The Settlement of A New Land : Canada

Transcription

1 The Settlement of A New Land : Canada Part One : DIVITO 2018

2 In the beginning: After the discovery of the great fishing along the coast of the Atlantic Provinces, fertile land along the St. Lawrence, and excellent beaver fur trading with the Aboriginals, the French, the British and the Spanish all rushed across the Atlantic Ocean to establish settlements in this New Land.

3 The French built settlements along the coast of Nova Scotia and called it Acadia. Above (right) is a drawing of Port Royal, the capital of Acadia. It was an early settlement in Nova Scotia. A year later, in 1608, Samuel de Champlain moved from Acadia along the St. Lawrence River and built Abitation De Quebec (left), also know as Quebec City, in an area called New France. By 1713, France had spread across most of North America.

4 The British settled thirteen colonies along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The above picture shows the British pilgrims aboard a ship called the Mayflower. It arrived in 1620 with many new settlers looking to live in the new land. The population quickly grew from 2000 settlers in 1625 to 250,000 in The spread of the settlers caused much conflict with Aboriginals in the area. By 1775, the British colonies had reached 2 million.

5 Canada s First Settlements: Looking at this map from the early 1700 s, we can tell that France had the majority of the new land. This included Acadia, as the French called it. It guarded the entrance to the St. Lawrence and had excellent cod fishing, a fish the French ate on certain religious days. In Acadia, the French became good friends with the Mi Kmaq.

6 Peace doesn t last for long The French and British had different languages, and religions, but both wanted the new land They had been fighting each other in Europe even before they decided to settle the new land Once settlements grew and fur trading became popular, they started fighting in the new land too New settlements were often taken over by both the French and British over the next one hundred years Most settlements, like St. John s (British) and Fort Louisburg (French) switched back and forth several times.

7 The Queen Anne War Also known as the War of the Spanish Succession. In 1702, Britain was at war against France and Spain, who were allies. Different Aboriginal groups were also allies with all three countries.

8 The Queen Anne War Most of the war was fought in Europe, but the French, British and Spanish colonies in North America also fought for control of this new continent.

9 The Queen Anne War 1)The British colonies to the south attacked Spanish Florida, but not much territory changed hands. However the allied Aboriginals were almost wiped out. 2)The British colonies to the north attacked Acadia and New France. The French had many Aboriginal allies, but in 1710, the British took over the capital of Acadia, called Port Royal. The British also attacked Quebec City several times, but did not take it. 3)The French took over the British colony in St. John s, Newfoundland, and had the entire Island, but abandon it and the British reoccupied it.

10 The Treaty of Utrecht When the war ended between the three countries, the French and the British signed a treaty to solve who gets what. It was called the Treaty of Utrecht. In this treaty the French gave up claims to Newfoundland and Labrador. In this treaty the French gave up claims to Hudson s Bay. In this treaty the French gave up some parts of Acadia.

11 The French kept New Brunswick. The French kept the islands of Ile St. Jean. (P.E.I) The French kept Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island) The French gave Nova Scotia to the British. How Acadia was divided DIVITO, 2018

12 How North America looked after the Treaty of Utrecht, After 1713, the French lost a lot of important land to the British. Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and the Hudson s Bay area are now all British. Also, much of New France is disputed because the British are moving inwards. At this time, Acadia had about 2,500 French settlers. The British colonies had about 250,000 settlers. The Acadians were now under British rule!

13 Part One : 1600 to 1713 Completed DIVITO 2018