Ancient Egypt. Life Along the Nile River

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Derek Porter
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1 Ancient Egypt Life Along the Nile River 2018

4 Geography How Does Geography affect the way that people live?

5 Geography- Where in the World? You are Here Streetsboro, Ohio United States of America

6 Geography- Where in the World? 1. Ancient Egypt civilization developed on the continent of Africa, located in the present day country of Egypt. 2. Egypt is located in Northern Africa. Other features surrounding Egypt include the Suez Canal, Sinai Peninsula, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Sahara Desert. 3. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. 4. The river is surrounded by a dry, desert climate.

8 Favorable Geographic Features- Why People settled on the Nile 5. The People of Ancient Egypt settled along the Nile River. The people of Egypt today, still rely on the natural resources of the Nile River. 6. Ancient Egyptians settled along the Nile River because of rich soil for growing crops (farming). Agriculture - working the land to grow crops (farming). 7. Merchants could trade and transport many resources/ products along the Nile River. In addition, people always had fresh water and could fish along the river.

Fertile River Valleys 8. The Nile is similar to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers of Ancient Mesopotamia. The rivers provided rich soil for farming. 9.

9 Fertile River Valleys 8. The Nile is similar to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers of Ancient Mesopotamia. The rivers provided rich soil for farming. 9. The flood cycle allowed silt, from the mountains, to deposit into the dry land along the river. The silt carried minerals that created rich soil, perfect for farming.

10 Satellite Image What do you observe in this image? Notice the very dry land of the Eastern and Western Desert. Notice the green along the Nile River. The Nile Delta fans out into the Mediterranean Sea. The land along the river is the only place that supported crops.

11 The Way of the Nile River 10. The Nile River's current flows NORTH into the Mediterranean Sea. The river current is the direction of the flow of water. 11. The Wind from the Mediterranean Sea blows SOUTH down the river. 12. If an Egyptian needed to travel North from Thebes to Giza, his boat would be carried by the river s current, moved faster by the work of rowers. Traveling south to get home, he would put up the sails on his boat. The Wind from the Mediterranean Sea would push the boat South- upstream, against the current, back to Thebes. ** Here is a picture to help you understand...

12 **This map can be found on page 409 in your pink textbook.

13 Rivers that Flow North

14 Let s Review! Which direction is this sailboat traveling? North or South?

15 South! If you believed the answer was South, you are correct! If a merchant wanted to travel south on the Nile, he would need to use a sail. This is because the strong current is flowing North. The sail would catch the wind from the Mediterranean Sea and push the boat South.

The mouth of the Nile River is near the Nile Delta and flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

16 Geography- Source and Mouth 13. The source of the Nile River is in the Rwenzori Mountains near southern Sudan. The source of the river is where it begins at higher elevation (above sea level). 14. The mouth of the Nile River is near the Nile Delta and flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The mouth of the river is where the river ends and flows into a larger body of water, like a Sea, Ocean, or Lake. 15. Elevation is the Source height of land above sea level. Mouth

17 Source: Rwenzori Mountains Nile River Current flowing North Mouth: Nile Delta Sea Level

18 Ancient Egypt was divided into two regions: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt Stop and think! Do you think the naming of Lower and Upper Egypt has anything to do with the Source and Mouth of the River? Elevation?

19 Upper and Lower Egypt Literally 16. Egypt was divided into two regions: (A region is an area that shares similar characteristics) a. Upper Egypt - located on the southern part of the Nile River in higher elevation. A major trading city of Thebes was located in this region. b. Lower Egypt - near the Nile Delta in Northern Africa - the land had a much lower elevation. A flood would carry silt to the land and create rich soil. A major trading city of Memphis was located in this region.

20 Source: Rwenzori Mountains Upper Egypt Lower Egypt Mouth: Nile Delta Sea Level

21 Wild Nile Part 1

22 Geography Quick Check 1. What does the green along the river represent? Fertile land or crops 2. If a merchant s boat has a sail up, which direction is he traveling? Explain why? South The merchant is using the wind s current to push them forward. 3. What are two benefits of settling near a river? People that settled near rivers had rich soil to grow crops for food. The river allowed for trade and transportation. People could catch fish for food. The river gave a fresh water source.

23 Based on the information provided in the maps, identify ONE factor of the Egyptian environment that explains the pattern of settlement in Egypt. Give one reason why that factor is important. To understand what the maps are telling us, let s look at an example of each map for Ohio.

24 Population Density is the amount of people living in a certain space. The color will represent how many people per square mile. You can have many discussions about why people populated (settled) in a certain area. On this map of OhioWhere do you see a higher population density? Why do you think it is greater in those regions?

25 A topographic map shows land features including elevation. Elevation is the height of land above sea level. Topographic Map of Ohio

26 Based on the information provided in the maps above, identify ONE factor of the Egyptian environment that explains the pattern of settlement in Egypt. Give one reason why that factor is important. One factor of the environment is that the area around the Nile River provided rich soil and resources for survival. Everywhere else was desert. This is important because people settle near the river for the resources. The population density map shows that people live around the Nile River only.

27 Nile River Rafting Photos: ndex-5.html Nile Rafting video with music National Geographic Wild Nile Egyptian Music with Slideshow pictures

Key Geographic Features

Key Geographic Features DUE 12/6/18 Name: Lesson One: Egypt Geography 6.15 On a historical map locate the Mediterranean and Red Seas, the Nile River and Delta, and the areas of ancient Nubia and Egypt. Identify the locations