2 cases from Estonia: one for good and one for bad

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1 2 cases from Estonia: one for good and one for bad Elin Soomets L. Lutsar Estonian Fund for Nature (ELF) Budapest

2 Case 1: The first Ecoduct in Estonia

3 The aim of whole project Rebuilding of the E263 Tallinn- Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa main road Aruvalla-Kose section for safer transport: The road was rebuilt to 4-lanes the environmental measures included acoustic barriers planting grass and bushes building tunnels for amphibians and small mammals building one ecoduct for large mammal migration

4 Information of whole project 1) Title: Ecoduct on Aruvalla-Kose road section 2) Country, region: Estonia 3) Name of the organization which implemented the project: Estonian Road Administration 4) Total size of the project in EUR: ) Amount of EU funding: 85% 6) Name of the EU fund that supported the project: The Cohesion Fund 7) Name of the Operational Program: Operational Program for the Development of Economic Environment

5 Details about Ecoduct During the road project ca m² of land were cleared from forest - animal migration routes were influenced BUT the project aimed to mitigate the influence and first Estonian ecoduct was built Ecoduct = mostly well planned: the animal migration experts were involved

6 Location + why there? Aruvalla - The first ecoduct in Estonia (Aruvalla)

7 Thousand of cars Necessity for Ecoduct (wildlife crossing) in Estonia The number of cars in Estonia year Population densities in Estonia. E. Liivrand Traffic accidents with animals in year Species Moose (Alces alces ) Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus ) Wild boar (Sus scrofa ) Large carnivores* ~ 2400 ~ 2500 ~ 3000 * Brown bear (Ursus arcts ), Gray wolf (Canis lupus ), Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx ) Species 2010 Moose (Alces alces ) Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus ) * Wild boar (Sus scrofa ) Gray wolf (Canis lupus) Lynx (Lynx lynx) Brown bear (Ursus arcts) 600 * probably considerably more

8 ROCK PLANT ZONE SOIL WALL LITTER WALL TREES OR HIGH PUSHES LOW BUSHES LITTER WALL WALKING PATH WALKING PATH LITTER WALL TREES OR HIGH PUSHES LITTER WALL SOIL WALL ROCK PLANT ZONE ROCK PLANT ZONE ROCK PLANT ZONE Why should animals like this green-bridge? SPRUCE ZONE PINE ZONE ROWAN ZONE Overall view HIGH BUSH ZONE ROWAN ZONE PINE ZONE SPRUCE ZONE MULTI- LISAL METERS Cross-section MEADOW PLANTS ZONE fence 2,5m

9 Project progress I. Saabas K. Tigas The project was planned in parallel with Environmental Impact Assessment that was the main process of involving all stakeholders

10 November 2013 constructions completed

11 First signs of usage by wildlife The first wild boar tracks on Aruvalla ecoduct (December 2013) V. Lükk Animals started to use it already before hedgerows and grass were planted on the ecoduct

12 Need to remember Still there are many things that could be improved for this kind of projects: the project team did not hire a wildlife specialist for whole time but the experts were consulted occasionally and as a result there were made mistake in planning the amphibian tunnels that have resulted in not fully functional tunnels

13 Case 2: Restauration of Narva Victoria bastion and Ivangorod fortress Small Powder Granary (around Narva Hermann fortress ) Narva town = the capital of bats in Estonia Narva Hermann fortress

14 Information of whole project 1) Name of project = Development of unique Narva-Ivangorod fortresses ensemble as a single cultural and tourist object 2) Country, region: Estonia 3) Name of the organization which implemented the project: Narva City Government, Department for City Development and Economy 4) Total size of the project in EUR: , 00 5) Amount of EU funding: (90%), including Estonian State budget co-financing to the Est-Lat-Rus Programme (Project partners own financing EUR 10%) 6) Name of the EU fund that supported the project: Estonia-Latvia-Russia cross border cooperation Program within European Neighborhood and Partnership instrument ) Name of the Operational Program: Estonia-Russia Program

15 Short description of the project: The overall objective of the project = to increase the competitiveness of the cross-border region through development of the unique Narva-Ivangorod trans-border fortresses ensemble as a single cultural and tourist object The sub-objectives of the project were: Conservation and reconstruction of Narva-Ivangorod fortifications (Narva Victoria bastion and Ivangorod fortress Small Powder Granary) Development of necessary tourism infrastructure Improvement of quality and accessibility of tourist information Expanding cross-border cooperation

16 Wanted the best, but everything went like always * Species Myotis dasycneme Myotis daubentonii Myotis brandtii Myotis mystacinus Myotis nattereri Plecotus auritus Pipistrellus nathusii Pipistrellus pipistrellus Eptesicus nilssonii Vespertilio murinus Nyctalus noctula Pipistrellus pygmaeus * Common estonian saying for failing

17 Bats hibernation Bats need for hibernation (October to May): 1) Silence 2) Darkness 3) High humidity 4) Temperature near zero degree All bat species (12) in Estonia are under the protection interrupting is against the law of Nature Protection Species Myotis dasycneme Myotis daubentonii Plecotus auritus Eptesicus nilssonii

18 What went wrong? The project leader organized the inventory works before the building activity (as demanded by Environmental Impact Assessment ). But after the inventory was carried out the building activities were started as planned and no recommendations from the inventory were taken account. The building works took place during the bats wintering time (Oct-May) and many bats were 1) frozen to death 2) sealed alive into the walls The important holes in the walls were closed during the reconstruction and lightening of the corridors was foreseen with no exemption to bat habitats.

19 Main reason for failure = ignorance The project team did not take into account the assessments that they had asked from the experts and it ended up with dead bats in the protection area. After media published the environmental NGOs concerns about harmful activities the construction works were temporarily stopped. After many meetings the project leader did not make changes into the project plan nor reported the measures taken. The environmental inspection has started a criminal proceeding but as the final report is not published there is still no clear picture how did the leader try to avoid the impacts

20 Our main message is... It is always very important to involve a wildlife specialist into all this kind of projects

21 Thank You!

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