GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH

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1 GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH Vol129, No14 Apr1, ,2, 1 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1,2 (11, ; 21, ; 31, ) :,, :,,,,, : (1), ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) : ; ; ; ; : (2010) [ 1 ], [2 ] Costanza 16, [3 ], [4 ] [5 ],,,,, ( ) [6 ],, [ 7 ] [8,9 ] [10 ] [ 11 ] [12 ], [ 13,14 ],, [15 ], [16 ], : ; : : : (19822),,, E2mail : zhangw. ac. cn : (19542),,,, E2mail : snrr1 ac1cn

608 29 [ 17 ],, [18 ] [19 ], [20 ], [21 ], Ellison [22 ] Alongi [ 20 ] ( silvicult ure ) ( mitigation ) (coastal stabilization) (eco2system f unction) (fisher2 ies), [23 ] [24 ],, [25 ],

2 [ 17 ],, [18 ] [19 ], [20 ], [21 ], Ellison [22 ] Alongi [ 20 ] ( silvicult ure ) ( mitigation ) (coastal stabilization) (eco2system f unction) (fisher2 ies), [23 ] [24 ],, [25 ], [5 ],, CO2 CH4,,,, [ 26 ], [27 ] [28 ], [ 29 ] [30 ], [6 ],,,,,, 2,, km 2,,,,,, ; mm, 2317 ; 8, 3011 ; 1 Fig11 Spatial pattern of mangrove in Zhanjiang

3 4 : 609 2, 1614 [31 ], ( 1) 3 311, hm 2, hm 2, 8817 %, 21 3,, 2 % 4 % ;, p H 5 ;, 1 % 2 % [31 ],, 9258 hm 2, 1/ 3 ( 1), 1 [ 24] Tab11 Survey of National Mangrove Nature Reserve in China (hm2 ) RAMSAR RAMSAR RAMSAR RAMSAR : : RAMSAR ,,,, ( 2) : (1) ,,, ; (2) ,,,,, 31212,,,, 4 :

4 ( : hm 2 ) Tab1 2 Acreage change of mangrove in Zhanjiang ( hm 2 ) ( %) ( %) ( %) % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 0184 % % % 5140 % % % % % % % % : (1), , ,, 75 % (2), 17634hm 2,,,, , 24, , 3 270km 2 (3),, 2009, 60 % , 2001, [32 ],, :,,,, ,, [33 ] 31312,

5 4 : 611,,, ( 2) ;, ;,,,, 2 Fig12 The impact of human activity on mangrove 31313,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,, 3 Fig1 3 The exploitation of mangrove in 4 Gaoqiao, Lianjiang City,, :,,,, ( )

6 ,,,, [34 ] ( 4) 4 Fig14 Mangrove wetland and ocean2land integration strategy,,,,,,,,, ;,, 412,,, [35 ],,,,,,,,, 5 511, [36 ],

7 4 : 613 ;,,,,,,,,, 1556km, 46 %, 10,,,,, 5,,, 5 Fig1 5 Relationships between eco2city construction and mangrove ,,, ;,,,,,, 51212, -,

8 614 29,,,, (1),,, 50 % ;,, (2),, ; 51214,,,, [35 ],,,,,,, 6 (1),,,,, (2),, ;,,,, (3),,,,,,,

9 4 : 615 : [ 1 ],,, 1.,2007, 27 (11) : [ 2 ], 1., 2000, 19 (3) : [ 3 ] Costanza R, d Arge R, de Groot R, et al1 The value of t he world s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 1997, 387 : [ 4 ] Clark J R1 Coastal Zone Management Handbook, Boca Raton : CRC Press, [ 5 ],,, 1., 1995,10 (4) : [ 6 ], 1.,2004,2 (4) : [ 7 ] TAM N F Y1 Effect s of wastewater discharge on microbial populations and enzyme activities in mangrove soils. Environ Pollut, 1998, 102 : [ 8 ],,, 1. ( ),2001,40 (2) : [ 9 ] Yu K S H,Wong A H Y, Yau K W Y, et al1 Natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation on biodeg2 radation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PA Hs) in mangrove sediments. Mar Pollut Bull, 2005, 51 : [ 10 ],, 1.,2000,22 ( ) : [ 11 ],, 1.,2000, 6 (3) : [ 12 ],,, 1., 2009, 28 (1) : [ 13 ],,, 1 1, (8) : [ 14 ] Yang Q, Tam NF Y, Wong YS, et al1 Potential use of mangroves as constructed wetland for municipal sewage treat ment in Futian, Shenzhen1 China Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2008, 57 : [ 15 ],,, 1 1, 2005,16 (8) : [ 16 ] Mazda Y, MagiM, KogoM, et al1 Mangroves as a coastal protection from waves in t he Tong King delta, Vietnam, Mangroves and Salt Marshes, 1997, 1 : [ 17 ] Furukawa K, Wolanski E1 Sedimentation in mangrove forest s. Mangroves and Salt Marshes, 1996, 1 : [ 18 ],,, 1., 1997, 17 (3) : [ 19 ],,, 1., 2005,24 (1) : [ 20 ] Alongi D M1 Present state and fut ure of t he world s mangrove forest s. Environ Conserv, 2002, 29 : [ 21 ] Walters B B1Local mangrove planting in t he Philippines : Are fisher folk and fishpond owners effective restoration2 ist s? Restor Ecol, 2000, 8 : [ 22 ] Ellison A M1 Macroecology of mangroves : Large2scale patterns and processes in t ropical coastal forest s. Trees, 2002, 16 : [ 23 ] Lewis R R1 Ecological engineering for successful management and restoration of mangrove forest s1 Ecological En2 gineering, 2005, 24 : [ 24 ] 1.,2007, (1) : [ 25 ],, 1.,2006,25 (11) : [ 26 ], 1., 2001,20 (1) : [ 27 ],,, 1.,2000,19 (1) : [ 28 ],,, 1.,2007,29 (1) : [ 29 ],, 1., 2004,23 (2) : [ 30 ],..,2007, (2) : [ 31 ],,, 1.,2004, 13 (2) :

10 [ 32 ] [ EB/ OL ]1 http :/ / www. forestry. gov. cn/ distribution / 2008/ 11/ 19/ lygk ht ml, [33 ] 1.,2005,18 (4) :1 61 [ 34 ], 1.,2008, (3) : [ 35 ], 1. :, [ 36 ],,, 1., 2004,23 (3) : Mangrove and the construction of regional ecological security pattern in Zhanjiang ZHAN G Wei 1,2,ZHAN G Yi2feng 1,ZHAN G Hong2ye 1, HAN Wei2dong 3, YAN G Lin2sheng 1, J IA Da2meng 1, SUN Rui2feng 1,2 (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China ; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China ; 3. Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang , Guangdong, China) Abstract :Mangrove is a unique forestry community t hat exist s in t he coastal areas of trop2 ics and subtropics. It plays a vital role in some aspect s, such as seawater p urification, ma2 rine calamit y reductio n, biodiver sit y maintenance, ecological securit y p rotectio n, and so on. However, due to it s lower direct economic values, and it s habitat s wit h f requent hu2 man activities, mangrove wetland has beco me ecologically vulnerable in coastal zo nes. This paper, taking Zhanjiang as an example, conducted investigations and analyses, and pointed out the problems t hat exist in t he protection of mangrove wetland. The reasons are summarized as follows : (1) We are unaware of t he strategic importance of mangrove in regio nal ecological securit y pattern. (2) Mangrove suffered certain negative impact s f ro m t he develop ment of local socio2eco no my. ( 3) The reso urce exploitatio n of mangrove has lagged behind. Aiming at solving t hose problems, firstly, t his paper focuses on t he strate2 gic stat us of mangrove in two aspect s : ocean2land integration, and coastal develop ment ; t hen proposed some suggestions to Zhanjiang : (1) to reconstruct t he regional ecological security pattern wit h mangrove as a kernel ; (2) to reconstruct t he mangrove ecosystem ; (3) to intensify t he ecological restoration of mangrove in coastal areas ; (4) to promote t he develop ment of mangrove eco2to urism. Key words :mangrove ; regional ecological security ; strategic orientation ; ecological reco nst ructio n

Investigation and analysis on situation of ecotourism development in protected areas of China

31 24 2011 12 ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA Vol. 31 No. 24 Dec. 2011.. 2011 31 24 7450-7457. Zhong L S Wang J. Investigation and analysis on situation of ecotourism development in protected areas of China. Acta