Rainfall Appendix. Summary Statistics of Rainfall Data for Sites in the West-Central Florida. A Simple Conceptualized Rainfall/Discharge Relationship

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1 Rainfall Appendix Summary Statistics of Rainfall Data for Sites in the West-Central Florida A Simple Conceptualized Rainfall/Discharge Relationship Stream or river flows are, of course, integrally associated with rainfall. In his 1974 book entitled, Water: A Primer, Luna B. Leopold notes that [s]treamflow is what is left over after precipitation has supplied the demands of vegetation and the process of evaporation. Leftovers or differences tend to vary greatly with time. For example, suppose the rainfall in one year is 4 inches and that evaporation and plant transpiration 2 inches. This leaves 2 inches to be carried off by the streams. Suppose that in the next year rainfall is 3 inches, percent less than the year before. If evaporation and transpiration were the same, which is quite possible, streamflow would be only 1 inches, 5 percent less than in the year before. Thus a percent change in rainfall becomes a 5 percent change in runoff. This means that the flow of streams is highly variable and sensitive to changes in rainfall. In the Southwest Florida Water Management District, average annual rainfall at most sites is between approximately 5 to 52 inches per year. Evapotranspiration is generally assumed to be about 38 inches per year; thus using Leopold s simplified equation, one might expect streamflow (in the absence of withdrawals or discharges, no changes in storage, and without significant gains or losses from/to groundwater) to average about 12 inches per year (i.e., 5 38 = 12). Interannual variabililty in rainfall may, however, be expected to lead to substantial variation in annual streamflow. For example, suppose the rainfall in one year is 5 inches and that evaporation and plant transpiration 38 inches. This leaves 12 inches to be carried off by the streams. Suppose that in the next year rainfall is 45 inches, 1 percent less than the year before. If evaporation and transpiration were the same, which is quite possible, streamflow would be only 7 inches, 42 percent less than in the year before. Thus a 1 percent change in rainfall becomes a 42 percent change in runoff. This means that the flow of streams is highly variable and sensitive to changes in rainfall, and that relatively small changes in rainfall can lead to relatively large changes in discharge. To characterize regional rainfall variability for consideration when developing minimum flows, we examined rainfall data for a number of sites in and around the District (Figure 1). For this effort, we restricted analyses to sites with relatively long rainfall records that coincide with warm and cool cycles of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO; see Enfield et al. 21). We also chose not to in-fill missing daily rainfall total values, and excluded yearly rainfall totals for sites where the number of missing daily total rainfall values exceeded 3. While in-filling of

2 missing rainfall records may be acceptable for some analyses, we elected to base our evaluation of annual and longer-term rainfall statistics on only reported, measured records. We acknowledge that this may have led to underestimation of some yearly rainfall totals and in some instances, limited identification of some of the wettest or driest 1-year periods, simply because when one year of data was deleted, the determination of a 1-year mean would have to wait until 1 more contiguous years of data were available. To illustrate our approach, graphical and tabular summary results are presented here for a rainfall data set created from reported daily rainfall at three long term National Weather Service (NWS) sites. The average-site data set is referred to as the BIO_AVG and was based on records collected at the BROOKSVILLE CHINSEGUT HILL NWS, INVERNESS 3 SE NWS, and OCALA NWS sites (see Figure 1). We developed the BIO_AVG data set to represent average rainfall conditions across the Withlacoochee River basin, and because when missing data occurred at any one of the NWS sites, a mean could be calculated using the other two. This approach resulted in a fairly complete rainfall record that contained no missing yearly, seasonal or monthly totals.

3 Figure 1. Locations of rainfall gaging stations (including the three sites used to develop the BIO_AVG data set) used for analyses of rainfall variation in west-central Florida.

4 Mean annual, dry and wet season rainfall totals (in inches) for the three AMO periods associated with the period of record for the BIO_AVG data set are shown in Figure 2. The bar charts in the figure illustrate rainfall totals for two warm AMO periods ( and ) and a single, cool AMO period (197 to 1994). BIO_AVG Rainfall POR 54.1 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31 Figure 2. Summary information on mean annual, dry season and wet season rainfall for the BIO_AVG data set for three AMO periods.

5 For southwest Florida (and peninsular Florida in general, as discussed by Kelly 24), the wet season rainfall occurs during the summer rainy season which is defined as the months of June, July, August and September; remaining months are considered the dry months. As explained by Enfield et al. (21), and the premise of work done by Kelly (24) and Kelly and Gore (28), warm North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) have a positive effect on rainfall in peninsular Florida due to the associated increase in tropical storm and hurricane activity attributable to warmer SST. The tropical storm / hurricane season is generally defined as extending from June to November, with the majority of activity occurring in August and September. This activity would, therefore, tend to lead to greater rainfall totals during the normal peninsular Florida rainy season with increased tropical storm activity further contributing to the convective rainfall characteristic of the rainy season. As noted by Enfield (21), Kelly (24) and Kelly and Gore (28), we hypothesize that the greater mean annual rainfall totals for the period 194 to 1969, and decreased rainfall totals for the period 197 to 1994 could be explained by the increase or decrease in tropical storm activity, respectively, that characterized the rainy season of these two periods. If this argument holds, however, it might be expected that mean annual total rainfall should have again increased for the period 1995 to, since we are reportedly in a warmer AMO phase. Mean annual rainfall totals for many sites throughout central Florida have actually remained low during this period and in some cases are lower than the dry (cool) AMO period that extended from 197 through Inspection of the bar graphs of the wet and dry seasons for the three time periods, at least with respect to BIO_AVG (Figure 2), indicates that as might be expected actual wet season mean annual rainfall was higher in both the (35.8 inches) and the (33.5 inches) AMO warm periods than in the cool AMO period ( ; 3.1 inches). However, increased wet season rainfall for the period was offset by decreased dry season rainfall. Similar results were observed for a number rainfall gaging sites we evaluated (see data figures/tables to follow). Because the amount of runoff to a river is dependent in most cases on the amount of storage in the watershed that must be filled before runoff occurs, it is helpful to have a sense of multiyear wet and dry periods and the cumulative effects of multi-year rainfall surpluses or deficits. Periods of extended drought may greatly increase the amount of storage in lakes, wetlands, and soils that must be overcome before runoff occurs. In the case of the BIO_AVG data set, the wettest consecutive years occurred during the early to mid-196 s (Figure 3). This extended period was generally a period of high discharge for many District rivers. Expectations regarding flows similar to those that occurred in the 196s in the Withlacoochee River, for example, should be tempered by the knowledge that that this time period included the wettest 2 to 1 year rainfall periods based on 1-year rainfall records for the Ocala, Brooksville, and Inverness area. Also of note, the driest 2, 3, 4, 5 and 1 year periods of rainfall for that region occurred during the late 199 s to early 2 s, so it is reasonable to

6 expect that flows in the Withlacoochee River were relatively low during that period. Figure 3 also includes a plot of cumulative deviation from period of record mean annual rainfall for the BIO_AVG data site. This type of plot is useful for identifying periods of above average rainfall (upward sloping line) or below average rainfall (downward sloping line) with the extent or length of the downward or upward sloping segment indicative of the cumulative effect of wet or dry periods. The plot in Figure 3 clearly illustrates that the period of 192 to approximately 197 was much wetter than more recent decades. Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual BIO_AVG Cumulative Deviation from Mean 1 BIO_AVG 8 Estimated ET = 38 Inches toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET = Figure 3. Average multi-year rainfall totals for the driest and wettest periods (table) and cumulative annual deviation from period of record rainfall (blue line) for the BIO_AVG data set. The black line is the 5-year moving average of the cumulative deviations. Our final figure for each site summarizes variation in rainfall on a monthly basis for the three AMO periods we evaluated. Figure 4 illustrates results for the BIO_AVG site, and includes a plot and summary table of mean monthly rainfall totals. Blue shading in the table indicates the

7 wettest of each monthly total for three AMO periods, and tan shading denotes the driest month among the three periods. BIO_AVG Rainfall Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Month Month Total Figure 4. Mean monthly rainfall totals for three AMO periods (line chart and table) for the BIO_AVG data set.

8 Data What follows is a series of figures (and tables) for rainfall sites shown in Figure 1. Information for each site is formatted as described above. Microsoft Excel spreadsheets used to generate the figures/tables for each site are available on request.

9 ARCADIA NWS RAINFALL Rainfall POR 5.8 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

10 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual 6.16 Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record is from 191 to Arcadia NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches

11 Arcadia NWS Rainfall Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

12 ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION NWS Rainfall POR 53.3 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % POR % 31

13 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Inches Archbold Biological Station NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION NWS 8Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

14 ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

15 BARTOW NWS Rainfall POR 53.7 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

16 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Bartow NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches 14 BARTOW NWS 12 Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

17 BARTOW NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

18 BRADENTON 5 ESE NWS POR DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % POR %

19 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Bradenton 5 ESE NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean BRADENTON 5 ESE NWS 6 4 Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = -3. Inches 194to1969X - ET = toX - ET = * years deleted to high number of missing daily observations

20 BRADENTON 5 ESE NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

21 BROOKSVILLE CHINSEGUT HILL NWS POR DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % POR %

22 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Inches Brooksville Chinsegut Hill NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean 12BROOKSVILLE CHINSEGUT HILL NWS 1Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

23 BROOKSVILLE CHINSEGUT HILL NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

24 BURRELL LOCK NWS Rainfall POR 48.2 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % POR.8 58%

25 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Burrell Lock NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches 4 BURRELL LOCK NWS 3 Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

26 BURRELL LOCK NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

27 CLERMONT 9 S NWS Rainfall POR 5.5 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

28 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Clermont 9 S NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches

29 CLERMONT 9 S NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

30 CROSS CITY 1 E NWS Rainfall POR 57. AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

31 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Cross City 1 E NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches 6 4 CROSS CITY 1 E NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

32 CROSS CITY 1 E NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

33 FORT GREEN 12 WSW NWS Rainfall POR 55. AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

34 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Inches FORT GREEN 12 Fort WSW Green NWS 12 WSW NWS Estimated ET = 38 Cumulative Deviation from Mean 1995toX 6-194to1969X = to1969X 2 - ET = toX - ET =

35 FORT GREEN 12 WSW NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Title Month Total

36 FORT MYERS PAGE FIELD AIRPORT NWS Rainfall POR 54.1 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 2 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 38 POR %

37 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Complete record since 1919 Fort Myers Page Field Airport NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean FORT MYERS PAGE FIELD AIRPORT NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = 15.6 Inches toX - ET =

38 FORT MYERS PAGE FIELD AIRPORT NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

39 GainesvilleXfor2NWS_Sites Rainfall POR 5.7 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR.4 58% 31

40 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual 42.4 Driest 5 yr mean annual ( 2nd) Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Record complete since 191 when use mean of two sites GainesvilleXfor2NWS_Sites Estimated ET = toX 8-194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET = 9.7 Inches Gainesville (X for 2 NWS sites) Cumulative Deviation from Mean

41 GainesvilleXfor2NWS_Sites 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

42 HIGH SPRINGS NWS Rainfall POR 51.4 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

43 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record is from 1945 to present. Years deleted due to missing data: 1963, 1974, Inches HIGH SPRINGS NWS Estimated ET = 38 5 High Springs NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean 41995toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

44 HIGH SPRINGS NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

45 HILLSBOROUGH RIVER STATE PARK NWS Rainfall POR 54. AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

46 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 1944 to Years deleted due to missing data: , 1962, , 1975, 1979, HILLSBOROUGH RIVER STATE PARK NWS Estimated ET = 38 Inches Hillsborough River State Park NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean 1995toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

47 HILLSBOROUGH RIVER STATE PARK NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

48 INVERNESS 3 SE NWS Rainfall POR 52.8 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

49 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual (2 2nd) Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record fm 191 to Years due to missing data: 196-7, 199, 1919, 1923, 1928, 1951, 28 INVERNESS 3 SE NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = Inches 21995toX - ET = Inverness 3 SE NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

50 INVERNESS 3 SE NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

51 KISSIMMEE 2 NWS Rainfall POR 49.8 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

52 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record is 191 to 26 Years deleted due to missing data: , 19-, 1951, 1999, -9 KISSIMMEE 2 NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = Inches 21995toX - ET = Kissimmee 2 NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

53 KISSIMMEE 2 NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

54 MOORE HAVEN LOCK 1 NWS Rainfall POR 48.4 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 18 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

55 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record 1919 to Years deleted due to missing data: , 21, MOORE HAVEN LOCK 1 NWS Estimated ET = 38 Moore Haven Lock 1 NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean 1995toX - 194to1969X = Inches 8194to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

56 MOORE HAVEN LOCK 1 NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

57 MOUNTAIN LAKE NWS Rainfall POR 5.9 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

58 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record 1935 to Years deleted due to missing data: 1941 Mountain Lake NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean MOUNTAIN LAKE NWS 1 Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = -2.7 Inches 6194to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

59 MOUNTAIN LAKE NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

60 MYAKKA RIVER STATE PARK NWS Rainfall POR 56.8 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % POR %

61 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 1944 to Years deleted due to missing data: Myakka River State Park NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean Inches

62 MYAKKA RIVER STATE PARK NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

63 OCALA NWS RAINFALL Rainfall POR 52.8 AMO Period DRY Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

64 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record is from 191 to Years deleted due to missing values: 198, , 192, , 19, 19, 1937, OCALA NWS RAINFALL Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = Inches 41995toX - ET = Ocala Cumulative Deviation from Mean

65 OCALA NWS RAINFALL Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

66 ORLANDO HERNDON AIRPORT NWS Rainfall POR 51. AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

67 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 191 to 2 Years deleted due to missing data: 194, 1974 Inches Orlando Herndon Airport NWS C umulative Deviation from Mean ORLANDO HERNDON AIRPORT NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = to2X - ET =

68 ORLANDO HERNDON AIRPORT NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

69 PARRISH NWS Rainfall POR 54.4 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

70 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual insufficient data Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual 68.5 Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual insufficient data Period of Record is 1958 to Years deleted due to missing data: 196, 1976 Inches Parrish NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean PARRISH NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

71 PARRISH NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

72 PLANT CITY NWS Rainfall POR 53.6 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

73 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual (1978 2nd) Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual (1978 2nd) Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 194 to Years deleted due to missing data: 1916, , 24 PLANT CITY NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = Inches 8194to1969X - ET = toX - ET = Plant City NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

74 PLANT CITY NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

75 SAINT LEO NWS Rainfall POR 54.7 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

76 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 192 to Years deleted due to missing data: 193, 191, 1914, 1917, 1919, , 1924, 1926 SAINT LEO NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = Inches toX - ET = Saint Leo NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

77 SAINT LEO NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

78 SAINT LEO NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

79 TAMPA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT NWS Rainfall POR 47.4 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

80 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 191 to Years deleted due to missing data: None Inches Tampa TAMPA International INTERNATIONAL Airport AIRPORT NWS NWS Cumulative Deviation Estimated ET = from Mean toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

81 TAMPA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

82 USHER TOWER NWS Rainfall POR 59.2 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

83 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 1957 to Years deleted due to missing data: Inches Usher Tower NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean USHER TOWER NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET =

84 USHER TOWER NWS Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

85 WAUCHULA NWS Rainfall POR 51.8 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR % 31

86 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 1934 to Years deleted due to missing data: , 1939, , 22 WAUCHULA NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = Inches 41995toX - ET = Wauchula NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

87 WAUCHULA NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

88 WINTER HAVEN NWS Rainfall POR 5.6 AMO Period DRY Season Dry Season Total X% of s % % % 23 POR % WET Season Wet Season Total X% of s % % % 33 POR %

89 Mean Year Ending Driest 2 yr mean annual Driest 3 yr mean annual Driest 4 yr mean annual Driest 5 yr mean annual 4.21 Driest 1 year mean annual Wetest 2 yr mean annual Wetest 3 yr mean annual Wetest 4 yr mean annual Wetest 5 yr mean annual Wetest 1 year mean annual Period of Record from 1941 to Years deleted due to missing data: , 1992, 1999 WINTER HAVEN NWS Estimated ET = toX - 194to1969X = to1969X - ET = toX - ET = Inches Winter Haven NWS Cumulative Deviation from Mean

90 WINTER HAVEN NWS 1 Mean Monthly Rainfall for Three Time Periods Rainfall Month Month Total

4 *Contours generalized for estimating average watershed precipitation; adopted from larger map by Geomatrix, 1999.

4 *Contours generalized for estimating average watershed precipitation; adopted from larger map by Geomatrix, 1999. Selected USGS Stream Gaging Stations San Lorenzo River watershed A. Pescadero Ck B. San Lorenzo R. Waterman Switch C. Boulder Ck D. Zayante Ck E. Bean Ck F. San Vicente Ck G. San Lorenzo R. at Big Trees

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