, deconcentrated arms of central government New dedicated institutions Ensure transparency and participation Engage multiple actors in decision making 5

6 Albania provides some examples of an emerging legislative and organizational framework to promote cultural heritage Legislative Framework Organizational Framework Cultural Heritage Laws - Regional Directorates - revitalization & reinvestment - national comittees Tourism Laws - Sustainability & participation - National Tourism Agency - local tourist strategies MTCYS Directorate of Cultural Heritage Regional Directorates - Revitalization - designated houses Auxiliary Bodies Key Challenges -Unclear capacity of RD s -Revitalization and re-use of sites still controled by specialist institutions -Tourism law implementation requires sig funding and coordination -Limited funding for all cultural heritage institutions The Gjirokastra Conservation and Development Organization in Albania typifies Collaborative and Bottom-Up Arrangements Gjirokastra Conservation and Development Organization has developed international level capacity This organization has worked in partnership with groups such as the UNDP, Heritage Without Borders, and the Albanian Institute of Monuments Projects promoted by this NGO include: Improvements to Gjirokastra castle Artisan development (with UNDP) A detailed Conservation Master Plan (with University of Pennsylvania) A Tourist Information Center Challenge not necessarily working in concert with local government 6

7 Based on the analysis conducted, a range of different TA and Investment support were identified Technical Assistance Sustainable Conservation Plans Urban-Regional Planning International Designations Branding and promotion Linking sites / creating clusters Investment Support Upgrading Access infrastructure Invest in small businesses Urban Revitalization Basic Service Provision Creating new tourism products Market Research & Visitor Surveys 7