Aircraft Systems and 4D Trajectory Management

Transcription

1 Aircraft Systems and 4D Trajectory Management September 2012 David De Smedt EUROCONTROL 1

2 i4d concept (SESAR) Share and synchronise airborne and ground trajectory Flying to time constraints to optimize sequences as defined by ATC 2

3 RTA example 3

4 Avionics Requirements for i4d EUROCAE WG85 / SC227, defining the worldwide standard for aircraft requirements on RNP & 4D Navigation Annex to DO-236B / ED-75B Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) EUROCAE WG78 / RTCA SC214 defining the worldwide standard for Advanced ATS Data Communication OSED Operational Services & Environment Definition INTEROP - Interoperability Requirements Standard SPR - Safety and Performance Requirements OSA - Operational Safety Assessment 4

5 Current requirements for ETA ETA = Estimate Time or Arrival ETA is an optional functionality (but required for RTA) ETA shall be available for each point in the flight plan ETA computation updated periodically and at any flight plan or forecast change Note: no definition of periodically Maximum error of ETA at a fix shall be less than 1% of the time of flight remaining to that fix, for the entered conditions and flight plan. Note: means perfect conditions (no forecast errors) ETA display resolution: 1 minute 5

6 ETA error example ETA error versus time to go 300 ETA error (seconds) Time to go (min.) ETA error DO-236B requirement (no meteo error) ETA error (10kts wind error, average Groundspeed 300kts) 6

7 Current requirements for RTA Optional functionality Accuracy +/- 30 seconds, 95% of the time Note: 95% undefined At least 1 RTA point in the flight plan (single flight plan fix), either on ground or flight Available climb, cruise and descent RTA entry and display resolution: 0.1 minute Time source synchronized with UTC is required (preferred that equipment is synchronised to UTC from external sources, such as GPS) Availability determined solely by the flight time to go to the RTA fix and aircraft performance 7

8 New proposed ETA/RTA requirements After initial ETA calculation, the system shall refresh the ETA calculation at least once every 60 seconds If time constraint is within the corresponding ETA min/max interval at the time of entry, the system shall be able to meet the required time of arrival with a 95% accuracy of : 30 seconds for en-route operations; 10 seconds for arrival operations in the terminal area Standard meteorological uncertainty Wind error < 10kts with 95% probability Temp. error < 2kts with 95% probability The system shall be able to compute an ETA min/max interval for any fix of the flight plan. 8

9 Example of ETA min/max function ETAmin-max (FL ft, initially 250NM, M0.75/282/250kts) Time (min.) Time to Go (min.) ETA max real ETA max reliable ETA ETA min reliable ETA min real 9

10 New proposed ETA/RTA requirements Accuracy requirement is expected to be met when a time constraint is combined with AT OR BELOW speed constraint(s) Display resolution of RTA, ETA at RTA waypoint and ETA min/max: 1 second Display resolution of ETA at all other fixes: 1 minute Control function shall give priority to the guidance to altitude and speed constraints compared to the control of the time constraint. Update of acceptable means of compliance to demonstrate the ETA accuracy and the Time of Arrival Control performance 10

11 Future datalink requirements Safety and Performance Requirements (SPR version I): ADS-C ATN downlink of airborne trajectory via Extended Predicted Profile (EPP) Sequence of (pseudo-) waypoints including: Latitude longitude, Fix, Level, Time, Speed, Level constraint value, RTA, Speed restriction value General data (A/C gross mass, speed schedule) ADS-C contract can be on demand, periodic or event based (EPP event type and EPP change parameters) ADS-C contract to downlink ETA min ETA max ADS-C contract to downlink meteo data New CPDLC messages CROSS [position] AT [RTAtimesec] CLEARED TO [position] VIA [routeclearanceenhanced] 11

12 CASSIS RTA Flight Trials (2009) 12

13 Current RTA capability RTA capability is today available on: Airbus aircraft with 2 nd generation FMS (Honeywell Pegasus or Thales-GE) Boeing B737NG (software U7.1 or later) Boeing B757/767 with Honeywell Pegasus FMS Boeing B777 Boeing with FANS 1A (s/w load 15) MD-90 / MD-11 with Honeywell Pegasus FMS RTA currently not available on any other aircraft types (regional, general aviation) 13

14 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% IATA EUROCONTROL Avionics Survey Available Planned Not Available FANS 1/A HFDL Headup Display (HUD) ATN - VDL Mode 2 Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) FMS WPR ADS-C FANS 1/A SatCom FANS 1/A - ACARS VDL Mode A 14 Other Multi-Function Display (MFD) fitted RNP AR Approach ADS-B OUT Fixed Radius Transition (FRT) APV Baro VNAV (LNAV - VNAV) Required Time of Arrival (RTA) ARINC 623 RNP Approach (LNAV) 8kHz33 VHF radios Fixed Radius Turn (RF) Multi Mode Receiver - MMR RNAV 10 GNSS MODE S ACARS RNAV 1 / P-RNAV RNAV 5 INS - IRS DME - DME position update Autothrust (A-THR) Autopilot - Flight Director VNAV EFIS Autopilot - Flight Director LNAV FMS Enhanced Vision System (EVS) LPV SBAS FANS 1/A - VDL Mode 2 GBAS Degree of Equipage

15 SESAR WP 9.1 Flight Test and Simulations i4d real Flight Trial Feb 2012: RTA + datalink tested MUAC and NORACON coupled (with Airbus cockpit) and non-coupled simulations with mixed traffic MUAC observations (March 2012): Datalink (ADS-C) very useful RTA increased workload of controllers uncertainty related to speed changes in RTA mode Mixed mode difficult to handle 15

16 Questions 16