Japan s Nuclear Accident - Update - June 7, 2011 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Government of Japan

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1 Japan s Nuclear Accident - Update - June 7, 2011 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Government of Japan

2 Great Support of the International Community Japan deeply appreciates the assistance offered from people all over the world countries and regions - 43 international organizations - [Rescue teams] From 27 countries, regions and international organizations (As of June 3 rd ) US Navy/US Pacific Command (Operation Tomodachi) Ministry of Defense 1

3 Japan Faces an Unprecedented Challenge (Enormous Earthquake, Tsunamis and Nuclear Accident) 2 Tsunamis 14 meters or higher Earthquakes: M quake (March 11) M - 7 class 5 times M - 6 class 71 times M - 5 class 369 times TOKYO Fukushima Dai-ichi

4 Damage Casualties : over 29,000 Dead Missing Injured : over 15,000 : over 8,000 over 5,000 Evacuees : over 99,000 (As of June 3 rd ) KYODO NEWS KYODO NEWS NOAA/US Dept of Commerce, 3

5 Rescue Efforts and Foreign Assistance KYODO NEWS Ministry of Defense Ministry of Defense Ministry of Defense 4

6 5 Nuclear Power Stations Nuclear Reactors near Epicenter of the Earthquake 4 Nuclear Power Stations with 14 Units Onagawa Unit MW, Unit MW, Unit MW, Fukushima Dai-ichi Unit MW, Unit MW, Unit MW, Unit MW, Unit MW, Unit 6 1,100 MW, Fukushima Dai-ni Unit 1 1,100 MW, Unit 2 1,100 MW, Unit 3 1,100 MW, Unit 4 1,100 MW, Tokai Dai-ni Unit 1 1,100 MW, automatic shut down Periodical inspection cold shut down

7 Nuclear Power Stations Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station Before the Earthquake and Tsunamis After the Earthquake and Tsunamis TEPCO Air Photo Service Inc (Myoko, Niigata Japan) 6

8 Nuclear Power Stations Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station Cause of the Damage Huge Tsunami Grid Line 1 Loss of off-site power due to the earthquake 46 Meter 46 Meters Reactor Building About 40M About 20M Turbine Building GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy Tsunami (estimated 14m) Diesel Generator 2 Diesel generator inoperable due to the tsunami All motor operated pumps including ECCS became inoperable Elevation: about 10m Seawater Pump Breakwater 5.4 ~5.7m Seawater level 7

9 Nuclear Power Stations Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station μsv/hour (As of May 24 th ) Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Fukushima Dai-ni NPS 20 km radius of the plant Restricted Area Area where accumulated annual dose may reach 20 msv Deliberate Evacuation Area Other areas between approx. 20 and 30km radius of the plant Evacuation-Prepared Area 8

10 Four Key Challenges 9 1. Cool Down the Reactors 2. Contain the Spread of Radioactive Substances (sea, soil and atmosphere) 3. Rigorous and Intensive Monitoring 4. Ensure the Safety of Food, Products, and On-site Workers

11 1.Cool Down the Reactors Unit1 Spray Spent Fuel Pool Cooling System Injecting fresh water Reactor Pressure Vessel Primary Containment Vessel Suppression Chamber TEPCO Unit2 Unit3 Unit4 Ministry of Defense Air Photo Service Inc (Myoko, Niigata Japan) Air Photo Service Inc (Myoko, Niigata Japan) 10

12 1. Cool Down the Spent Fuel Pools 11 Unit 2 Reactor Building Spent Fuel Pool Waste Treatment Building Filter Sludge Tank Room Building Waste Heat Air Heat Exchange r Air-Cooling Equipment Pump Primary Water Flow Secondary Water Flow

13 2. Contain the Spread of Radioactive Substances (sea, soil and atmosphere) The Japanese Government and TEPCO are making the utmost efforts to prevent the dispersion of radioactive substances to the atmosphere, soil and water. Unit 1 Unit 2 Spraying synthetic materials Radioactive waste treatment facility Unit 4 Unit 3 Megafloat Megafloat Silt fence to block spread of contaminated water Contaminated water leak stopped TEPCO 12

14 TEPCO s Roadmap towards Restoration from the Accident Mar.11 Apr.17 May.17 (Revision on the plan) Around 3 months Around 6~9 months Target Reactors Spent Fuel Pools Contaminated Water Step 1 Radiation dose in steady decline Stable cooling - Cooling by minimum injection rate - Reuse of accumulated water - Nitrogen gas injection - Securing heat exchange function Stable cooling - Improvement in injection operation - Circulation cooling system Secure storage place - Installation of storage/processing facilities - Installation of storage facilities/decontamination processing Step 2 Controlling release of radioactive materials (significant reduction of dose level) Cold shutdown - Establishment of circulation system of cooling water - PCV flooding - Securing heat exchange function More stable cooling - Remote-controlled injection operation - Consideration/Installation of heat exchange function Reduction of total amount of contaminated water - Expansion of storage/processing facilities - Decontamination/Desalt processing - Mitigation of contamination in the ocean 13

15 3. Rigorous and Intensive Monitoring (μsv/h) Environmental Radioactivity Level at the Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Explosion in Unit (March 13 th - April 24 th ) 30km 12,000 White smoke from Unit3 2 1 Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS 4,000 Grayish smoke from Unit3 2,000 Contour of efffective dose (msv) 1 = 100 : 2 = 50 : 0 3 = 10 : 4 = 5 : 5 = 1 : TEPCO MEXT 14

16 Mar 15-Mar 16-Mar 17-Mar 18-Mar 19-Mar 20-Mar 21-Mar 22-Mar 23-Mar 24-Mar 25-Mar 26-Mar 27-Mar 28-Mar 29-Mar 30-Mar 31-Mar 1-Apr 15-Apr 1-May 15-May Max. Min. (μsv/h) Mar 15-Mar 16-Mar 17-Mar 18-Mar 19-Mar 20-Mar 21-Mar 22-Mar 23-Mar 24-Mar 25-Mar 26-Mar 27-Mar 28-Mar 29-Mar 30-Mar 31-Mar 1-Apr 15-Apr 1-May 15-May Max. Min. (μsv/h) Mar 15-Mar 16-Mar 17-Mar 18-Mar 19-Mar 20-Mar 21-Mar 22-Mar 23-Mar 24-Mar 25-Mar 26-Mar 27-Mar 28-Mar 29-Mar 30-Mar 31-Mar 1-Apr 15-Apr 1-May 15-May Max. Min. (μsv/h) Atmospheric Readings in Tokyo, Osaka and Sapporo MEXT Green box indicates normal range of radioactivity μsv/hour μsv/hour μsv/hour Fukushima Dai-ichi Sapporo 630km Tokyo 230km Osaka 580km

17 4. Ensure the Safety ~Farm Produce~ Japan inspects radioactivity in food every day, and restricts distribution of food that fails to meet provisional regulation values taking into consideration the spread of contamination. April 4 April 23 Fukushima Tochigi Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Fukushima Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Ibaraki Ibaraki Chiba Gunma Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 16

18 17 4. Ensure the Safety ~Industrial Products~ Japanese manufacturing industries spare no effort to ensure the safety of their products. Inspection institutions and industry associations provide testing service of the radiation levels of export products. Example of Inspection Institutions - NKKK (Nippon Kaiji Kentei Kyokai) (International Inspectation & Surveying Organization) - SK (Shin Nihon Kentei Kyokai) - ANCC (All Nippon Checkers Corporation) etc. Reference : JETRO Homepage JAMA (Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association) has been conducting radiation testing of vehicles since March.25. Reference : JAMA Homepage:

19 INES Rating on the Events in Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS The Rating of the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES) on Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station (NPS), in temporary assessed as Level 7. Chernobyl [5.2 million TBq] Major Accident Serious Accident Accident with Wide Consequences Accident with Local Consequences Serious Incident Incident Anomaly No Safety Significance Fukushima Dai-ichi [0.37~0.63 million TBq] Three Miles Island *Level 7 : more than several tens of thousands TBq 131 I *Level 6 : thousands to tens of thousands TBq 131 I *Level 5 : hundreds to thousands TBq 131 I 18

20 Reconstruction and Recovery (infrastructure) 19 Infrastructure such as roads, railroads, seaports, airports and utilities such as electric power, gas and water have been rapidly and steadily recovering their function. 1 month later March 13 April 13 Sendai airport KYODO NEWS Sendai airport KYODO NEWS

21 Reconstruction and Recovery (infrastructure) Railroad Port Road 1 week later 1 month later 3 weeks later Sendai Station Sendai-Shiogama Port Miyagi prefectural road, Route 240 East Japan Railway, Miyagi Prefectural Government 20

22 Japan s Countermeasures Measurement of Radioactivity Level Drinking Water Safety Food Safety Speedy Dissemination of Accurate Information Japan is committed to the speedy dissemination of accurate information. All necessary information can be found at the following websites Ports and Airports Safety Tourism

23 IAEA Expert Mission Conducted from 24 May to 1 June. Consists of 18 experts from the world. Visited: - TEPCO s Fukushima Daiichi NPS, - TEPCO s Fukushima Daini NPS, and - JAPC s Tokai Daini NPS. The mission leader Mike Weightman gave words of encouragement to the workers at the site. 22

24 The people of Japan deeply appreciate the sympathy and assistance pouring in from people all over the world. japan-challenges/index.html