Asia-Pacific Economic Statistics Week Seminar Component Bangkok, 2 4 May 2016

Transcription

1 Name of author: Bimlesh Krishna Organization: Fiji Bureau Of Statistics Asia-Pacific Economic Statistics Week Seminar Component Bangkok, 2 4 May 2016 Contact address: Ratu Sukuna House, Mac Arthur Street, Suva, Fiji Contact phone: bkrishna@statsfiji.gov.fj Title of Paper: Fiji s Tourism Satellite Accounts

2 I. Contents I. Contents... 2 II. Introduction... 3 III. Fiji s Tourism Satellite... 4 A. Types of Tourists Tourist International Tourist Domestic Tourist... 4 B. TSA Tables for Fiji... 5 C. General Steps for compilations... 5 D. Calculating tourism expenditure... 6 IV. Conclusion V. References... 14

3 II. Introduction The Tourism industry in Fiji has been rapidly growing and developing providing a major source for foreign exchange earnings and employment. In recent years, tourism industry has been the single largest foreign exchange earner. Given the growing importance of the industry, relatively little is known about the tourism industry as it is not captured explicitly in the Gross Domestic Product. The Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) compiled for Fiji, shows the impact of tourism on the economy through numerical measurement. The first TSA report published in November 2006 by the Ministry of Trade & Tourism as a pilot project for 1995 was seen as a breakthrough in placing the measurement of tourism as an economic phenomenon within the mainstream of Fiji s Macroeconomic Statistics. Following the 1995, 2002 TSA which was published in August Both reports were comparable allowing analysis of the influence of tourism on the Fijian economy over time. Following that, 2008 TSA report was published by the Bureau in December FBOS surveys and data collection allowed a high quality estimate to be produced for The Tourism Satellite Account 2008 incorporates the new industry classification, Fiji Standard Industrial Classification 2010 (FSIC 2010), which better represents the current economy. The current TSA was selected for the year The total tourism expenditure for Fiji s TSA is grouped under two main headings: 1. Expenditure by international visitors, and 2. Expenditure by domestic tourists. The domestic tourist expenditure includes three sub- groups: a. Household tourism expenditure b. Government travel expenditure, and c. Business travel expenditure.

4 III. Fiji s Tourism Satellite A. Types of Tourists 1. Tourist A tourist is any person travelling to a place other than their usual environment for less than 12 months. It should be noted that not all travelers, person moving from one place to another, are tourists. The following types of travelers are not considered tourists: 1. Persons such as travelling salespersons for whom travel is an intrinsic part of their job. 2. Persons who travel for the purpose of being admitted to, or detained in, a residential facility, such as hospital, prison or long stay care. 3. Persons travelling as part of a shift to a new permanent location. 4. Persons undertaking military duties. 5. Persons travelling between two types of their usual environment. 2. International Tourist An international tourist is a person who travels to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, and outside their usual environment. While travelling, they do not stay in any one place for more than 12 months. 3. Domestic Tourist Domestic tourists are Fijian residents who travel within Fiji but outside their usual environment. While travelling they do not stay in any one place for more than 12 months. There are 3 different categories of domestic tourists: 1. Household Tourist 2. Government Traveler 3. Business Traveler

5 B. TSA Tables for Fiji 1. Tourism Expenditure by type of tourist and product 2. Production Account by Industry 3. Sales by industry and tourism products 4. Tourism Product Ratio 5. Tourism Industry Ratio 6. Tourism Value Added 7. Direct Tourism Employment & Compensation of Employees 8. Gross Fixed Capital Formation C. General Steps for compilations Step 1: Tourism expenditure by type of product and type of tourist is calculated in Table 1 and then carried on to Table 4. Step 2: Total output of each tourism characteristics and related industry is published in Table 2. This table shows the components of GDP by production approach, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital and gross operating surplus. Step 3: Total output of each tourism-characteristic and tourism-related industry presented in Table 2 is then disaggregated into tourism products in Table 3. This provides the total supply of each industry classified by products. The total supply classified by products is carried forward to Table 4. Step 4: The tourism product ratio for each product is summarized in Table 4. The ratios are obtained by dividing the value of total tourism expenditure (demand) by total supply.

6 Step 5: Each industry s supply by product given in Table 3 is multiplied by the tourism product ratio to calculate the tourism supply by industry. Table 5 presents tourism supply for tourism-characteristics, related and all other industries. Step 6: Tourism supply in Table 5 is then divided by total output in Table 3 to give tourism industry ratios the proportion of each industry s total output that is purchased by tourists. Step 7: The tourism industry ratios are multiplied through each industry s production account given in Table 2 to obtain total tourism value-added. Table 6 presents total tourism value-added resulting from tourismcharacteristics, related and all other industries. D. Calculating tourism expenditure (Tourism Demand)

7 The table above presents tourism expenditure by type of product and type of tourist. Expenditure by the four types of tourist can be calculated as described in the following section. International tourism expenditure The main data source for international tourism is Fiji s Earnings from Tourism and Trade in Services release published by Fiji Bureau of Statistics supplemented by the Ministry of Tourism s International Visitor Survey (IVS). The expenditures are disaggregated/split using break down from the balanced supply and use table and IVS. Household tourism expenditure The Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) provided household consumption expenditure data, generally at the required level. Government travel expenditure The supply and use table (SUT) provides the product level information for government travel. Business travel expenditure Business travel expenditure was extracted from SUT. The SUT estimate for business travel is built on the 16 annual establishment reports published by Fiji Bureau of Statistics.

8 Table 2: Table 2 of Fiji s TSA report is the simplest and easiest to compile as the information is readily available with the National Accountants. The establishment unit collects and compiles 16 industrial reports on an annual basis. The report provides information on Gross Output, Intermediate Cost, Value Added, Compensation of employees, Consumption of fixed capital and Operating surplus by activity (ISIC Rev 4.0) within the industry. The reports also provide breakdowns of Gross Output by primary sales and other income which enables the team to easily compile Table 3 as shown below.

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10 After which the Tourism product ratios are calculated by simply dividing the total demand over total supply by products.

11 These ratios are then applied to the Sales Table to obtain Tourism Industry Ratio as shown below:

12 These Tourism industry ratios are then applied to the Total Industry Macro Aggregates as shown below: Similar steps are taken to calculate the Tourism Employment and Gross Fixed Capital Formation.

13 IV. Conclusion The Fiji Bureau of Statistics (FBoS) compiles a Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) on an ad hoc basis in order to better understand the true size and value of Fiji s tourism industry. The task is challenging given the wide range of economic activities associated with the tourism industry so data from various sources have been used to derive the required estimates. FBoS is already exploring other data sources for the next TSA compilation exercise as we work towards improving the measurement of Fiji s tourism industry. The Fiji TSA is a standard statistical framework and the main tool for the economic measurement of tourism. It calculates the values of tourism in such a way that allows it to be compared with other economic indicators and with tourism elsewhere.

14 V. References 1. World Tourism Organization (2010). Tourism Satellite Accounts: The Conceptual Framework, Luxembourg, Madrid, New York, Paris, World Tourism Organization (2014), Compendium of Tourism Statistics.