Contents. List of illustrations Acknowledgements Abbreviations. Conclusion: space and society in the Greek and Roman worlds 159

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1 Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations page x xiv xvi Introduction 1 1 Inheriting and articulating a community: the agora at Cyrene 14 2 Networks of polytheism: spaces for the gods at Delos 45 3 Spaces of alienation: street-lining Roman cemeteries 77 4 A spatial approach to relationships between colony and metropolis: Syracuse and Corinth The place of Greece in the oikoumene of Strabo s Geography 137 Conclusion: space and society in the Greek and Roman worlds 159 Bibliographic essay 170 Bibliography 177 Index 198 ix

2 Illustrations 1.1 The region of Cyrenaica and the city of Cyrene page 16 ( Figures 1.10 and 1.38 in Luni, M. ed. (2006) Cirene Atene d Africa. L Erma di Bretschneider, Rome) 1.2 The agora of Cyrene bc 18 (adapted from p. 63 Bonacasa, N. and Ensoli, S. eds. 1.3 The tomb of Battus in the agora of Cyrene c.550 bc 21 ( Figure 51 in Stucchi, S. (1965) L Agorà di Cirene 1: Il lati nord ed est della platea inferiore (MAL 7). L Erma di Bretschneider, Rome) 1.4 The agora of Cyrene bc 27 (adapted from p. 64 Bonacasa, N. and Ensoli, S. eds. 1.5 The Nike and Ship statue from the agora of Cyrene c.250 bc 31 ( p. 88 Bonacasa, N. and Ensoli, S. eds. (2000) Cirene. Electa) 1.6 (a) The agora of Cyrene by the third century ad and (b) in late Antiquity 35 (adapted from p. 77 Bonacasa, N. and Ensoli, S. eds. 1.7 The Augusteum (former wellhouse) in the agora of Cyrene in the first century ad 36 ( Figure 180 in Stucchi, S. (1965) L Agorà di Cirene 1: Il lati nord ed est della platea inferiore (MAL 7). L Erma di Bretschneider, Rome) 1.8 The temenos of Aristaeus (Anax) covered over by paving in the second century ad 38 ( p. 83 Bonacasa, N. and Ensoli, S. eds. (2000) Cirene. Electa) 1.9 The ruins of the agora of Cyrene as they stand today 42 x

3 ( p. 133 in Luni, M. ed. (2006) Cirene Atene d Africa. L Erma di Bretschneider, Rome) 2.1 The island of Delos and its main excavated regions 46 (Figure 1 in Bruneau, Ph. and Ducat, J. (2005) Guide de Délos and Figure 104 in Papageorgiou-Venetas, A. (1981) Recherches urbaines sur une ville antique: Délos. EfA) 2.2 Reconstruction of the sanctuary of Apollo and Artemis on Delos 47 ( Figure 39 in Bruneau, Ph. and Ducat, J. (2005) Guide de Délos. EfA) 2.3 The sanctuaries on Delos by the end of the Archaic Period 49 (Plan E in Gallet de Santerre, H. (1958) Délos primitive et archaïque. Paris) 2.4 View from the Apollo and Artemis sanctuary to Mt Cynthus, Delos View from Mt Cynthus over Delos Model of the main sanctuaries on Delos bc Model of the main sanctuaries on Delos bc Map of the Terrace of Foreign Divinities 63 ( Dépliant 5 in Bruneau, Ph. and Ducat, J. (2005) Guide de Délos. EfA) 2.9 Model of the main sanctuaries on Delos bc Watercolour reconstruction of the area of the Apollo and Artemis sanctuary, Delos in the first century bc 69 ( Aquarelle de Délos in Bruneau, Ph., Brunet, M., Farnoux, A. and Moretti, J-C. (1996) Délos: Ile sacrée et ville cosmopolite. EfA) 3.1 Map of the city and surroundings of Ostia with main burial areas marked 79 (adapted from Figure 1 p. 15 in Heinzelmann, M. (2000) Die Nekropolen von Ostia: Unterschungen zu den 3.2 Burials at Ostia in the Porta Laurentina area 82 xi

4 xii (adapted from Figures p in Heinzelmann, M. (2000) Die Nekropolen von Ostia: Unterschungen zu den 3.3 Burials at Ostia in the Porta Romana area 84 (adapted from Figures p in Heinzelmann, M. (2000) Die Nekropolen von Ostia: Unterschungen zu den 3.4 The city of Pompeii 87 (adapted from map p. xxiv in Richardson, L. (1988) Pompeii: an architectural history Johns Hopkins University Press) 3.5 Burials at the Nucerian gate, Pompeii 90 (adapted from map 1 in De Caro, S. (1983) Un impegno per Pompeii: Fotopiano e documentazione della necropoli di Porta Nocera upon authorisation of the Ministry for Cultural 3.6 Burials at the Herculaneum gate, Pompeii 92 (Plan V in Mau, A. and Kelsey F. (1899) Pompeii: its life and art. London) 3.7 Tombs of Eumachia and Navoleia Tyche, Pompeii 93 ( upon authorisation of the Ministry for Cultural 3.8 Map of Rome 97 (adapted from Map 9 in Grundy, G. B. (1917) Murray s Small Classical Atlas. London) 3.9 Tombs of Caecilia Metella, Cestius and Eurysaces on the roads outside Rome 100 (A: adapted from Figure 35 in Castagnoli, F. (1956) Appia Antica British School of Rome; B: Figure 26 in Castagnoli, F. (1956) Appia Antica. Milan; C: Figure 12 in Castagnoli, F. (1956) Appia Antica. Milan; D: upon authorisation of the Ministry for Cultural Heritage and Environment, Roma Capitale; E: Figure 112 in Roullet, A. (1972) The Egyptian and Egyptianising monuments of Imperial Rome. Leiden) 3.10 View of alienating streets of tombs at Nucerian and Herculaneum gates, Pompeii 108 ( upon authorisation of the Ministry for Cultural

5 4.1 Syracuse and the surrounding region 112 (p. 221 and 228 in Coarelli, F. and Torelli, M. (1984) Guide archaeologiche Laterza Laterza) 4.2 Corinth and the Corinthia 114 (Plan V in Williams, C. and Bookidis, N. eds. (2003) Corinth: the centenary courtesy of the American School of Classical Studies, Corinth Excavations) 5.1 The world according to Strabo 138 (Figure facing p. 238 in Bunbury, E. (1879) History of Ancient Geography vol. 2. London) xiii