Lands with Wilderness Characteristics: Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills

Transcription

1 Lands with Wilderness Characteristics: Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills Ouray, Chipeta, and Pahlone Peaks over interior unit, Royal Gorge Field Office Photo: John Sztukowski The intent of this report is to present objective data to illustrate that the area in question qualifies as Lands with Wilderness Characteristics (LWC), in accordance with Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Manuals 6310 and The information presented in this report meets the minimum standards for review of new information per Manual 6310, and accordingly BLM must review this information and make its findings and documentation of the review process available to the public as soon as practicable.

2 Lands with Wilderness Characteristics: Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills BLM Royal Gorge Field Office, Front Range District BLM Unit Identifier: Not Inventoried by the BLM Submitted by: Wild Connections 2168 Pheasant Place, Colorado Springs, CO (719) Prepared by: John Sztukowski, Wildlands Inventory Coordinator, Wild Connections (817) Report Date: March 2015 Table of Contents Map of Chipeta Pahlone Foothills LWC... 3 Overview... 4 Discussion of Wilderness Characteristics including Boundary Delineations... 6 I. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC meets the minimum size criteria for roadless lands II. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC is primarily affected by the forces of nature III. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC provides outstanding opportunities for solitude and primitive recreation... 8 IV. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC has supplemental values that would enhance the wilderness experience and should be recognized and protected Summary Conclusion Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills Proposed LWC Waypoints

3 Map of Chipeta Pahlone Foothills LWC 3

4 Overview The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed Lands with Wilderness Characteristics (LWC) is comprised of approximately 2,900 contiguous acres in central Colorado. This unit is located just south of Maysville, CO and contiguous to a Recommended Wilderness within the San Isabel National Forest in southern Chaffee County. This unit ranges from an elevation of approximately 7,900 ft to approximately 9,500 ft, atop the ridged foothills. The proposed LWC supports a diversity of vegetation and much wildlife, bolstered by a variety of ecosystems. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC is bordered by Recommended Wilderness within the San Isabel National Forest on two sides: south and west. The northern boundary and portions of the eastern boundary are bordered by private land. Pass Creek Road, Chaffee County Road 212, makes up the southeastern border, until it meets the national forest. This proposed LWC is divided into two by Greens Creek Road, Chaffee County Road 221, however both parts of the unit remain contiguous with national forest recommended wilderness. The proposed LWC supports a diversity of plant and wildlife habitats, due to its topographic variety and assorted ecosystems. High elevation areas are consistent with montane grasslands and mixed forests of aspen, ponderosa pine, and Douglas fir. As the unit foothills descend into lower elevations, a pinyon-juniper mixed woodland ecosystem is introduced. Additionally, rich riparian areas can be found in the area, due to the inclusion of Greens Creek, the proximity of Pass Creek, and other drainages and gulches observed throughout the unit. The proposed LWC possesses extraordinary biological values. The Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP) identifies two significant biodiversity areas as Potential Conservation Areas (PCA) within the unit. The Pahlone Slopes PCA encompasses much of the unit and has very high biodiversity significance due to occurrences of local plant communities, including the globally imperiled Crandall s rock-crest (Boechera crandallii). The entire southeast boundary aligns with another PCA, Pass Creek, recognized for a globally imperiled montane riparian mixed forest of narrowleaf cottonwood Rocky Mountain juniper. This unit has high habitat and range values for many wildlife species. Mammals include mountain lion, black bear, mule deer, elk, the Brazilian free tailed bat, Abert s squirrel, and the threatened and endangered species, Canadian lynx. Valued bird species were also observed and identified within the unit, including grouse and wild turkey. Fish species, particularly brook trout, can also be found within the unit in Greens Creek and nearby Pass Creek. Opportunities for solitude and primitive recreation are abundant in the 2,900 acre contiguous roadless area that forms the proposed Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills LWC. The assorted vegetation and topographic variety provide extensive opportunity for solitude in the forms of isolation, remoteness, lack of visitation and topographic screening. Primitive recreation is available in all seasons, including hunting, fishing, backpacking, hiking, snowshoeing, wildlife viewing, and photography. BLM's Manual 6310 states that the boundary delineation for a LWC unit "is generally based on the presence of Wilderness Inventory Roads" but can also be based on property lines between 4

5 different types of land ownership or on developed rights of way (Manual 6310, p 4). These were the parameters Wild Connections used to define the boundaries of the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC. In the spring of 2013, Wild Connections produced a preliminary boundary delineation for this unit based on the size and contiguity requirements stated in Manual 6310 (p 6). During the spring of 2014, Wild Connections' mapping teams visited the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC twice to conduct in-depth on-the-ground inventories of this unit. Our goal was to assess this area for wilderness characteristics, based on BLM's Manual 6310, and report our findings to the BLM's Royal Gorge Field Office in efforts to identify potential wilderness areas to expand "wildlands" corridors in central Colorado. The BLM did not inventory this unit, therefore the following data and information in this report should be considered new. Wild Connections report offers original in-depth data and information, including photo, narrative, and geo-referenced data, supporting the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC. The boundary delineations and narratives describing the wilderness characteristics found within this unit are detailed below. Waypoints (many with photos) are referenced throughout this report; the photos with geo-data, time and date stamp, description, and page number can be found at the end of the report, akin to the one shown below. Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (8) - E Large growth Douglas Fir tree, thought to be the largest in Colorado in diameter at 82 inches (22 ft in circumference); volunteer for scale (p. 10) 5

6 Discussion of Wilderness Characteristics including Boundary Delineations I. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC meets the minimum size criteria for roadless lands. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC totals approximately 2,900 contiguous roadless acres in two subunits. Although it does not meet the minimum size criteria of 5,000 acres, it still meets the size requirements to qualify for wilderness characteristics as they are contiguous with lands which have been formally determined to have wilderness or wilderness potential values, or any Federal lands managed for the protection of wilderness characteristics (BLM s Manual 6310, p 5). USFS contiguous Recommended Wilderness within the San Isabel National Forest meets these qualifications. With regard to route determination, BLM Manual 6310 states that a "way" maintained solely by the passage of vehicles does not constitute a "road" for purposes of inventorying wilderness characteristics. A "way" that is used on a continuous and regular basis still does not constitute a road. Additionally, a vehicle route that was constructed by mechanical means, but is no longer being maintained by mechanical methods is also not a road. By comparison, a Wilderness Inventory Road (WIR) is a vehicle road that has "been improved and maintained by mechanical means to ensure relatively regular and continuous use" (Manual 6310, p 11). Routes that do meet the criteria for WIRs were removed from the unit as cherrystems. However, Wild Connections' inventory of this area did not find any WIRs within the unit, although did find ways, which are documented in this report. Most of the available public access to the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC is via Pass Creek Road, 212, which makes up the unit s southern boundary. Pass Creek Road begins to border the unit at Waypoint 1, at its southeast corner. Approximately one-tenth of a mile along Pass Creek Road, at Waypoint 2, there is an unmarked motorized route into the interior. This route ascends northeasterly for about one-tenth of a mile, where it crosses a creek bed at Waypoint 4. This route then heads north for approximately half-mile, however the trail becomes considerably less discernible as seen in Waypoint 6. No known purpose for the route was found at or near its end, as it disappears into a steep gulch. Furthermore, given that this route is not maintained, nor regular and continuous, it should only remain within the unit as a way. Pass Creek Road remains a boundary road until Waypoint 7, where the unit meets the San Isabel National Forest. As seen in Waypoint 7, an unmarked road heads north along the BLM/USFS border. This road does appear to be constructed and maintained by mechanical means and will serve as a boundary road for the small portion that borders the proposed LWC. This route meets up with another USFS route, 212A, just prior to Waypoint 9, which shows the route entrance at the BLM fence line into the proposed LWC. This access route onto the Chipeta and Pahlone foothills currently does not have any BLM designation, on the ground or in the Royal Gorge FO s Travel Management Plan (TMP). For the purposes of this report, this route will be referred to as 212A as recognized by the USFS. 6

7 Immediately into the unit, at Waypoint 10, 212A shows abuse as motorized vehicles have created three to four parallel social trails on the delicate montane ecosystem. Furthermore, route 212A does not appear to be created nor maintained by mechanical means, nor regular or continuous, and thus will remain within the proposed LWC as a way. Wild Connections highly recommends travel management in this area, as the natural ecosystem will continue to be damaged if unchecked. 212A branches out into a few different cherrystems atop the Chipeta and Pahlone foothills, with the primary Y junction at Waypoint 11. The two main routes atop these foothills appear to service operations associated with grazing, however user-created trails were observed as well. Motorized trails stemming from the eastern route of the first Y junction of 212A, referred to as 212A-East, were observed at Waypoints 12, 14, and 23. These social trails show a considerable lack of use as they are traversed further into the interior, as evidenced in Waypoints 17 and A-East becomes considerably less discernible as well, as documented in Waypoint 25. Given that these referenced routes were not created nor maintained by mechanical means, nor are they regular or continuous, they will all remain within the unit as ways. Back at the first Y junction at Waypoint 11 for 212A, the westerly route, referred to as 212A-West, also appears to service grazing operations. Waypoint 26, taken a short distance into this route, and again at Waypoint 28, show unnecessary user created trails that again parallel the primary route. A junction occurs at Waypoint 29, which ends at a water trough at Waypoint A- West ends at Waypoint 33, which looks back on the route. As evidenced in the photo-data, these routes were not created or maintained by mechanical means, nor are they continuous or regular, thus they will also remain in the proposed LWC as ways. The above routes document all the possible public accessed routes into the interior of the proposed LWC. However, Greens Creek Road, 221, splits the unit into two subunits, both of which remain contiguous with USFS recommended wilderness. Greens Creek Road enters BLM land and becomes both subunit boundaries at Waypoint 35. Greens Creek Road ceases to be the boundary at Waypoint 37, where BLM land meets the San Isabel National Forest. There are no routes into the interior of either subunit from Greens Creek Road. The northwestern portion of the Chipeta Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC can be viewed via a neighborhood in Maysville, Colorado. Waypoint 38 shows the end of Little River Road, looking south into the interior. Nonetheless, no public access routes were found to the interior via Little River Road. II. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC is primarily affected by the forces of nature. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC is primarily affected by the forces of nature, with human impacts considerably unnoticeable within the unit. Public access into the unit is limited to two undesignated motorized routes, with a few dead-end routes stemming from these, 7

8 as noted in the previous section. Most routes found within the unit showed an apparent lack of regular use. Other human impacts that were observed in the proposed LWC were minor and will be detailed below in this section. The proposed LWC provides a diversity of ecosystems as the high elevation foothills descend into riparian areas. Much of the elevation in the unit is near or above 9,000 ft, offering montane grasslands and highelevation mixed forests of aspen, ponderosa pine, and Douglas fir, as viewed in Waypoints 16 and 22. As the unit s elevation descends, the ecosystem becomes more consistent with a pinyon-juniper woodland and shrubland (Waypoint 5). With two perennial creeks, Greens Creek and Pass Creek, running through or very near the unit, the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC supports rich riparian life as well. Waypoint 36, right, views the lush vegetation along Greens Creek. Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (36) - ENE View of dense vegetation along Greens Creek in unit interior (p. 8) Wild Connections exploration in the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC primarily consisted of untrammeled naturalness. There were some minor human impacts noted as well. The minor human impacts found within the unit primarily consisted of routes, fences, and water operations for grazing. Routes were covered in the previous section; a few of these entered through fence lines. Waypoint 9 views the BLM boundary fence line to enter the unit, with a cattle fence running perpendicular into the unit. Waypoint 25 shows a cattle fence barely discernible within the interior landscape. And Waypoint 23 views an entrance through a fence, with the route no longer visible. With regard to grazing, storage tanks were observed at Waypoint 13, and old water troughs at Waypoints 15, 21, 27, and 32. Tree thinning was also observed, and can be viewed at Waypoint 31. While there are a few minor human impacts spread throughout the proposed LWC, these are examples of human-made features that are considered substantially unnoticeable and thus do not hinder wilderness characteristics (BLM Manual 6310, p 6). What was observed and inventoried does not affect the natural integrity or the apparent naturalness of the unit overall (BLM Manual 6310, p 6-7). III. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC provides outstanding opportunities for solitude and primitive recreation. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC offers many opportunities for solitude and primitive and unconfined recreation. Given the topographic variety, the few entry points, dearth of trails (motorized and non-motorized), and observed lack of overall use, there are vast 8

9 opportunities for solitude. The dense mixed forests found throughout the unit provide excellent screening from unnatural sights and sounds. Waypoint 19 shows an excellent example of the vegetative screening available for solitude in the high-elevation mixed forests. The topographic variety within the unit, consisting of gulches and lush riparian areas, provide further opportunity for solitude. Consisting of approximately 2,900 acres of unroaded wilderness land and contiguous to larger wilderness recommendations in the San Isabel National Forest, the proposed LWC offers excellent opportunities for primitive and unconfined recreational opportunities as well. There are outstanding opportunities for hiking, biking, backpacking, camping, hunting, fishing, wildlife viewing, bird watching, and photography. The nearby creeks provide excellent opportunities for fishing, particularly Greens Creek, which runs through the unit. Wildlife viewing is also exceptional in this area. Deer and grouse were observed and documented within the unit and will be noted in the following section. With regard to hunting, high value animal species and habitat are documented in the section below under supplemental values. IV. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC has supplemental values that would enhance the wilderness experience and should be recognized and protected. Wild Connections inventory of the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC supports the existence of numerous supplemental values that contribute to the overall experience of visiting this area and provide additional evidence that this unit's unique qualities should be recognized and protected. Many of these values support the area s regional ecological importance and rich biodiversity. The supplemental values presented below are not intended to be exhaustive, but are a summarization of some of the widely known significant values for which basic data was available to complement our on-the-ground inventory. There are exceptional scenic views from within the proposed LWC, particularly from the high elevation grasslands atop the foothills. Waypoint 20 views the northern end of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, featuring Methodist Mountain and Hunts Peak. Waypoint 34 (below) views northwest toward the Saskatchewan Peaks and the Sawatch Mountains; Mt Shavano at 14,229 ft is the largest peak in view. Lastly, the peaks of Ouray, Chipeta, and Pahlone can be viewed from within the unit, as seen in Waypoint 22 from left to right. The Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC includes multiple biodiversity significant areas, identified as Potential Conservation Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (34) - NW View of Saskatchewan Peaks and Sawatch Mountains, Mt Shavano is the largest peak in view (p. 9) 9

10 Areas (PCAs) by the Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP). Most of the unit lies within a very high biodiversity significant area, the Pahlone Slopes CPA, due to a local mosaic of plant communities including excellent, good, fair, and extant occurrences globally imperiled Crandall s rock-crest (Boechera crandallii). Additionally, the entire southeast boundary aligns with another very high biodiversity significant area, Pass Creek, recognized for a good occurrence of the globally imperiled (G2G3/S2S3) montane riparian mixed forest of narrowleaf cottonwood Rocky Mountain juniper (Populus angustifolia - Juniperus scopulorum). The proposed LWC also boasts some of the largest old growth Douglas Fir trees in Colorado. Waypoint 8 views a Wild Connections mapping volunteer with what is considered to be Colorado s largest Douglas fir in circumference at 22 ft (82 inches in diameter). The BLM manages this area as Pass Creek Wildlife Management Area; the sign for such can be viewed in Waypoint 3, off of Pass Creek Road. Wildlife was observed in this area. A herd of mule deer was viewed in the central interior at Waypoint 18, and a grouse was observed roosting in a tree at Waypoint 30. High habitat and range values for many animal species were identified in the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC. Rocky Mountain Wild s (RMW) Assessment of Biological Impact (ABI) documented the following mammals and associated values within the unit: Canadian lynx (Lynx canadensis) habitat, denning and winter habitat; mountain lion (Puma concolor) overall range; black bear (Ursus americanus) overall range; mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) overall range, summer range, winter range, severe winter range, and winter concentration area; elk (Cervus Canadensis) overall range, production area, summer range, winter range, severe winter range, and winter concentration area; Abert s squirrel (Sciurus aberti) overall range, and Brazilian free tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) overall range. RMW s ABI adds that the proposed LWC provides wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) overall range. The Canadian Lynx is noteworthy as it is listed as a Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) endangered species as well as a US Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program s (WCRP) Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CWCS) Species of Most Concern. The Brazilian free tailed bat is a Colorado state ranked critically imperiled species. The 2,900 acre proposed wilderness also offers compelling geology. Much of the unit is made up of Tertiary siltstone and sandstone. As the elevation changes, so does the geology. The higher elevation areas within the unit consist of rock and minerals from the Early Proterozoic Age, primarily felsic and mafic gneiss. The geology changes once again as elevation increases toward the peaks of Chipeta and Pahlone, however those areas reside within the National Forest. The above geological data was obtained from the United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Mineral Resources on-line spatial data, selected for Colorado's geology. Summary Conclusion Based on Wild Connections' on-the-ground inventories, the proposed Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills LWC qualifies as Land with Wilderness Characteristics (LWC) in accordance with BLM's 10

11 Manual This unit does not exceed the 5,000 contiguous roadless acreage minimum, however the unit still meets the LWC size requirement as it is contiguous with Recommended Wilderness within the San Isabel National Forest. Given the size and contiguity of the unit, lack of significant human impacts, disparate topography, diverse ecosystems, and abundant wildlife, the Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC offers outstanding wilderness characteristics - including apparent naturalness and outstanding opportunities for solitude and primitive and unconfined recreation. This unit also has extraordinary supplemental values that support the unit s wilderness characteristics. While much of the proposed LWC consists of untrammeled wilderness, human impacts were found that are worth noting. As documented, fences, routes, a storage tank, water troughs, and tree thinning were observed within the unit. These are minor human impacts, consistent with BLM Manual 6310, as the natural integrity and the apparent naturalness of the proposed LWC in total is not compromised. Wild Connections inventory has documented the necessary boundaries as well as the wilderness characteristics within the unit. This overview provides new information, including narrative, photo, and geo data, and supporting maps, documenting that the 2,900 acre Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills proposed LWC meets wilderness criteria. This area possesses Lands with Wilderness Characteristic status and its wilderness values should be protected and preserved. It is imperative that the BLM recognize and protect these values in their land management decisions, so that these unique and abundant wilderness qualities are sustained 11

12 Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills Proposed LWC Waypoints The following photographs correspond with the numbered Waypoints on the above Chipeta and Pahlone Foothills map and may be referred to in the report narrative describing the wilderness characteristics. The direction of view (16 point Cardinal) is indicated in the bolded caption. Below this is a short description of the photo, with the referenced page number(s) in parenthesis. The photos are also watermarked with the direction (degrees and cardinal) in the top right, date and time in the bottom right, elevation in the bottom center, and the latitude and longitude in the bottom left. Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (1) - W SE boundary at Pass Creek Rd (p. 6) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (2) - NNE Intersection for interior route at Pass Creek Rd (p. 6)

13 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (3) - WSW BLM Pass Creek Wildlife Management Area sign in southeastern section off of Pass Creek Rd (p. 10) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (4) - W Unidentified route stream crossing in southeastern section (p. 6) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (5) - SW Pinyon-juniper woodland, shrubland consistent with unit s lower elevation areas (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (6) - WNW Unidentified route becomes highly revegetated, ending into a gulch (p. 6) 13

14 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (7) - N Southwest unit boundary, Pass Creek Rd at BLM/USFS boundary; In view, USFS route heads north and becomes a temporary boundary (p. 6) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (8) - E Large growth Douglas fir tree, thought to be the largest in Colorado in diameter at 82 inches (22 ft in circumference); volunteer for scale (p. 10) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (9) - NE Public access Route 212A at unit s western boundary, via USFS (p. 6,8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (10) - NE Multiple social trails on Route 212A immediately into unit (p. 7) 14

15 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (11) - NNE 212A Y junction atop interior foothills (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (12) - NNE Social trail off 212A-East (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (13) - NE Storage tanks off 212A-East (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (14) - NNE Social trail off 212A-East (p. 7) 15

16 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (15) - NNE Old water trough just off 212A-East (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (16) - NE Old growth, high-elevation mixed forest (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (17) - NNE Faint signs of use along social trial (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (18) - NE Herd of mule deer observed in interior unit (p. 10) 16

17 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (20) - SE View of the northern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, featuring Methodist Mountain and Hunts Peak (p. 9) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (19) - SSW Opportunity for solitude via topographic screening in the unit interior s high-elevation mixed forest (p. 9) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (21) - NNW Water trough and hoses off 212A-East (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (22) - SW High elevation grassland and mixed forests in the southeastern section, with a view of Ouray, Chipeta, and Pahlone peaks from left to right (p. 8,9) 17

18 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (23) - NNE Junction at fence opening off 212A-East (p. 7,8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (24) - N Lack of observed use and no known purpose of trail from fenced junction (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (25) - SW Observed lack of use looking back at 212A-East; Ouray, Chipeta and Pahlone peaks in view (p. 7,8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (26) - SSE Multiple user created routes along 212A-West (p. 7) 18

19 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (27) - E Water trough off 212A-West (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (28) - NNE Multiple user created routes of 212A-West (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (29) - NE Trail Junction at 212A-West (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (30) - NNE Grouse perched on an aspen limb in unit interior (p. 10) 19

20 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (31) - WSW Tree thinning observed off interior route (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (32) - NE Water trough and route from 212A-West (p. 7,8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (33) - SSW End of 212A-West, looking back at the route (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (34) - NW View of Saskatchewan Peaks and Sawatch Mountains, Mt Shavano is the largest peak in view (p. 9) 20

21 Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (35) - SW Boundary road, Greens Creek Rd, of both subunits at northeastern boundary point (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (36) - ENE View of dense vegetation along Greens Creek in unit interior (p. 8) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (37) - ENE BLM/USFS boundary at boundary road, Greens Creek Rd (p. 7) Chipeta & Pahlone Foothills (38) - SSW View of northern interior from end of Little River Rd in Maysville, CO (p. 7) 21