Developing Environmental Measures for Tourism in the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia

Transcription

1 Developing Environmental Measures for Tourism in the Kingdome of Saudi Arabia Sixth UNWTO International Conference on Tourism Statistics MEASURING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM Manilla, Philippines, June 2017 scta.gov.sa sauditourism.com.sa mas.gov.sa Main Data Sources for Tourism in the KSA Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) Tourism The TSA journey in KSA started in 2004 Supply Demand Accommodation Tourism Establishments Outbound Inbound Domestic TSA 9 Tables out of TSA-RMF 10 Tables 2 1

2 The State of Covering the Statistical Domains of the MST in KSA key statistical domains Description Availability in KSA 1 Visitor movements Visitors numbers 2 Tourism activity and expenditure Information on main products including output, consumption (including by type of consumer domestic, international, household, business, type of event), exports, imports 3 Tourism characteristic industries - Business demographics such as size, ownership, location - Information on output, tourism share, value added, capital stock 4 Tourism employment Employment Volume and Characteristics 5 Environmental flows - Water and wastewater - Energy - Solid waste - GHG Emissions Pilot Measures 6 Environmental assets Land use and land cover - Extent and condition of natural environments supporting tourism activities (e.g. beaches and coastal areas, marine areas, national parks, rivers and waterways, ski-fields). - Air quality, water quality - Ecosystem services supporting tourism activity - Visitor and tourism impact NA Under discussion with GaStat 7 Expenditure on environmental protection Expenditure on environmental protection and other environmentally related flows (taxes, subsidies, etc) NA 8 9 Tourism infrastructure and TGFCF Special measurement issues Tourism infrastructure (including e.g. walking trails, etc) and capital formation in tourism industries - Treatment of transport, especially international/cross border - Seasonality - Attribution of environmental flows to visitors Partially TSA-table 8 Partially Tourism Flows seasonality 3 1 Data Sources Accommodation Survey Tourism Establishments Survey Inbound & Domestic Tourism Surveys Secondary Data (Ministry of Environment Water & Agriculture and Saudi Electricity Company) Methodology Identifying two main types of commercial accommodation in the KSA (Hotels & Apartments); Determining Guest Numbers as well as Guest Night Sold; Determining Intermediate Consumption on: Fuel Electricity Water Converting the monetary Intermediate Consumption (Energy & Water) into quantities/flows; Calculating the consumption of Energy & Water by Domestic and Inbound Tourists in the Commercial Accommodation Services. 4 2

3 Determining Guest Numbers & Guest Night Sold Commercial Accommodation, 2016 Guests Guest Nights Sold Domestic International Total Domestic International Total 49,131,438 35,013,362 84,144, ,338, ,235, ,573,493 Determining Intermediate Consumption on Energy & Water Commercial Accommodation: Energy & Water Intermediate Consumption, 2016 (000 SR) Consumption During 2016 (000 SR) Fuel 134,582 Electricity 661,715 Water 125,174 5 Converting the monetary Intermediate Consumption(Energy & Water) into quantities Energy and Water Saudi Tariffs in the KSA, 2016 Fuel Electricity Water Tariffs SR 0.45 per liter SR 0.3 per kwh SR 6 per cubic meter Commercial Accommodation: Energy & Water Flows, 2016 Total flows Average Consumption per Guest Average consumption per Night Fuel million liter 3.6 Liter/Guest 1.1 Liter/Guest/night Electricity 2,206 million Kwh 26.2 kwh/guest 8.4 kwh/guest/night Water 20.9 million cubic meter 0.25 m 3 /Guest 0.08 m 3 /Guest/night 6 3

4 Calculating the consumption of Energy & Water by Domestic and Inbound Tourists in the. Guests (Tourists) Guest Nights Sold (Tourists) Commercial Accommodation, 2016 Domestic Inbound Total Domestic Inbound Total 32,804,713 14,172,136 46,976, ,618, ,661, ,280,547 Energy & Water of tourists in the in KSA, 2016 Inbound Tourism Consumption Domestic Tourism Consumption Total Tourism Consumption Fuel million liter million liter million liter Electricity 1,156 million Kwh 1,324 million Kwh 2,480 million Kwh Water 11.0 million m million m million m 3 7 Conclusion and Recommendations Countries that have A TSA are already covering around 50% of the Key statistical domains of the MST (e.g. data on Visitor movements, Tourism activity and expenditure, Tourism characteristic industries, Tourism employment); The pervious showed KSA experience examines partially some environmental impacts of tourism, however it does not provide a Statistical Framework for the MST; A very important question needs to be addressed is: How can a country provide environmental measurers for tourism based on the TSA when it does not have environmental accounts (SEEA)? 8 4

5 Conclusion and Recommendations A pilot study is required to answer the previous question; More efforts are needed to encourage the National Statistical Authorities to develop the SEEA and linking it to TSA; Multi-stakeholder partnerships are to be developed for facing the new data challenges for the MST. 9 A tip of the hat... to Ahmad Ragab and Scott Meis Developing environmental performance measures for tourism using a Tourism Satellite Accounts approach: a pilot study of the accommodation industry in Egypt, 2016, Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 10 5

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