JAL JAS. Brueckner and Spiller Brueckner and Spiller OD. Caves et al i Yamaguchi ii.

Transcription

1 450 OHASHI, Tadahiro Brueckner and Spiller Caves et al Brueckner and Spiller OD 2 Brueckner and Spiller JAL JAS Brueckner and Spiller i Yamaguchi ii i Vol.14 No Autumn 009

2 ii OD 1 modq m m POPODt m freq m airshare m 4 i j 2 Q ij ijdistance j jairportdum OD m 3 q im im I m m i S im Qq ij im j J m m Distance m m Distancet Brueckner and Spiller n m m ODq m 450 ODOD round trip round tripod Q j OD airshare m 010 Vol.14 No Autumn

3 qm Qj airsharem POPPOPm pm LTIME FREQ HHI ACC_FARE ACC_TIME CTS HND NGO ITM FUK OKA ODm j ODm ODqm JTB JTB JTB JTB JTB JTB POPPOP m ODm HHI JTBHHI 5 p m 6 FREQ 7 LTIME OD OD ODHHI HHI ACC_FAREACC_TIME JTBOD JTB 10 OD a m b 7 a 1 a 2 a 3 a 6 6 MR 10 8 Brueckner and Spiller Vol.14 No Autumn 011

4 9 10 n m 11 mhnditm CTSNGOFUKOKA S m Brueckner and Spiller Q j < 0Q j Q j > 0 Q j OD , , E , , , , , , E , , , , , , E , , , , , b 1 6a 1 a 5 a 1 5OD a 2 1,2,310 a 3 a a Vol.14 No Autumn

5 Q j Q j Caves et al Brueckner and Spiller OD Caves et al Brueckner and Spiller Vol.14 No Autumn 013

6 Brueckner and Spiller B Brander and Zhang Brueckner and Spiller Pels and Rietveld low-cost careersfageda and Fernandez -Villadangos Brueckner and Spiller Zhang Nero Brueckner Yamaguchi /HHIn m Vol.14 No Autumn

7 8Brueckner and Spiller b m b m b Brueckner and Spiller average conduct parameter q m /q im average conduct parameter Bresnahan Brander and Zhang Brueckner and Spiller Bresnahan Brueckner and Spiller Q j q m Brueckner and Spiller q m 12Brueckner and Spiller p m q m ODOD 3.1 OD OD 2 1Brander, J.A. and Zhang, A.1990Market conduct in the airline industry: An empirical investigation, RAND Journal of Economics, Vol. 21, pp Brueckner, J.K. and Spiller, P.T.1994Economies of traffic density in the deregulated airline industry, Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 37, pp Pels, E. and Rietveld, P.2004Airline pricing behaviour in the London-Paris market, Journal Air Transport Management, Vol. 10, pp Fageda, X. and Fernandez-Villadangos, L.2009Triggering competition in the Spanish airline market: The role of airport capacity and low-cost careers, Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 15, pp Caves, D.W., Christensen, L.R., and Tretheway, M.W.1984Economies of density versus economies of scale: Why trunk and local service costs differ, RAND Journal of Economics, Vol. 15, pp Brueckner, J.K. and Spiller, P.T.1991Competition and mergers in airline networks, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 9, pp Zhang, A.1996An analysis of fortress hubs in airline networks, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, Vol. 303, pp Nero, G.1996A structural model of intra European Union duopoly airline competition, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, Vol. 302, pp IATSS ReviewVol. 323pp Brueckner, J.K.2010Schedule competition revisited, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, Vol. 443, pp Vol. 40, pp No82, pp No. 35, pp No. 1, pp Yamaguchi, K.2007Inter-regional air transport accessibility and macroeconomic performance in Japan, Transportation Research Part E, Vol. 43, pp No. 772/IV-65pp DVol. 643pp JJNo. 53, pp Bresnahan, T.F.1982The oligopoly solution concept is identified, Economics Letters, Vol. 10, pp Economies of Traffic Density in Japanese Domestic Aviation Market By Tadahiro OHASHI This paper showed the existence of economies of traffic density in Japanese domestic aviation market. In analysis, we carried out simultaneous estimation of the supply-and-demand function using the prefectures' level's OD flow data. About supply-side economies of traffic density pointed out / taken into consideration by many existing researches, the existence was statistically significant as a result of estimation. Thus, when analyzing the structure of aviation market, the importance of taking economies of traffic density into consideration is pointed out. The coefficient of airport dummy variables, such as Haneda, Itami/Kansai, Shin-chitose Airport that are taken into consideration with a marginal cost function, has many positive cases. Thus, a possibility that a large-scale airport is the result of reflecting the height of a landing fee and congestion relatively compared with a local airport is pointed out. Key Words : Japanese domestic aviation market, simultaneous estimation of the supply-and-demand function, economies of traffic density Vol.14 No Autumn 015