GENERAL HEADQUARTERS SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED POWERS Public Health and Welfare Section WEEKLY BULLETIN

Transcription

1 GENERAL HEADQUARTERS SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED POWERS Public Health and Welfare Section WEEKLY BULLETIN For Period 6-12 December 1948 Number 102 SECTION PAGE I GENERAL 1 II PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 1 III VETERINARY AFFAIRS 2 IV NURSING AFFAIRS 2 V SUPPLY 3 VI NARCOTIC CONTROL 5 VII WELFARE 6 VIII SOCIAL SECURITY 8 IX MEMORANDA TO JAPANESE GOVERNMENT 9 1

2 SECTION I GENERAL The following Public Health and Welfare Technical Bulletin is inclosed (Inclosure #1) with this Weekly Bulletin. Title: Glossary of Japanese Welfare Terms Short Title: TB-PH-WEL 5 Repatriation from Soviet Held Areas SECTION II PREVENTIVE MEDICINE DIVISION Repatriation from Soviet held areas has been suspended for the winter months. Facilities will be in readiness for reopening on 1 April 49 or on 30 days notice. One case of typhus fever was discovered aboard the repatriation ship, TOKOJU MARU arriving Hakodate 2 December from Maoka, Karafuto. The patient was hospitalized and the Tokuju Maru Placed in quarantine until 18 December. One thousand four hundred fifty-seven contacts, passengers and crew members, remain in quarantine aboard the ship. Smallpox in Korea and in the Philippines Because of the recent outbreak of smallpox in U. S. occupied Korea, all individuals departing for Japan will be required to show evidence of successful vaccination within the preceding 60 days. The same restrictions apply to individuals arriving from the Port of Manila and the Island of Midora, which have been declared infected with smallpox. Primary Function of Health Centers Observations and information gleaned from staff visits and from Military Government Monthly Activities Reports indicates that some individuals still consider the Health Center merely a clinic. It is true that the clinical activities are a prominent feature of the Health Center and they are of the utmost importance in the accomplishment of its mission. However, it is emphasized that everyone concerned thoroughly understands that the primary function of the Health Center is overall public health administration and not merely the operation of clinical facilities. Meetings of Health Center Directors Reference Section I Weekly Bulletin No.99. As a mean of improving public health administration regular conferences of Health Center Directors, together with key prefectural health officials and Military Government Health Officers will prove beneficial to all concerned. It is recommended that conferences be held in the Health Centers. Insofar as possible it would be well to rotate the meetings among the various Health Centers within the prefecture so as to hold at least one meeting in each health center once a year. In this way every key prefectural health official and every Health Center Director will have an opportunity to see every other Health Center in the prefecture at least once a year. This should stimulate the improving of some sub-standard Health Centers in both administration and facilities. BCG Programs Military Government Health Officers, active in the BCG program in Japan, will be interested in the status of BCG studies in the United States. An article by Dr. Sol Roy Rosenthal of the Tice Laboratory, University of Illinois College of Medicine, in the January 10, 1948 issue of the J.A.M.A. gives an excellent account of his work in Chicago. Another enlightening article by Dr. Joseph Aronson appeared in the September 1948 issue of the American Review of Tuberculosis. The latter describes the experience of the U.S. Department of the Interior with BCG among the American Indians. Both of these papers are the leading articles of the named issue and reflect the great interest which is now being manifested in BCG in the United States. 2

3 The small number of individuals (under 2,000) involved in each of these prominent studies gives some indication of the rare opportunity which exists for studying the results of BCG in Japan where several million BCG inoculations are given every year. The Ministry of Welfare will, in the near future, institute a comprehensive system of recording BCG data. When this system is inaugurated, all Military Government Health Officers should ascertain that the instructions are followed implicitly. Rabies Control SECTION III VETERINARY AFFAIRS DIVISION The Prefectures of Tokyo, Saitama, Kanagawa and Chiba have initiated a plan to consolidate a round-up of stray dogs as a control measure in reducing the number of cases of Rabies in dogs. The original plan submitted by Tokyo-to has been adopted with the exception of a few minor changes. The Veterinary Affairs Section, Ministry of Welfare took an active part in arranging this drive. Niigata Prefecture Inspection An inspection of veterinary activities in this prefecture disclosed that extensive work has been done in establishing the food inspection program. In many cases improvements in all phases of inspection were noted especially in the utilization of screening material, construction of new plants and the adoption of good sanitary measures in retail shops handling various food commodities. Recommendations were made at the time of inspection to correct or facilitate the improvement of food inspection as a whole when deficiencies were encountered. The overall food sanitation program is definitely showing improvement. Animal Diseases The Animal Hygiene Section, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, submitted a negative report for the period 6-10 December. Animal Disease Control The Animal Hygiene Section, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, has submitted a plan for approval of a program in which horses will be immunized against Equine Encephalomyelitis for the year Publications SECTION IV NURSING AFFAIRS DIVISION History of Nursing by Sellew and Neusse, in Japanese will be available the end of December and can be ordered from: Mr. Katsu Suzuki Far Eastern Literary Public Co., Branch Bldg. Finance Ministry 2-1 chome, Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Price yen Distribution SECTION V SUPPLY DIVISION During the period 28 Nov - 4 Dec, 955 pieces of dusting and spraying equipment were distributed to 14 prefectures as follows: Knapsack Semi-automatic Hand Engine 3

4 Prefecture DDT Duster Sprayer Sprayer Sprayer Sprayer Akita 1 Hokkaido 5 Saitama 50 Ishikawa 5 Hyogo Wakayama Shimane 50 Yamaguchi Kagawa 48 Kochi 216 Fukuoka Oita 12 6 Miyazaki Ehime 1 Total On 7 December nine surplus U.S. army weapons carriers were released to the Ministry of Welfare. The distribution of these vehicles has been scheduled as follows: Prefecture Fukushima Kochi Tottori Shimane Saga Osaka Yamagata Hokkaido Osaka Using Agency Fukushima Health Center Kochi Health Center Yonago Health Center Hikawa Health Center Saga Health Center Toyonaka Health Center Yamagata Health Center Engaru Health Center Protection Section, Public Welfare Bureau, Osaka Prefecture Allocation and distribution of Ephedrine HC1 is not made during the summer months in order to conserve the supplies for the winter months when the need for this drug is at its highest. A special allocation of ephedrine HC1 tablets, the first of the winter season, is being made at this time. Tickets are enroute to prefectures for the following quantities. Distribution of Ephedrine Prefecture Ephedrine Hydrochloride (Tabs) Prefecture Ephedrine Hydrochloride Hokkaido 752,000 Kanagawa 545,000 Aomori 233,000 Niigata 527,000 Iwate 258,000 Toyama 207,000 Miyagi 340,000 Ishikawa 232,000 Akita 246,000 Fukui 159,000 Yamagata 251,000 Yamanashi 159,000 Fukushima 379,000 Nagano 425,000 Ibaraki 437,000 Gifu 301,000 Tochigi 324,000 Shizuoka 476,000 Gumma 302,000 Aichi 658,000 Saitama 402,000 Mie 308,000 Chiba 471,000 Shiga 170,000 Tokyo 1,533,000 Kyoto 479,000 Distribution of Ephedrine Prefecture Ephedrine Hydrochloride (Tabs) Prefecture Ephedrine Hydrochloride Osaka 761,000 Kagawa 189,000 Hyogo 747,000 Ehime 345,000 4

5 Nara 168,000 Kochi 186,000 Wakayama 216,000 Fukuoka 873,000 Tottori 127,000 Saga 218,000 Shimane 202,000 Nagasaki 317,000 Okayama 386,000 Kumamoto 433,000 Hiroshima 495,000 Oita 292,000 Yamaguchi 364,000 Miyazaki 202,000 Tokushima 170,000 Kagoshima 435,000 Total 17,700,000 tabs. Production Attention is invited to Inclosure No.4 to Public Health and Welfare Weekly Bulletin, No.101, 29 November - 5 December, which was inadvertently listed as Distribution of Medical and Sanitary Supplies and Equipment. It should read correctly as Tables of Production of Medical and Sanitary Supplies and Equipment - October A total of 4,146 pieces of the various types of DDT dusting and spraying equipment for insect control programs was produced during the period 28 Nov - 4 Dec. During the period 28 November - 4 December, 50,900 pounds of 10% DDT dust, 225 gallons of 5% DDT residual effect spray, and 10,800 vials of typhus vaccine were distributed. At the same time, 139,400 pounds of 10% DDT dust, 20,600 gallons of 5% DDT spray, and 5,225 vials of typhus vaccine were received, leaving inventory stocks on hand at regional warehouses of the Ministry of Welfare of 2,331,880 pounds of 10% DDT dust, 583,361 gallons of 5% DDT spray. As of 6 December, it was learned that a total of 16,234 vials of typhus vaccine, produced indigenously, now out-of-date, upon reassay, failed to pass potency tests of minimum standards. This stock consequently has been destroyed. At the same time, a total of 11,880 vials of U.S. produced imported vaccine, now out-of date, upon reassay, failed to pass. This, too, must be discounted from present stocks available for distribution, so that, as of 6 December, total stocks on hand in regional warehouses of the Ministry of Welfare are 29,920 vials. A complete stock on hand, in both regional warehouses and in biological-producing plants, reads, as of 6 December, 32,611 vials of U.S.-produced vaccine and 34,199 vials of Japanese-produced vaccine. The distribution of standard coal and lignite to the medical supply industry during July, August and September, the second quarter, JFY 48, in comparison to the proposed allocations during the period, is indicated as follows: Below tabulation indicates percentage of deliveries against the allocated amounts for subject period. Allocated amount of coal 30,000 tons Received amount of coal 22,931.9 Percentage 76.4% Allocated amount of lignite 22,330 tons Received amount of lignite 14, Percentage 66% 5

6 Classification by District Allocated Received Allocated Received District Am't of Coal Am't of Coal Am't of Lignite Am't of Lignite Hokkaido 1, Tohoku , tons Kanto- Shinetsu 10,500 7,713 7,400 4,342.8 Tokai-Hokuriku 1, ,550 1,863.8 Kinki 11,700 9, ,070 5,842 Chugoku Yamaguchi Shikoku Kyushu 2,450 2, Total 30,000 22, ,330 14, tons Allocated Received Allocated Received District Prefecture Am't of Coal Am't of Coal Am't of Lignite Am't of Lignite Hokkaido Hokkaido 1, Tohoku Yamagata , Iwate 5 5 Aomori Miyagi Fukushima , Total , Kanto- Tokyo-to 7,171 5,244 4,820 3,219.6 Shinetsu Chiba Ibaraki Gumma Saitama Kanagawa 1, Nagano Niigata Total 10,500 7,713 7,400 4, Tokai- Shizuoka Hokuriku Aichi , Gifu Mie Toyama Ishikawa 8 10 Total 1, ,550 1, Kinki Fukui 90 Nara Wakayama Shiga Kyoto-fu Osaka 8,708 7,221 5,565 4,408 Hyogo 1,669 1,233 1, Total 11,700 9, ,070 5,842 6

7 Allocated Received Allocated Received District Prefecture Am't of Coal Am't of Coal Am't of Lignite Am't of Lignite Chugoku Hiroshima Okayama Shimane Total Yamaguchi Yamaguchi Shikoku Tokushima Ehime 10 Kochi 20 Kagawa Total Kyushu Saga Kumamoto Fukuoka 2,117 1, Nagasaki 10 Oita 5 5 Kagoshima Total 2,450 2, Narcotic Agent Power of Arrest SECTION VI NARCOTIC CONTROL DIVISION The Narcotic Control Law (Law No.123 of 1948) which became effective 10 July 1948, has been amended so that the police power given Narcotic Agents by Diet Law No.112 will be continued. This amendment was necessary as Diet Law No.112 was based upon Imperial Ordinance No.528 which will become ineffective 1 January The new amendment will be promulgated 10 December and become effective 1 January Steel Cabinets for Narcotic Storage The Ministry of Welfare October Report of Narcotic Control Activities lists 25 thefts of narcotic stocks, one of a hospital and 24 being of individual physicians. It is recommended that all physicians reporting such thefts have their future narcotic purchases limited to a one month supply until better narcotic storage is provided. This storage may be a regulation steel safe or the much more economical steel cabinet recommended by the Narcotic Section of the Ministry of Welfare, purchase of which may be arranged through the Narcotic Agents or a narcotic local wholesaler. Licensed Agencies for Relief in Asia (LARA) SECTION VII WELFARE DIVISION LARA shipment, number 109, of relief supplies for Japan, arrived in Yokohama on 26 November aboard the S.S. Staghound and contained 9.45 tons of clothing. 7

8 LARA relief supply shipments to Japan, as reported, now total 7, tons, consisting of the following: Tons Food 5, Clothing (including shoes) 1, Medicines Cotton (raw) Miscellaneous (soaps, seeds, candles, etc.) Total 7, Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe and to the East (CARE) CARE has received two shipments of packages (oriental food pack only) since the beginning of their distribution operations in Japan in July. The following report covers the status of CARE packages for Japan as of 30 Nov: Total Packages received 19,979 Total Packages damaged 1,933 *Total Packages delivered 6,065 Total Packages in process of delivery 2,143 10,141 Total Packages (food only) on hand & not consigned 9,838 *(Includes 150 packages sent to Okinawa) Japanese Red Cross Society National Conference: A meeting of all prefectural (chapter) executives will be held at the National Headquarters (Tokyo between the dates December. The purpose of this conference is to discuss and review the following programs: Membership Campaign, Disaster Relief, Volunteer Services, Chapter Administration and Junior Red Cross. Disaster Relief Operations: A vessel owned and operated by the Kochi Prefectural Government sailing from the port of Shimoda to the port of Suzaki, was caught in the typhoon Agnes on 19 November at 0600 and was washed ashore at Kamikawaguchi at 0730 on the same date. The Japanese Red Cross sent a medical aid and rescue team immediately to the scene of the marine disaster. Emergency medical aid and treatment was administered to nine persons with three of them who were seriously injured being hospitalized. Several members of the Red Cross Volunteer Service Group in the village of Shirotakawa, near the scene of the disaster, assisted in the rescue work and gave emergency assistance (clothing and food) to the many victims. Community Chest-Japanese Red Cross Joint Fund Campaign Prefectural Reports covering the progress of the Community Chest-Japanese Red Cross Joint Fund Campaign reflect a total of 879,631, yen raised (collected) towards the established goal of 1,175,450, yen or 74.9% of quota. (Note: 13 prefectures have reached or exceeded their goal). Many prefectures are not making prompt reports covering their collections and they are to be encouraged to keep the Central Committee currently informed regarding the progress of their prefectural campaign. The progress of each prefectures in the Joint Fund Campaign, including the date of their latest report, is given below: 8

9 Prefecture Goal Amount Collected Date Reported Percent Hokkaido 70,000, ,656, Nov 79.5 Aomori 11,000, ,000, Nov Iwate 17,000, ,000, Nov Miyagi 16,000, ,000, Nov 75.0 Akita 10,000, ,100, Nov Yamagata 20,000, ,961, Nov 94.8 Fukushima 20,000, ,421, Nov Ibaraki 15,000, ,588, Dec 97.3 Tochigi 21,000, ,222, Nov 82.0 Gumma 12,000, ,030, Nov 58.6 Saitama 16,000, ,314, Nov Chiba 25,000, ,991, Nov 52.0 Tokyo 80,000, ,796, Dec 69.8 Kanagawa 70,000, ,659, Nov 56.7 Niigata 29,000, ,384, Nov 84.0 Toyama 13,000, ,065, Nov Ishikawa 13,000, ,431, Nov 88.0 Fukui 13,000,000 11,616, Nov 89.5 Yamanashi 9,450, ,451, Nov Nagano 30,000, ,728, Nov 92.5 Gifu 20,000, ,566, Nov Shizuoka 20,000, ,421, Dec Aichi 66,000, ,465, Nov Mie 20,000, ,016, Dec 95.1 Shiga 11,000, ,230, Nov 93.0 Kyoto 50,000, ,692, Nov 35.4 Osaka 85,000, ,230, Dec 73.2 Hyogo 60,000, ,881, Nov 28.1 Nara 12,000, ,000, Dec Wakayama 9,500, ,757, Nov 92.1 Tottori 9,000, ,222, Nov 58.0 Shimane 10,000, ,992, Nov 79.9 Okayama 21,000, ,546, Nov 88.4 Hiroshima 30,000, ,445, Nov 88.4 Yamaguchi 26,000, ,000, Nov 34.6 Tokushima 15,000, ,037, Nov 53.6 Kagawa 14,000, ,363, Nov 94.6 Ehime 25,000, ,259, Nov 85.1 Kochi 13,000, ,684, Nov 59.1 Fukuoka 50,000, ,059, Dec 64.1 Saga 12,500, ,500, Oct Nagasaki 20,000, ,122, Nov 10.6 Kumamoto 21,000, ,898, Dec 94.8 Oita 18,000, ,360, Nov 91.0 Miyazaki 10,000, ,000, Oct Kagoshima 17,000, ,459, Nov 26.2 TOTAL 1,175,450, ,631, % 9

10 National Survey of Physically Handicapped Persons The Ministry of Welfare has been sending out questionnaires to all prefectures in an attempt to make and accurate survey of all physically handicapped persons in Japan. In view of the fact that an unsatisfactory survey was made in April 1948 and that the compilation of these figures are urgently needed in the Rehabilitation Program for the Physically Handicapped, it is recommended that all Military Government Welfare Officers assist in expediting this survey on a local level as a target date of 1 February 1949 has been set by the Ministry of Welfare for compilation. Social Insurance Statistics SECTION VIII SOCIAL SECURITY DIVISION Reference Public Health and Welfare Weekly Bulletin No.95, Oct, regarding a summary of the Health Insurance Program, notably that part of it which is under government management. On 1 August a revision to the Law became effective which increased certain flat-rate benefits provided in the Law. However, in the benefit statistics for August shown in Inclosure No.2 these increases are not yet fully reflected due to the fact that benefit payments made in August were largely in respect to claims which arose prior to that month. Medical Fee Payment Fund Reference is made to Hohatsu Nos.87, 88, and 90, issued by the Insurance Bureau, Ministry of Welfare, to the Prefectural Governors between November 18 and 29. Hotatsu No.87 calls attention to the number of associations delinquent in making their deposits to the Medical Fee Payment Fund. To fulfill the purpose of the Fund which is to make prompt payment of medical care claims it is essential that the deposits be kept currently up-to-date. Hohatsu No.88 refers to the fact that a number of the medical care claim were incorrect owing to insufficient instructions given to insurance doctors. Also employer-owned hospitals or clinics serving a Health Insurance Society established within the same employer s business enterprise are not required to use the Fund, but are permitted to make direct settlement with the Health Insurance Society concerning payment for services rendered to members of that Society. Hohatsu No.90 calls attention to the delay in payment of medical care claims due to inefficiency in the processing thereof. Although some delay was to be expected in the first few months in preauditing the bills, this lag should be reduced with each succeeding month, until payments can be made promptly within ten days after presentation of the bill. Health Insurance Reference is made to Hohatsu No.43 dated 23 August 1948 subject: With Respect to the Insured Certificate of Health Insurance issued by the Insurance Bureau, Ministry of Welfare to the Prefectural Governor. This notice calls attention to several important factors affecting the functioning of the Health Insurance program, such as, the proper use of the insured s certificates, which is not transferable, a checking of certificates during the month of October, coordination of insurance doctors and dentists in giving medical care to dependents and the reports by employers which are to include the number of dependants of the employee. SECTION IX MEMORANDA TO THE JAPANESE GOVERNMENT PHMJG Date Subject Surveillance Distribution 84 12/9/48 Law for the Restriction of Population Inflow No MG 8th Army into Urban Areas. Note: Directive to Ministry of Construction, Japanese Government offering no objection to non-extension of above-subject law beyond 31 December

11 CRAWFORD F.SAMS Brigadier General, Medical Corps Chief 4 Inclosures: 1. TB-PH-WEL 5 - Glossary of Japanese Welfare Terms. 2. Social Insurance Statistics Benefits Granted Under Government-Managed Health Insurances. 3. Weekly Report of Communicable and Venereal Diseases in Japan for week ending 4 December Monthly Report of Communicable and Venereal Diseases in Japan for Month ending 30 November (No Restricted Annex included in this issue) 11

12 GENERAL HEADQUARTERS SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED POWERS Public Health and Welfare Section WEEKLY BULLETIN For Period December Number 103 SECTION PAGE Ⅰ GENERAL 1 Ⅱ PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2 Ⅲ VETERINARY AFFAIRS 6 Ⅳ SUPPLY 7 Ⅴ NARCOTIC CONTROL 7 Ⅵ WELFARE 8 Ⅶ SOCIAL SECURITY 11 Ⅷ MEMORANDA TO JAPANESE GOVERNMENT 13 12

13 SECTION I GENERAL The following list of Division and Branch Chiefs of Public Health and Welfare Section is published for the information of Military Government Teams: Titled Name Tel. No. Chiefs of Section Brig. Gen. Crawford F. Sams, MC Deputy Chief of Section Col. Cecil S. Mollohan, MC Executive Gordon E. DeVille Chief, Preventive Medicine Division Lt. Col. Lucius G. Thomas, MC Assistant Chief Dr. Ira Hirschy VD Control Branch Dr. Isamu Nieda Laboratory Branch Dr. Samuel R. Bozeman Epidemiology Branch ) Maj. F.E.M. Bourland, MC Port Quarantine Branch ) Sanitary Engineering Branch Mr. Edmond A. Turner Virus & Rickettsial Diseases Control Branch Dr. Charles M. Wheeler Chief, Social Security Division Mr. Leonard R. Anton Deputy Chief Mr. George F. Pollack Social Insurance Branch Mr. Peter M. Sullivan Social Insurance Analyst Mr. Dale L. Rose Economic Analysis Branch Mr. George F. Rohrlich Health Insurance Branch Mr. Harold Knoy Chief, Medical Services Division Col. Harry G. Johnson, MC Assistance Chief Dr. Milton C. Morton Nutrition Branch Miss Agnes O Donnell Chief, Health Statistics Division Mr. Leonard V. Phelps Assistant Chief Miss Esther M. Wright Chief, Veterinary Affairs Division Maj. Marion W. Scothorn, VC Assistant Chief Dr. C. T. Beechwood Chief, Welfare Division Mr. Nelson B. Neff Welfare Administration Branch Mr. Milton J. Evans Public Assistance Branch Mr. Irvin Markuson Social Work Training Branch Miss Florence Brugger Welfare Organization & Rehabilitation Branch Mr. Ferdinand Micklautz Chief, Nursing Affairs Division Miss Grance E. Alt Area Director Miss Elizabeth Pickens Senior F. H. Nurse, Nursing Consultants Branch Miss Josephine Kaser Director, Nursing Education Branch Miss Elenore Carlson Assistant Director Miss Dorothy Toom Instructor, Nursing Education Branch Miss Billie Harter Instructor, Nursing Education Branch Miss Mary Kanagamitsu Nursing Education Consultant Miss Enid Mathison Nursing Education Consultant Miss Louise Kincaid Nursing Education Consultant Miss Verginia Ohlson Chief, Supply Division Mr. Charles V. Band Production Branch Mr. Sidney F. Ascher Production Control Officer Mr. Edwin Payne Stock Control & Distribution Branch Mr. Eugene Coppola Chief, Narcotic Control Division Mr. Wayland L. Speer

14 Assistant Chief Mr. Willian Tollenger Typhus Fever Control SECTION II PREVENTIVE MEDICINE DIVISION Observations and reports from the field indicate that many members of insect and rodent control teams lack proper instruction in the technique of applying 10% DDT dust to the hair and clothing of individuals in louse control operations. Attention is called to printed instructions which may be found in: TB-PH-Preventive Medicine 3 Feb.1947 (PH&W, GHQ, SCAP) TB-MEDICAL Aug TB-MEDICAL April 1946 It is suggested that the Chief of the Sanitation Section of Health Centers be urged to conduct periodic training periods on this technique at regular intervals throughout the typhus season. Improvement in Sanitation Reference Weekly Bulletin No.87 for August and Weekly Bulletin No.94 for October in which comparisons were made between certain prefecture monthly morbidity rates for July and August 1948 with those for This article, the third and last of a series under the subject of Improvement in Sanitation, makes comparisons of morbidity rates by prefectures for intestinal diseases occurring in the intestinal disease season, -the period from 1 July to 30 September. For the information of all prefectures, case rates for the intestinal disease season are included in table form for both 1948 and 1947 for dysentery, typhoid fever, and paratyphoid fever. The rates for the entire year will be much lower than those given for the three-month period, since the majority of the year s cases occur during the period under consideration. The dysentery rate for all of Japan was one-third as high during the summer of 1948 as during the same period of 1947 (July - September). Rates for individual prefectures ranged from 10 to 82 percent of the previous years summer rates. Prefectures showing greatest improvement are chiefly in central Honshu and Shikoku. Outstanding improvement was shown by Yamanashi (10% of the rate for the 1947 season), Ishikawa (13%), Nagano (13%), Yamagata (13%), Tokushima (18%), Kagawa (19%), Tochigi (20%), Fukushima (20%), and Nara (22%). Some showing the greatest improvement still have rates considerably in excess of the national rate. The typhoid fever case rate for the three month period July to September 1948 for all Japan was 45 percent as high as for the same period in Only two prefectures failed to show improvement, is one of which the presence of an epidemic gave a case rate of 71. (The National case rate was 19.2 for July - September 1948). Outstanding improvement was shown by Kumamoto (6% of the 1947 season s rate), Yamanashi (12%), Wakayama (12%), Yamagata (15%), Miyazaki (16%), Kagawa (20%). The paratyphoid case rate for July-September 1948 for Japan was 52 percent of the rate for the corresponding period of Five prefectures failed to show improvement. The over-all reduction in dysentery is encouraging. Although a number of factors may account for this reduction, improvement of general sanitation may be given a fair share of credit. The reduction of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers, however, is further assisted by immunization programs. That the results were less favorable than in the case of dysentery may be partly attributed to a reservoir of infection existing in typhoid carriers. Mass immunizations against typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are a seasonal affair, but the discovery of carriers and their management is an important part of the health program that must remain active throughout the year. Registers of typhoid carriers should be maintained and adequate control measures instituted to prevent carriers from being a source for disease among others. Due to the carrier factor, the typhoid control program 14

15 requires and should receive the extra attention and effort required to bring all intestinal diseases to still lower levels in the coming year. Cases Rates for Dysentery, Typhoid, and Paratyphoid for Three Months Periods (July, August, September) by Prefecture, 1947 and (Rates per 100,000 population Per Annum) Dysentery Typhoid Paratyphoid Prefecture Jul-Sept Jul-Sept Jul-Sept Jul-Sept Jul-Sept Jul-Sept Hokkaido Aomori Iwate Miyagi Akita Yamagata Fukushima Ibaraki Tochigi Gumma Saitama Chiba Tokyo Kanagawa Niigata Toyama Ishikawa Fukui Yamanashi Nagano Gifu Shizuoka Aichi Mie Shiga Kyoto Osaka Hyogo Nara Wakayama Tottori Shimane Okayama Hiroshima Yamaguchi Tokushima Kagawa Ehime Kochi Fukuoka Saga Nagasaki

16 Kumamoto Oita Miyazaki Kagoshima All Japan Special Training Course for Sanitarians and Sanitary Engineers Reference Section II - Weekly Bulletin No.101 Special courses for sanitarians and sanitary engineers will begin in January 1949 at the Institute of Public Health in Tokyo. The Sanitarians Course which will begin on 10 January is designed for Chiefs of Health Center Sanitation Sections and is open to doctors, engineers, veterinarians or others with necessary technical training and background in public health work. This special course will emphasize organization, administration, and personnel training. The Sanitary Engineers Course which is expected to begin on or about 24 January is for graduate engineers only, and is designed to train personnel for key positions in the prefectural health departments. Students may be sent from the civil engineering sections of the prefectures, but they should be used in connection with public health work after being returned to the prefecture. Health Information and Education Film Libraries The following is the latest list of film libraries furnished by Civil Information & Education Section. Information concerning loan of educational films may be secured by contacting one of the libraries in your region. REGION PREFECTURE BUILDING ADDRESS Hokkaido Hokkaido Pref. Library Nishi-5-chome Kitaichijo Sapporo-shi Tohoku Aomori Pref. Government Ono Aomori-shi Iwate Pref. Library 86, Uchimaru, Morioka-shi Miyagi Pref. Library 27, Kotodaidori, Sendai-shi Akita Pref. Library 29, Higashinekoyamachi, Akita-shi Yamagata Pref. Government Hatagocho, Yamagata Fukushima Pref. Library 20, Sugitsumacho, Fukushima-shi Kanto Ibaraki Pref. Government Kita-san-no-maru, Mito-shi Tochigi Pref. Library 356, Shiodamachi, Utsunomiya-shi Gumma Pref. Government Kuruwamachi, Maebashi-shi Saitama Pref. Library 73-3-chome, Takasagomachi, Urawa-shi Chiba Pref. Library 2 Ichibamachi, Chiba-shi Tokyo Pref. Library 28 1-chome, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo-to (Kyobashi Library) Kanagawa CIE Library Kita-ku, Yokohama-shi Yamanashi Pref. Government Tachibana-cho, Kofu-shi Niigata Pref. Library Yoriimachi, Niigata-shi Nagano Pref. Library Asahi-machi, Nagano-shi 16

17 Tokai- Toyama Pref. Library Omotecho, Toyama-shi Hokuriku Ishikawa Kanazawa Municipal Library 65 Tonomachi, Kanazawa-shi Gifu Pref. Government 1 Tsukesamachi, Gifu-shi Shizuoka Pref. Library 254 Ottecho, Shizuoka-shi (Aoi Bunko) Aichi Pref. Government Minami sotoboricho, Nichi-ku Nagoyashi Mie CIE Library Komei-cho, Tsu-shi Fukui Pref. Government Shiro-machi Fukui-shi Kinki Shiga Industry Cultural Hall 1 Higashiura, Otsu-shi Kyoto Pref. Library Okazaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi Osaka Pref. Library Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi Hyogo Pref. Government 5-chome, Yamatedori, Ikuta-shi Nara Kashiwara Library Unebicho, Takaichi-gun, Nara-ken Wakayama Pref. Library Jonai, Wakayama-sh i Chugoku Tottori Pref. Library Nichimachi, Tottori-shi Shimane Pref. Library Tonomachi, Matsue-shi Okayama Pref. Government Kamiifuka, Okayama-shi Hiroshima Pref. Government Mondo-cho, Hiroshima-shi Yamaguchi Pref. Government Itsukushima, Yamaguchi-shi Shikoku Tokushima Pref. Government Tomita-uramachi, Tokushima-shi Kagawa Pref. Library Gobancho, Takamatsu-shi Ehime Pref. Government Ichibancho, Matsuyama-shi Kochi Pref. Government Marunouchi, Kochi-shi Kyushu Fukuoka Pref. Government Tenjinmachi, Fukuoka-shi Saga Pref. Government 36 Akematsu, Saga-shi Nagasaki Pref. Library 1 Kaminishiyama-machi, Nagasaki-shi Kumamoto Pref. Library Honmarumachi, Kumamoto-shi Oita Pref. Library Niagemachi, Oita-shi Miyazaki Pref. Government Miyatamachi, Miyazaki-shi Kagoshima Pref. Government Yamashitamachi, Kagoshima-shi LIST OF MOTION PICTURES AVAILABLE Insect and Rodent Control: Adaptations: CI&E 08 Winged Scourge CI&E 47 Pale Horseman Japanese: Hae (The Fly). Explanation of how epidemics are carried by flies. Source: Riken Motion Pictures Co. No.1, 3 chome Ginza Chuoku, Tokyo Price: 35mm: 55,800 yen 16mm: 26,040 yen Tuberculosis: Adaptations: CI&E 86 Home Care of Tuberculosis Japanese: Tanoshiku Ryoyo-seikatsu (Happy Life of Convalescence Patients). Introduction to the treatment of Tuberculosis. Source: Sanko Eiga Sha. No.30, 2 chome Shinbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo Price: 35mm: 30,475 yen 16mm: 20,000 yen Diphtheria: Japanese: Nobiyuku Yoiko (Grow up Healthy Youngster) Diphtheria Immunization. Source: Nippon Manga, c/o Yamaguichi Building No.30, 2 chome Shinbashi Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Price: 35mm: 30,000 yen 16mm: 18,000 yen Venereal Disease: 17

18 Japanese: Source: Price: Junketsu (Purity of Blood) Miyako Eiga Sha Chuo-ku, Shintomi-cho, Tokyo Rental of 35mm print. Price tentative; 5,000 yen to 8,000 yen. No 16mm prints available. Related subjects: Adaptations: CI&E 28 Government the Public Servant American with CI&E 29 Children s Supervised Play Japanese sound CI&E 32 Medical Specialist CI&E 34 Modern Medicine Japanese: Source: Japanese: Source: Price: Japanese: Source: Price: This Town, That Town (Ano Machi Kono Machi) City Clean-Up Campaign. Dentsu Motion Picture Co. No.1, 7 chome West Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Diary of a Public Health Nurse (Hokenfu Nikki) Nishi Nippon Eiga Sha No.13 Oiichi, Yamaguchi City Estimated price for 16mm: 20,000 yen to 25,000 yen Boshi Techo (Mother & Child Handbook) Hanabusa Yoko Educational Motion Picture Co. No.5, 1 chome Maki Machi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Prices not established. SECTION III VETERINARY AFFAIRS DIVISION Inspection Trip During the past week a visit was made to Aichi Prefecture and Gifu Prefecture. In Aichi Prefecture, two small but modern milk plants are being constructed and equipped to pasteurize milk at low temperature. It is planned to have the plants in operation by 1 February Milk processing plants producing prepared baby food are operating on a full scale and under good sanitary conditions. Food sanitation inspection is not receiving sufficient coverage due to the small number of inspectors in relation to the food establishments registered in Prefecture. Food inspectors assigned as a budget requirement are being misdirected by Health Center directors and are not devoting full time to the inspection of food due to assignment to other types of duty. In Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, The Veterinary School of the Prefectural Agriculture College was visited. This school is continuing to show improvement in following the proposed high standards of Veterinary education. Animal Diseases The Animal Hygiene Section, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry reported the following outbreak of diseases for the period December. Distribution Prefecture Disease No. of Cases Yamanashi Swine Erysipelas 1 Chiba Swine Erysipelas 1 SECTION IV SUPPLY DIVISION During the period 5-11 December, 809 pieces of DDT Dusting and spraying equipment were distributed to seven prefectures as follows: Knapsack Semi-Automatic 18

19 Prefecture DDT Duster Sprayer Sprayer Hand Sprayer Ibaraki Tokyo Osaka 100 Wakayama Tokushima 50 Fukuoka 50 Hyogo 50 Total The allocation of cotton sanitary materials (absorbent cotton, gauze and bandage) for the quarter, January, February and March 1949, was sent to all prefectural governors by the Ministry of Welfare, Japanese Government, Pharmaceutical & Supply Bureau directive dated 14 December 1948 (YAKU-HATSU #860). A detailed breakdown of this allocation is inclosed. (Incl. No.1). The allocation of controlled medicines for the quarter, January, February, and March 1949, was sent to all prefectural governors by the Ministry of Welfare, Japanese Government, Pharmaceutical & Supply Bureau directive dated 9 December 1948 (YAKU-HATSU #817). A detailed breakdown of this allocation is inclosed (Incl. No. 2). Production A total of 3,605 pieces of the various types of DDT dusting and spraying equipment for insect control programs was produced during the period 5-11 December. During the period 5-11 December, 10,000 lbs. of 10% DDT dust, and 23,330 vials of typhus vaccine were distributed. At the same time, 258,985 lbs. of 10% DDT dust and 51,600 gallons of 5% DDT spray were received, leaving inventory stocks on hand at regional warehouse of the Ministry of Welfare of 2,518,865 lbs. of 10% DDT dust, 639,149 gallons of 5% DDT spray, and 23,299 vials of typhus vaccine. Outstanding Investigations SECTION V NARCOTIC CONTROL DIVISION The Narcotic Section of the Ministry of Welfare has recently adopted a program whereby the details of outstanding narcotic investigations will be disseminated in the form of technical letters to each prefectural narcotic section. The object of this procedure is to furnish all narcotic agents now ideas on how to conduct investigations, using methods which have proven successful in previous investigations by other agents, and to stimulate the investigations of narcotic suspects and the obtaining of information that will result in successful completed cases. The first such investigation to be so distributed concerns a director of a hospital in Tokyo. The receipt of an anonymous letter, upon investigation, disclosed that this director had withheld a tremendous stock of narcotics from the hospital inventory at the time the Narcotic Law became effective on 19 June 1946, and recently tried to sell these narcotics through intermediate accomplices, on the black-market. The director and six other defendants have been apprehended to date, and a very large quantity of narcotics seized. Another considerable quantity of narcotics was stolen from the original quantity by one of the accomplices during black-market transactions and is presently being traced and has produced leads in two adjoining prefectures. This investigation and many smaller investigations, successfully completed, have been the result of intelligent checking of anonymous information which should be thoroughly investigated and not considered as worthless or a waste of time, by the Agents concerned. The names of the Narcotic Agents successfully conducting such outstanding investigations will be published as a form of Commendation for their efforts and as an incentive for other Agents to increase their investigation efforts. SECTION VI 19

20 WELFARE DIVISION Community Chest-Japanese Red Cross Joint Fund Campaign Prefectural reports received up to 15 December covering the progress of the Community Chest-Japanese Red Cross Joint Fund Campaign reflect a total of 919,920, yen raised (collections including pledges) towards the established goal of 1,175,450, yen or 78.3% of quota. Sixteen prefectures have reached or over-subscribed their quotas, namely: Aomori, Iwate, Akita, Yamagata, Fukushima, Saitama, Niigata, Toyama, Yamanashi, Gifu, Shizuoka, Aichi, Mie, Nara, Saga and Miyazaki. The progress of each prefecture in the Joint Fund Campaign, setting forth the latest date of each prefectural report is given below: Prefecture Goal Amount Collected Date Reported Per Cent Hokkaido 70,000, ,491, Dec 86.5 Aomori 11,000, ,000, Nov Iwate 17,000, ,000, Nov Miyagi 16,000, ,000, Nov 75.0 Akita 10,000, ,235, Dec Yamagata 20,000, ,152, Dec Fukushima 20,000, ,421, Nov Ibaraki 15,000, ,588, Dec 97.3 Tochigi 21,000, ,748, Dec 94.0 Gumma 12,000, ,668, Dec 88.9 Saitama 16,000, ,634, Dec Chiba 25,000, ,991, Nov 52.0 Tokyo 80,000, ,796, Dec 69.8 Kanagawa 70,000, ,120, Dec 61.6 Niigata 29,000, ,198, Dec Toyama 13,000, ,065, Nov Ishikawa 13,000, ,431, Nov 88.0 Fukui 13,000, ,616, Nov 89.5 Yamanashi 9,450, ,451, Nov Nagano 30,000, ,639, Dec 95.5 Gifu 20,000, ,566, Nov Shizuoka 20,000, ,421, Dec Aichi 66,000, ,465, Nov Mie 20,000, ,013, Dec Shiga 11,000, ,230, Nov 93.0 Kyoto 50,000, ,599, Dec 45.2 Osaka 85,000, ,663, Dec 77.3 Hyogo 60,000, ,881, Nov 28.1 Nara 12,000, ,000, Dec Wakayama 9,500, ,757, Nov 92.1 Tottori 9,000, ,222, Nov 58.0 Shimane 10,000, ,678, Dec 86.8 Okayama 21,000, ,546, Nov 88.4 Hiroshima 30,000, ,445, Nov 88.4 Yamaguchi 26,000, ,530, Dec 59.8 Tokushima 15,000, ,037, Nov 53.6 Kagawa 14,000, ,910, Dec

21 Ehime 25,000, ,259, Nov 85.1 Kochi 13,000, ,684, Nov 59.1 Fukuoka 50,000, ,059, Dec 64.1 Saga 12,500, ,500, Oct Nagasaki 20,000, ,122, Nov 10.6 Kumamoto 21,000, ,990, Dec 95.3 Oita 18,000, ,625, Dec 97.9 Miyazaki 10,000, ,000, Oct Kagoshima 17,000, ,459, Nov 26.2 TOTAL 1,175,450, ,920, Japanese Red Cross Society Disaster Relief Operations: On 8 December at 0525 hours a fire, caused from chimney sparks, broke out in Iwamatsu-mura, Fuji-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture. Thirty-eight dwellings were completely destroyed, with several damaged, leaving 252 persons homeless. Forty-five persons were slightly injured. One Red Cross Medical Aid and Relief Team (1 doctor, 2 nurses and 3 staff assistants) was dispatched to the area and gave emergency medical aid and assistance to the sufferers. Junior Red Cross: Four outstanding Junior Red Cross meetings have recently been held (three in the Niigata Chapter area and one in the Saitama Chapter area). The following information briefly summarizes the meetings: Niigata Chapter: 27 November in Chapter Headquarters auditorium. Approximately 50 Junior Red Cross representatives from Niigata City attended accompanied by their teachers. The main speaker was a Junior whose topic was The Meaning of Being a Member of the Junior Red Cross. 30 November in the Niigata Girls High School. Three hundred representatives attended. The meeting was addressed by two members of the Niigata Military Government Teams. 30 November in the Niigata First Normal School. This meeting was held for the purpose of acquainting prospective teachers with the Junior Red Cross program. 11 December in the Kawagoye Girls High School (Saitama). Junior representatives from 47 Primary and Middle Schools (and their teacher-sponsors) attended. A total of 370 persons were present for the conference. The Junior speaker addressed the conference on the subject, The Spirit of the Junior Red Cross. Volunteer Services: The National Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, is currently devising ways and means of building and expanding their Volunteer Services program and is considering many fields of endeavor including the field of health and sanitation. In considering activity by their Volunteer Services in matters related to health and/or sanitation, representatives of the Japanese Red Cross have conferred with the Public Health and Welfare Section, SCAP, and they are familiar with the content and meaning of PHMJG(69), dated 16 August 1948, subject, Dissolution of Sanitary Associations and Other Similar Organizations. It has been agreed that the Volunteer Services program could serve a useful purpose in the field of health and sanitation through a project of environmental sanitation. This project would include such activities as clean-up campaigns, swat the fly campaigns and information and publicity endeavors directed towards individuals and/or families for the purpose of making them cognizant of certain health hazards existent in and about their homes and recommend remedial measures. 21

22 Any and all Volunteer Service programs that are or may be officially conducted by a Red Cross Chapter (prefectural) are only those established and approved by the National Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society. Official Volunteer Services activity in the health and sanitation field will not be finalized until it has been coordinated with and approved by the Public Health and Welfare Section, SCAP. Public Assistance Mimeographed copies (translated) of Hatsu-sha #129, dealing with the new public assistance program, will be attached to Public Health and Welfare Section Weekly Bulletin No.104 (for period December). Public Assistance Report - October The Ministry of Welfare has submitted the following figures for the month of October Totals for September 1948 and October 1947 are furnished for purpose of comparison with the October report: October 1948 September 1948 October 1947 Persons-Institutional 143, , ,734 Persons-Non-Institutional 1,720,106 1,773,108 2,799,561 Total 1,863,912 1,917,990 2,947,295 Assistance-Cash* 565,029, ,237, ,746,101 Assistance-Kind 25,126,018 23,266,546 21,824,752 Total Yen 590,155, ,504, ,570,853 *Before deductions for repayment Public Assistance Report by Prefecture - October Prefecture Institutional Non-Institutional In Kind Cash* Hokkaido 13,796 59,775 3,892,807 22,691,724 Aomori 1,804 30, ,228 9,190,670 Iwate ,254 69,986 10,631,341 Miyagi 1,395 42,478 3,405 8,410,128 Akita ,064 2,079,643 16,463,728 Yamagata ,411 89,815 6,475,585 Fukushima ,642 48,792 13,775,364 Ibaraki 1,238 36,134 46,989 7,046,765 Tochigi 1,076 22,256 39,818 6,348,736 Gumma 4,811 35,055 10,583 10,397,080 Saitama 1,382 41,406 12,100 13,524,702 Chiba 2,680 35, ,080 9,639,948 Tokyo 17, , ,598,186 Kanagawa 5,112 42, ,898,125 Niigata 9,914 56,756 92,965 14,848,819 Toyama 1,349 27,648 25,500 8,872,224 Ishikawa 1,270 26,544 26,730 7,721,745 Fukui ,856 49,951 6,712,603 Yamanashi , ,395,992 Nagano 3,157 43, ,855 14,350,563 Gifu 2,072 31, ,440 9,138,617 Shizuoka 5,460 44,817 2,156,301 13,264,569 Aichi 7,860 63, ,058,889 Mie ,964 33,210 11,337,231 Shiga , ,788,092 22

23 Kyoto 3,692 46,765 8,000,794 17,240,440 Osaka 8,970 58,327 75,179 31,445,548 Hyogo 6,953 71, ,045,782 Nara , ,387,960 Wakayama ,302 46,563 7,814,647 Tottori 1,031 17,005 1,007,634 5,338,985 Shimane , ,567,995 Okayama 3,199 38,931 84,173 12,211,740 Hiroshima 3,441 42,216 24,171 15,867,715 Yamaguchi 9,565 31,593 20,649 12,747,885 Tokushima 2,112 26, ,920,889 Kagawa 1,927 22,169 1,245,389 5,622,826 Ehime 1,189 34, ,213 11,456,289 Kochi ,671 2,884 6,085,865 Fukuoka 1,426 17,168 1,153,093 5,976,371 Saga 1,975 32,577 2,591,029 6,703,916 Nagasaki 1,222 34,029 46,685 11,102,637 Kumamoto 1,704 36,363 52,353 11,258,088 Oita 1,330 21, ,105,999 Miyazaki 1,545 26, ,171 6,703,900 Kagoshima 1,656 50, ,715,766 TOTAL 143,806 1,720,106 25,126, ,902,669 *After deductions for repayment. SECTION VII SOCIAL SECURITY DIVISION Japanese Nationals Employed for the Occupation Forces. SCAPIN 1949 dated 13 December 1948 has been released pertaining to physical examination, immunization, medical care, hospitalization and other benefits for Japanese Nationals working for the Occupation Forces. It was issued to meet the need of further controlling expenditures from funds chargeable to occupation costs and to make modifications necessary because of recent legislation by the Japanese Diet. The issuance and control of procurement instruments and budgeting for such costs are increased responsibilities for Military Government Teams. In general it subjects to procurement instruments procedures expenditures for the medical services and cash payments required of the Japanese Government with respect to such workers under the Labor Standard Law, the National Public Service Law, as amended, and the Health Insurance Law. Protection required by such laws conform in large part with those previously prescribed by SCAPIN s and PHMJG s in the absence of Japanese legislation. Fixed costs prescribed by such laws as to amount or percentage of payroll which are the responsibility of the Japanese Government as the employer can be included in the procurement instruments now being issued covering the employment of these workers. Expenditures for services covering physical examinations, immunization and control of communicable diseases specifically prescribed by SCAPIN 1949 where special facilities are not required can be handled by procurement instruments to cover an extended period to minimize detail paper work. However, separate and specific procurement instruments and receipts are required where the construction, equipping, operation and maintenance at government expense of any special or exclusive facility is involved. The cost of services provided these workers as prescribed by the Preventive Vaccination Law, the Food Sanitation Act, the Venereal Disease Prevention Law and the Tuberculosis Preventive Law are not chargeable to Occupation Force requirements and therefore not subject to procurement instruments. The immunization requirements were particularly affected due to the comprehensive nature of the Preventive Vaccination Law. 23