Research on Fault Tolerant Controls within GARTEUR

Transcription

1 Research on Fault Tolerant Controls within GARTEUR Hafid Smaili National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Training, Human Factors and Cockpit Operations Department Flight Mechanics, Systems and Integration Action Group FM (AG-16) CXXX-1A

2 Presentation Overview Introduction Recent Incidents and Accidents Aircraft accident investigation Flight 1862 FM(AG16) Benchmark FM(AG16) fault tolerant control methods Conclusions CXXX-2A

3 Introduction GROUP FOR AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY IN EUROPE Aircraft control related incidents/accidents Pilot error Weather Systems Aircraft operating in high-risk mission operational environments Civil/Military transports External threats and crisis areas CXXX-3A

4 Introduction GROUP FOR AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY IN EUROPE GARTEUR Action Group FM-AG16 ( ) Addressing the new operational environment Improving flight safety and economics of flight Assess potential of selected FTC methods European cooperation 1 Industry partner 4 Research Institutions 6 Universities CXXX-4A

5 Recent Incidents and Accidents March 21, 1992, Boeing CH Freighter - Separation engines no. 3 and 4 - Successful emergency landing December 29, 1991, B Freighter - Separation engines no. 3 and 4 - Aircraft went down CXXX-5A

6 Recent Incidents and Accidents March 31, 1993, B Freighter - Separation engine no. 2 - Successful emergency landing CXXX-6A

7 Recent Incidents and Accidents October 21, 2004, B Freighter Separation engine no. 1 Successful emergency landing CXXX-7A

8 Recent Incidents and Accidents November 22, 2003, Airbus A300B4-203F Freighter Hit by surface-to-air missile Successful emergency landing CXXX-8A

9 Recent Incidents and Accidents October 4, 1992, EL AL B F Freighter, Flight 1862 Multiple right wing engine separation Aircraft went down into the Amsterdam Bijlmermeer, 13 km east of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport CXXX-9A

10 Recent Incidents and Accidents Flight 1862 failure configuration Control Surface Lost 50% Hinge Moment Loss / Half Trim Rate CXXX-10A

11 CXXX-11A

12 Aircraft accident investigation Flight 1862 Flight reconstruction Setup Based on Inverse Simulation Principle CXXX-12A

13 Aircraft accident investigation Flight 1862 EL AL Flight 1862 Leg 2 / Flaps up EL AL Flight 1862 Control Wheel Position (deg) FDRS DFDR Control Wheel Position (deg) Time (s) Time Reconstructed Control Wheel Deflection (Without Aerodynamic Estimates) Reconstructed Control Wheel Deflection (Including Aerodynamic Estimates) CXXX-13A

14 Aircraft accident investigation Flight 1862 EL AL Flight 1862 Leg 2 / Flaps up EL AL Flight FDRS DFDR Roll Angle (deg) Roll Angle (deg) Time (s) Reconstructed Roll Angle (Without Aerodynamic Estimates) Tim Reconstructed Roll Angle (Including Aerodynamic Estimates) CXXX-14A

15 FM(AG16) Benchmark Detailed simulation model of B developed for the Bijlmermeer investigation Validated against accident flight data Adapted/extended for the AG-16 benchmark fault generator scenario generator assessment criteria evaluation autoflight system separate control surfaces CXXX-15A

16 FM(AG16) Benchmark Failure cases Stuck or erroneous elevator Stuck or erroneous aileron Elevator/stabiliser runaway Stuck, erroneous or rudder runaway Loss of vertical tail surface Engine separation + resulting structural damage CXXX-16A

17 FM(AG16) Benchmark normal flight failure initial recovery parameter identification straight flight right-hand turn final approach glideslope intercept localizer intercept The overall goal is to prove safe landing at a nearby airfield CXXX-17A

18 FM(AG16) Benchmark failures Benchmark generator Modern Controller 30 controls FBW Aircraft Sensors Simulation environment for modern controller implementation CXXX-18A

19 FM(AG16) fault tolerant control methods Robust Same controller deals with range of conditions Adaptive Controller structure fixed Parameters respond to track changes in aircraft Fault-tolerant / reconfigurable Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) Actuator/sensor status feedback Controller re-designed on the fly CXXX-19A

20 FM(AG16) fault tolerant control methods Benchmark challenges the AG16 partners Hull / Brunel: Analytic redundancy Lille: Analytic redundancy, Control re-allocation Leicester: Sliding modes Aalborg: Interacting Multiple models Cambridge: Model Predictive Control (MPC) Delft / NLR: MPC + Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion QinetiQ: Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion DLR: Least-order filter design CIRA: Trim analysis of nonlinear model (previous presentation) CXXX-20A

21 Conclusions GROUP FOR AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY IN EUROPE Airplane operations shift into new operational environment Civil/military operations in potentially high-risk mission environments (external threats / crisis areas) GARTEUR FM(AG16) addresses new operational environment Providing challenging research environment to assess potential technological solutions CXXX-21A

22 Meanwhile at a bus stop in Toulouse. CXXX-22A