Sub - Saharan Africa

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Joseph Richard
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1 Sub - Saharan Africa 4/14/2015

2 Countries with Relative Importance GDP South Africa Gabon Botswana

3 Land Size Sudan Chad Mozambique Madagascar Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire)

4 Population Nigeria Ethiopia Tanzania Kenya Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)

5 Physical Characteristics

6 Continent composed of a huge plateau and escarpment Plateau raised area of land with a generally level surface. At least one side of the plateau rises steeply above the surrounding area.

7 Escarpment a steep cliff that separates two level areas of differing elevations

8 River transportation is impeded by waterfalls and rapids

9 The location of the equator in the middle of the region provides similar climate patterns on both the North and South sides of the Equator

10 Major Climate Zones Arid Semi Arid Tropical Wet Tropical Wet and Dry

11 Smooth coastline provides few natural harbors

12 The region has a large number of landlocked countries Landlocked completely cut off from a sea and surrounded by land or other countries

13 The area is a storehouse of minerals The land of the rainforest has limited fertility in the soil because the water leaches the nutrients out Two main deserts: Kalahari and the Namib

14 Bodies of Water Nile River Zambezi River Niger River Congo River

15 Bodies of Water Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Red Sea Lake Victoria Lake Tanganyika

16 The region has many preserves and national parks

17 Economic Characteristics

18 Large percentage of the population is engaged in agriculture (primary activity) Subsistence agriculture

19 Nomadic herding

20 Slash and burn agriculture cutting down trees and vegetation to clear a field for planting. Only good for a few years before you have to do it again Depletes land of nutrients Common in rainforest

21 Plantation agriculture cash crops and food crops are raised. Cash crops: coffee, tea, sugar, peanuts, cocoa Food crops: millet, sorghum, wheat, corn

22 Crops being transported to market

23 Poorly developed infrastructure Large numbers of landlocked states

24 Substantial mineral wealth EX: diamonds, gold, alloys Major exporter of raw materials Productivity lags behind population growth

25 Wide range of per capita income in the region

26 The area is suffering from desertification. Desertification the process of destroying the grassland and other vegetation regions and having them turn into desert

27 Demographics are typical of a developing nation low per capita GDP low life expectancy High population growth rates

28 high infant mortality large percentage of the population under the age of 15 low literacy rates

29 Cultural Characteristics

30 Uneven population distribution Large numbers of refugees due to constant conflict in many countries

31 Many ethnic groups with different languages and customs Knowledge of history based through oral tradition

32 Few cities with populations over one million Some country names today are based on historical empires such as Mali Ghana Zimbabwe.

33 The diversity of Africans are reflected in their cultural heritage masks sculpture dance music jewelry colorful dress

34 African Masks

36 African Masks

38 Sculpture

39 Sculpture

40 Colorful Clothing

41 Jewelry

42 Dance

43 Centers of Culture & Trade

44 Lagos, NIGERIA

45 Dakar, SENEGAL

46 Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA

47 Cultural Landscape

48 markets churches mosques and minarets villages modern city cores

49 Market Scenes

50 Market Scene

51 Market in Mali

52 Market in Ghana

53 Catholic Church in Mali

54 Villages

56 Grande Mosque in Mali

57 Mosque in Sudan

58 Shantytown outside South Africa

59 Khartoum, SUDAN Grew as a city due to its location at a confluence site where the Blue & White Nile merge into the Nile River

60 Timbuktu, MALI Grew as a city because of its situation along the Trans-Sahara trade route

61 Grew as a city because of its situation as a supply station for ships Capetown, SOUTH AFRICA

Introduction to Africa

Introduction to Africa Did you know? Africa has more countries than any other continent. The Sahara is a desert that is the size of the U.S. It s the world's largest desert. Most of the world s gold and