SEE PhytoChemNet Workshop, Albanian Network for PGR, An overview of the flora and genetic resources of medicinal and aromatic plants in Albania

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SEE PhytoChemNet Workshop, Albanian Network for PGR, An overview of the flora and genetic resources of medicinal and aromatic plants in Albania Dr.

1 SEE PhytoChemNet Workshop, Albanian Network for PGR, An overview of the flora and genetic resources of medicinal and aromatic plants in Albania Dr. Alban Ibraliu Assistant Professor Head of Crop Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana Web page: Plovdiv, May 2013

2 The Agricultural University of Tirana (AUT) is the unique center for undergraduate and graduate studies, scientific research, training and extension in the area of agriculture and food (Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Protection, Economy and Agrarian Policy, Agro-environment and Ecology, Agro-food Technology, Animal Husbandry and Business, Aquaculture and Fishery Management, Forestry Engineering, Veterinary Medicine etc.).

3 Albanian Gen Bank at Agricultural University of Tirana, established in 1996, is National Coordinator Institutions for PGR. National Network of PGR is active ( AGB ad AUT researchers, ATTC centres and local focal points)

Code: ALB017; Institute: Albania Gene Bank, Accessions: 2111 Accessions

Accessions summary by genus: Nr Genus Accessions 1 Aegilops 34 2

8 Matricaria 9 9 Ocimum 8 10 Origanum 78 11 Prunus 66 12 Punica 13 13

5 Code: ALB017; Institute: Albania Gene Bank, Accessions: 2111 Accessions summary by genus: ALBANIA NATIONAL INVENTORY (EURISCO) for MAP and CWR: Accessions summary by genus: Nr Genus Accessions 1 Aegilops 34 2 Corylus 5 3 Hordeum 2 4 Sideritis 4 5 Juniperus 5 6 Malus 6 7 Mentha 2 8 Matricaria 9 9 Ocimum 8 10 Origanum Prunus Punica Vaccinium Rubus 1 15 Salvia Satureja Thymus 44 Totali 489 5

A high landscape variation A favorite climate conditions, land of subtropical climate to continental climate inland of area. Geographic position in Mediterranean regional and in Balkan Peninsula.

6 A high landscape variation A favorite climate conditions, land of subtropical climate to continental climate inland of area. Geographic position in Mediterranean regional and in Balkan Peninsula. The differences of horizon and lands Albania has a very rich flora with 3250 plant species or about 30 % of European Flora. (Flora of Albania, No ) 30 endemic species and about 180 subendemic species. (The Red Book. Flora. 1995) It is important to give a special value in our Flora, to rare species, endangered species and relict species too (10 % of Albanian Flora). (The Red Book. Flora. 1995) Kjo pasuri me vlera kombetare duhet ruajtur dhe perdorur me shume kujdes dhe realisht duhet te trajtohet si pjese e trashegimise sone biokulturore e krijuar ne shekuj e shekuj me radhe.

Albania has favorable geographic conditions and climatic conditions for growth

More then 300 species are identified as aromatic/medical plants in our flora,

Medicinal and aromatic plants play an important role in everyday life in

7 Albania has favorable geographic conditions and climatic conditions for growth and development of MAP. More then 300 species are identified as aromatic/medical plants in our flora, which represent great interest for their high economic and scientific values Medicinal and aromatic plants play an important role in everyday life in Albania; many people using phytomedicines plants and herbal teas. 20 medicinal and aromatic plants are included in National Red Data Book.

13 Satureja montana Trumeza/Savory mountain Sideritis roeseri - Caj Mali/Albanian Tea Gentiana lutea - Sanzi/ Great Yellow Gentian Colchicum autumnale Xhirokulli/ Meadow Saffron Origanum vulgare Rigoni i bardhe/ Wild Marjoran Salvia officinalis Sherebela/Common Sage Source: MoAF, 2001

15 Vendndodhja Komuna Rrethi Zona fitoklimatike Bargullas (Bogovë) Skrapar III (1200 m) Çermenikë Librazhd III (1900 m) Fusha e Çajupit Gjirokastër III (1500 m) Gropa e Shkëmbit (Mali i Polisit) Elbasan III (1500 m) Guri i Llëngës (Mali i Valamarës) Pogradec III (1600 m) Kapinovë (Skrapar) Skrapar III (1000 m) Kashisht Tepelenë II Kreshovë Kolonjë III (1100 m) Kreu i Polisit Elbasan III (1300 m) Leusë Përmet II Llogara Vlorë III Mali i Çikës Vlorë III (1500 m) Mali i Jabllanicës Librazhd III (1700 m) Mali i Kudhësit Vlorë III (1910 m) Mali i Nemërçkës Përmet III (1700 m) Mali i Tomorit Gramsh III-IV ( m) Mali i Zebës Kukës III (1850 m) Milec Kolonjë III (1100 m) Pylli i Nikolicës Korçë III (1400 m) Qafa e Qorres Vlorë III (1300 m) Qëndrovicë Vlorë III (1600 m) Rehovë Alban Ibraliu Kolonjë II 15

16 The areas of Origanum vulgare in Albania

17 No. Name of district area (ha) Biomass Production (ton) 1 Berati Diber Durres Elbasan Fier Gjirokastres Korca Kukes Lezhe Shkoder Tirana 92 8

18 The areas of Satureja montana in Albania

19 No. Name of district area (ha) Biomass Production (ton) 1 Berati Diber Durres Elbasan Fier Gjirokastres Korca Kukes Lezhe Shkoder Tirana Source: Vlore MoAF, 2004

20 We, primarily focus on monitoring, collecting and study of genetic diversity of wild M.A.P. 20

21 Regional Project Conservation and characterization of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) wild populations in Europe, , financed by Biodiversity International.. Regional Project Genetic Structure of Dalmatian Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Populations: A Model for a Collaborative Research on MAP Genetic Resources, , financed by SEEDNet Regional Project Inventory of local populations of Yellow Gentiana (Gentiana lutea L.) in South-Eastern Europe, , financed by SEEDNet. Collecting and chemical structure of wild population of Sidertis roeseri in Gramozi mauntain. Cooperation AUT and Institute Josif Pancic Collecting and Study of genetic diversity of Salvia officinalis in North of Albania, cooperation AUT and Pharmacy Faculty of Skopje Collecting and Chemical structure of Vacinium myrtillus in Albania. Cooperation AUT and Institute Josif Pancic Study of genetic diversity of Origanum vulgare in Albania. (we just starting a breeding programme to Origanum). Cooperation AUT and Pharmacy Faculty of Skopje Regional Project Strengthening the Regional Scientific-Research Potential by Studying Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from the Sharr/Šar and Korab Mountains, partners:austria, Kosovo, Albania and Macedonia 21

22 Medicinal and aromatic plants play an important role in everyday life in Albania. The MAPs are highly exploited by uncontrolled harvests which people carry out for own consume or to sell most of the production of those species (seeds, leaves, flowers etc,) in markets. Harvesting techniques may often exacerbate the threat to medicinal and aromatic plants, by causing unnecessary levels of damage, as in the cases of Sideritis roeseri and Salvia officinalis, where uprooting of the whole plant to use only aerial parts of the plant causes unnecessary depletion of population levels of the species, as well as damage to the top-soil. The loss of genetic diversity in some species is in e very critical level. 22

23 National coordination National strategy and policy Management plans Protected zones and Biosphere Reserve areas Traceability of MAP Study and collecting of natural popualtion of MAP 23

24 React and act Before too late For future generations For future resources

25 Alban Ibraliu 25

Nordic/ECPGR Joint Workshop

Nordic/ECPGR Joint Workshop THE CURRENT SITUATION OF CWR IN ALBANIA ALBAN IBRALIU AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY OF TIRANA 19-22 September 2016, Vilnius, Lithuania Albania 2 Population (2015): 4.000 000 Area