BIOCLIMATIC INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION OF URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS

Transcription

1 Aristotle Uiversity of Thessaloiki Departmet of Mechaical Egieerig Process Equipmet Desig Laboratory Ε. Giama*, Ε. Κyriaki, P. Atoiadou ad A.M. Papadopoulos *Dr. Μechaical Egieer, MSc BIOCLIMATIC INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION OF URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS 45th Iteratioal HVAC&R Cogress ad Exhibitio, Belgrade,

2 Commo goal 2

3 3 Natioal ad Europea Iitiatives for evirometal ad eergy upgrade of urba eighborhoods Ø Eksoiomw Ι, opeed i The Muicipalities submitted 191 proposals which were evaluated ad 106 were approved ad their implemetatio bega i Ø Eksoikoomw ΙΙ, opeed i Sice the 139 proposals were submitted. The results of the participatig Muicipalities evaluatio are expected by the ed of Ø Projects for Reewable Eergy Sources Developmet ad Eergy Reservatio i existig Public Schools of Primary ad Secodary Educatio. The program opeed i Ø Projects for Reewable Eergy Sources Developmet ad Eergy Reservatio i Public Buildigs. The program opeed i Ø Gree Roofs i Public Buildigs, opeed i Ø Bioclimatic Itervetios of Public Ope Spaces, opeed i 2011.

4 4 The Coveat of Mayors Coutry Sigatories Populatio covered Submitted SEAP Austria (23%) 9 (75%) Belgium (44%) 54 (46%) Bulgaria (35%) 13 (46%) Croatia (46%) 44 (75%) Cyprus (58%) 15 (63%) Czech Republic (3%) 5 (100%) Demark (64%) 28 (74%) Estoia (43%) 2 (33%) Filad (36%) 6 (67%) Frace (26%) 68 (58%) Germay (21%) 50 (91%) Greece (36%) 64 (71%) Hugary (27%) 19 (76%) Irelad (32%) 5 (83%) Italy (61%) (66%) Latvia (50%) 17 (89%) Malta (28%) 24 (100%) Netherlads (24%) 14 (74%) New Zealad (9%) 1 (100%) Norway (31%) 7 (88%) Polad (9%) 28 (82%) Portugal (47%) 57 (58%) Romaia (30%) 39 (68%) Serbia (1%) 0 (0%) Slovakia (10%) 4 (100%) Sloveia (32%) 11 (35%) Spai (58%) (68%) Swede (47%) 41 (82%) Switzerlad (11%) 8 (89%) Turkey (5%) 5 (71%) Ø Ø Ø Ø 90 Greek Muicipalities have siged the Coveat of Mayors (i total of sigatures) ad 64 of them have submitted SEAPs. Italy ad Spai cout for ad sigatures Relevat actio is the Smart Cities project. I this actio two Greek cities, Patra ad Larisa, are participatig amog other 77 Europea cities. More tha 15 Europea projects i the last decade i the field of sustaiability for muicipalities ad cities.

5 5 Εuropea actios i Muicipalities ad cities (1/2) - Trasparet Eergy Plaig ad Implemetatio (TRANSPLAN), Duratio: 9/2007-2/2010. Mai Objective: The eergy plaig for local ad regioal commuities that lack fiacial resources. - Pathways to Reewable ad Efficiet Eergy Systems (PATH TO RES), Duratio: 11/2007-4/2010. Mai Objective: The developmet of a seve-step assessmet tool based o real data from local ad regioal eergy systems, by studyig ad assessig a umber of case studies i Europea Coutries. - Partership Eergy Plaig as a tool for realizig Europea Sustaiable Eergy Commuities (PEPESEC), Duratio: 1/2008-6/2010. Mai Objective: The support of Europea sustaiable eergy commuities, callig o local commuity plaig for the efficiet supply, distributio ad use of reewable eergy sources ad improved maagemet of covetioal eergy. - Sustaiable Eergy Commuities Bechmarkig of eergy ad climate performace idicators o the web (SEC-BENCH), Duratio: 11/2007-4/2010. Mai Objective: The developmet of a web-based tool to help Muicipalities to realize their potetial i terms of eergy savigs ad coversio to reewable eergy sources. - Novel ad Itegrated Model of Sustaiable Eergy Commuities (NIMSEC), Duratio: 1/2008-2/2010. Mai Objective: Tryig to resolve a series of locally idetified problems related to eergy efficiecy ad reewable eergy sources. This program targets more tha twety local commuities i four Europea regios (Bulgaria, Croatia, Spai, Sloveia).

6 6 Εuropea actios i Muicipalities ad cities (2/2) - Maagemet of Domais related to Eergy i Local authorities (MODEL), Duratio: 9/2007-2/2010. Mai Objective: Helpig 34 local authorities from 8 ew EU Member States ad cadidate coutries to become eergy models for citizes ad other muicipalities. The parters assist these Muicipalities with plaig, implemetig ad evaluatig activities to improve local eergy efficiecy, focused o their overall process maagemet. - Sustaiable Eergy i Tourism domiated Commuities (SETCOM), Duratio: 10/2008-3/2011. Mai Objective: Buildig up ad promotig 10 commuities from 10 coutries as pioeers for sustaiable eergy use i the tourism sector. Target groups iclude all tourism stakeholders, icludig compaies, admiistratios, employees ad tourists themselves. - Europea Sustaiable Eergy Commuities effective Itegrated Local Actio Today (SUSTAINABLE NOW), Duratio: 9/2008-8/2011. Mai Objective: Buildig local capacity developmet for itegrated eergy maagemet ad implemetatio of local eergy actio plas. It will stregthe the role of local ad provicial govermets ad political ad admiistrative bodies, while guidig commuities i the sustaiable eergy trasitio period. - Sustaiable Eergy Commuities Historic Urba Areas (SECHURBA), Duratio: 9/2008-2/2011. Mai Objective: Developmet of ways to ecourage eergy efficiecy practices ad reewable eergy systems i historic urba areas as well as best practice examples to ecourage other commuities, local actors ad policymakers to follow suit.

7 Evirometal assessmet tools 7

8 8 ΒREEAM for sustaiable urba eighborhoods ad buildigs (1/2) Europea Evirometal Ratig Systems The most mature Evirometal Ratig System compared to others (LEED, ΗQE, Gree Star, CABEE) Global awareess Compatibility with atioal legislatio, ISO ad CEN stadards (ISO 14001, ISO , ISO :2010, CEN / TC 350) Sigificat applicatio i buildigs BREEAM certificatios based o buildigs age

9 9 ΒREEAM for sustaiable urba eighborhoods ad buildigs (2/2) BREEAM certificatios per buildig type q Eergy q Waste maagemet q Trasport q q Lad use ad Ecology Health ad well-beig Ratig per evirometal aspect for office buildigs q Materials q Iovatio

10 10 Refurbished of ope public spaces ad public buildigs (1/3) Measures selected by Muicipalities cocerig the upgrade of ope public spaces aimed at reducig the impact of the urba islad effect. Muicipalities Vehicle speed reductio Reductio of the Urba Islad Effect Improveme Ecouragig Icrease of t of the road drivers to more surfaces to beefit evirometal exposed to the friedly su durig Pedestria trasportatio the witer Users Other (cool pavemet materials) Peristeri Piraeus Pavlos Melas Rethymo Almyro Thiva Thessaloiki Serres Ilida Amaroussio Kordelio-Evosmos

11 11 Refurbished of ope public spaces ad public buildigs (2/3) Measures selected by the Muicipalities for the reovatio of ope public places i order to achieve a upgrade of the area. Upgrade of ope spaces Muicipalities Evapor ative Coolig Greei g the area Cool Materials Icrease shaded surfaces durig the summer, usig atural or artificial meas (plats, shades) Other (reduced cosumptio for lightig-use of photovoltaic systems) Peristeri Piraeus Pavlos Melas Rethymo Almyro Thiva Thessaloiki Serres Amaroussio Kordelio-Evosmos Glyfada

12 12 Refurbished of ope public spaces ad public buildigs (3/3) Measures suggested by the Muicipalities for the upgrade of the public buildigs i order to achieve eergy savig. Eergy Savig i Buildigs Public Buildigs Use of exter al shadi g Gree Roof Cool Materi als Use of solar paels for DHW Other (architectural desig o a ew costructed buildigisulatiowidowslightig) 3rd Primary School of Moschato 2d High School of Moschato Primary & Secodary Educatio School Buildigs of the Muicipality of Chaidari 3rd Juior High School of Kozai

13 13 Evaluatio of idicative proposed itervetios by category of iterest Category of Iterest Itervetios Hot- Humid Climate Hot-Dry Climate Cold- Humid Climate Cold- Dry Climate Vehicle speed reductio Reductio of the Urba Islad Pheomeo Ecouragig drivers to more evirometal friedly trasportatio Improvemet of the road to beefit the Pedestria Users Icrease of surfaces exposed to the su durig the witer Eergy Savig i Buildigs Upgrade of ope spaces Use of exteral shadig Gree Roof Cool Materials Use of solar paels for DHW Evaporative Coolig Greeig the area Cool Materials Icrease shaded surfaces durig the summer, usig atural or artificial meas (plats, shades)

14 14 Idicative cost Ope Spaces Cost m2 /m2 Peristeri , ,00 133,88 Pavlos Melas , ,00 47,73 Rethymo , ,00 181,47 Almyros , ,00 197,44 Thiva , ,00 88,78 Thessaloiki , ,00 52,10 Serres , ,00 122,09 Amaroussio , ,00 112,19 Kordelio-Evosmos , ,58 150,22 Chalkida , ,53 223,76 Larisa , ,00 194,75 Glyfada , ,00 110,83 I case of public buildigs the measures set are referrig to eergy savig i buildigs. A average cost for the implemetatio measures per square meter is 185,22 /m2.

15 15 Example: The bioclimatic rehabilitatio of the Neoktista area i Pavlos Melas muicipality, Thessaloiki (1/6) located i the greater area of Thessaloiki i Greece betwee a former military camp o its souther border ad the Psychiatric Hospital o its orther border, i the Muicipal Commuity of Stavroupoli i Thessaloiki, Greece.

16 16 Bioclimatic rehabilitatio of Pavlos Melas (2/6) lack of urba greeery buildig materials with high thermal storage ad low reflectivity (asphalt, pavig ad cocrete)

17 Bioclimatic rehabilitatio of Pavlos Melas (3/6) stregtheig of urba greeery extesive use of cool materials (cool asphalt, cool cemet tiles ad cool graite for sidewalks) trasformatio of street to pedestria areas

18 Results - Air temperature at z=1.80 m at 14:00 (4/6) Air temperature ºC - 38 ºC Existig situatio Air temperature ºC ºC Situatio after the upgrade

19 Results - Surface temperature at z=0.00 m at 14:00 (5/6) Surface temperature ºC ºC Existig situatio Surface temperature ºC ºC Situatio after the upgrade

20 20 Bioclimatic rehabilitatio of Pavlos Melas (6/6) A fuctioal, friedly, aesthetically ad quality ehaced eviromet is achieved Improved levels of thermal comfort ad hece livig stadards i the regio are achieved The urba gree space is ehaced Sigificat eergy savigs i the surroudig buildigs are achieved as the thermal loads are decreasig The project, with a budget of 4,5 millio Euros, will commece i early 2013, co-fiaced by the Bioclimatic urba rehabilitatio actio, ΕΠΠΕΡΑΑ Desig team: Dr. N.Soulakis & associates, Architectural Desig Prof. A.M.Papadopoulos & associates, Bioclimatic Study Directorate of Techical Services, Muicipality of Pavlos Melas

21 21 Coclusios (1/3) Eergy Plaig towards Sustaiability Dissemiatio Time Eviromet Cost Beefit Huma resources Data Aalysis

22 22 Coclusios (2/3) The most importat itervetios to achieve the evirometal ad social goals are divided ito three categories: reducig the impact of the urba heat islad effect, upgradig the ope spaces ad savig eergy i buildigs. The most popular measures accordig to the applicatios that have bee made at the Muicipalities are relative to the urba islad pheomeo, the improvemet of the road coditio for the beefit of users ad the use of cold materials at the pavemet. The most popular measures for the upgrade of ope spaces are the establishmet of gree areas, the use of cold materials ad the use of proper systems i order to reduce electricity eeds of the space.

23 23 Coclusios (3/3) I case of eergy savig i buildigs, the most frequetly applied measures are the istallatio of solar collectors for domestic hot water productio ad the eergy upgrade of the buildig usig thermal isulatio ad eergy efficiet widows. Regardig public areas the observed cost rages /m2, which is elevated compared to the rages recorded for ope areas. I case of ope spaces itervetios, costs rage betwee 45 ad 200 /m2, compared to the average expected cost of 133,80 /m2.