THE RURAL TERRITORIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, THE SUPPORT FOR RURAL TOURISM ECONOMY IN THE DANUBIAN AREA OF THE SOUTH MUNTENIA REGION

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1 THE RURAL TERRITORIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, THE SUPPORT FOR RURAL TOURISM ECONOMY IN THE DANUBIAN AREA OF THE SOUTH MUNTENIA REGION Iulia DRĂGHICI 1,Ioaa ŢUGUI 2 1 Uiversity of Agricultural Scieces ad Veteriary Medicie, Bucharest Marasti, District 1, 11, Bucharest, Romaia, Phoe:+ 3 iuliadraghici32@yahoo.com 2 Uiversity of Agricultural Scieces ad Veteriary Medicie, Bucharest Marasti, District 1, 11, Bucharest, Romaia, Phoe: ioaa_petre_tugui@yahoo.com Correspodig author: iuliadraghici32@yahoo.com Abstract The scope of agritourism activities is related to the existet territorial ifrastructure. For this reaso there is a proouced differetiatio ad diversificatio of rural tourism ad agritourism types i the South-Muteia Regio which sometimes geerate cofusio. Meaig that, accordig to the ecoomic character, the Daubia rural area ca delimitate villages with agricultural fuctios (based o the productio of cereals, as well as the viticultural ad zootechical productios), those with agri-idustrial fuctios, with agricultural ad fishig fuctios ad villages with agricultural ad tourism fuctios. As such, the agritourism of the area cosidered these very mixed types characterized by the irregularity of the touristic services. We refer to the uiqueess due to the Daubia geographic area, but also to the uiqueess i time (mostly due to the fact that the agritourism seaso is costatly differet). This cotext brigs out the eed to kow ad evaluate the differet types of ifrastructure which limit the tourist's access i the area. Key words: agritourism, ifrastructure, accommodatio, urbaistic comfort fuctioality, rural area revitalizatio. INTRODUCTION The rural tourism is the type of tourism practiced i the rural eviromet, as a local developmet ecoomic factor, which results from the services redered to customers i order to satisfy their eeds. As they appeal to the uder-privileged categories of the populatio, ad especially durig periods of ecoomic crisis, kowig the ifrastructure with special referece o the cheap accommodatio ad trasport routes is ecessary. The ifrastructure is cosidered a resultat of the agritourism programs related to meas of commuicatio, public utilities, buildigs etc., with their differet upgraded types i the rural area. I relatio to this issue the agritourism potetial of the Daubia area i the South-Muteia Regio has bee studied, also havig the greatest implicatios i the capitalizatio of local resources ad i boostig the life coditios of the ihabitats, i the social ad ecoomic developmet of the rural locality ad of the commuity i geeral, i the protectio ad preservatio of the atural ad built eviromet, which i this cotext mea brigig a impulse to the rural ecoomic activities. Therewith, by developig the ifrastructure of this area, oe ca capitalize the atural framework, which is i itself a developmet side of the local Daubia ecoomy fittig i the scope of services ecessary to the rural society[1] MATERIAL AND METHOD The etire ow ecoomic ad social activity of the area is based o harmoizig the two essetial ad iheret factors - ature ad huma beig. The agritourism, i the cotext of these aspects, discloses the fact that the social efficiecy reaches a extremely sesitive poit of the rural life, meaig the quality of life, populatio behavior, degree of educatio ad civilizatio. I order to highlight these aspects the hereby paper 1

2 stresses the ecessity of a local ifrastructure, makig refereces to accommodatio ad meas of trasport. Hece, we cosider the followig idicators: a) touristic activity trasport efficiecy, which is calculated i differet maers accordig to the type of exploitatio. These idicators may have the followig structural form: the desity of public roads, the weight of the upgraded roads, lightweight blaket roads; b) accommodatio activity efficiecy idicator. The accommodatio is the first of the touristic services redered, represetig approximately of the total turover. The efficiecy of the accommodatio ca be capitalized through geeral idicators, such as the umber of houses i the rural eviromet ad their capacity, alog with aalytical forms referrig to the umber of houses per 1 ihabitats, the coditio of the curret water, sewerage ad atural gas supply edowmets. All these idicators i absolute ad relative figures have bee redered as the curret coditio of the rural commuities i the Daubia couties area of the South- Muteia developmet Regio; there were also comparisos performed with referece to the total of the etire regio. Oly by kowig these accessibility levels ca agritourism become a cocrete model for revitalizig the rural area, fouded ot o purely coservative reasos exclusively subjected to the rural life system, but o a ecoomic, spiritual ad social eed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 1.The structure of road trasport routes. At this poit, public roads represet the most popular type of structure amog tourists ad it is directly liked to their comfort durig travellig. This meas that the most importat place i regards to trasportatio is reserved to road trasport ad that is why the issue of expadig the trasport etwork is always a curret oe. The elemets i table 1[2] show the fact that for the Daubia territory i the South-Muteia Regio, for the period betwee 2-2 these commuicatio meas, the commual ad couty roads, have bee developig differetly. Accordig to the data i this table: - cocerig the desity of public roads (expressed i km/sqkm), oe ca observe that at the level of the etire regio there is a tedecy for accessio from 3.3 i 2 to 3. km/sqkm i 2. This tedecy for accessio for the four Daubia couties. But, the level of this desity is lower tha the average of the regio (for 22 i Călăraşi couty the miimum level is 23.1 ad i 2 the miimum level is 2. km/sqkm, ad i couty these levels vary from 2.2 km.sqkm i 2 to 2.3 km/sqkm i 2); Table 1. The evolutio of roads desity i Daubia couties of the South-Muteia Regio Str Teritor. Public roads desity (km/1 sqkm) Total reg. 3,3 3,3 3, 3,3 Călăraşi 23,1 23,1 23,1 23,1 Ialomiţa 2, 2, 2, 2, Giurgiu 3, 3, 3, 3, 2,2 2,2 2,2 2,2 Upgraded roads ( of total) Total reg. 2,1 2, 2, 2, Călăraşi 3, 3, 3, 3, Ialomiţa 32, 3, 3, 3, Giurgiu 33,2 33, 33, 33, 32, 33, 32, 3, Upgraded roads of total atioal roads () Total reg.,,3,, Călăraşi,,,, Ialomiţa, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, Giurgiu,,,, Lightweight blaket roads of total roads () 3, 2, 2, 3, 2,3 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,,3,2 2,1 3,, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2,3 2,2 3,1 3, 3,1 3,1,, 2,1 3,, , 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 32,2 32,3 32,3 2,3 2,3 2,3 2,3 2,3 32,3 3,1 3,2,1 31,2 32, 3, 33, 3, 2, 2,1 2,,3,,,,,, 2,1 2,3 2,3 3, 3, 3,,,2, Total reg. 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, Călăraşi 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,1 2,1 2,1 2,1 Ialomiţa 13,2,,,,,,,, Giurgiu,,,,,3,3,3,3,3,,,, 1, 1,,,, Source: South Muteia Regio, Social ad Ecoomic Idicators 2-2, INS, DRS, Călăraşi, 2. Auarul Statistic al Româiei (Romaia's Statistic Directory), INS,2, 2, 2. - cocerig the upgraded roads, expressed i percets from total, oe ca otice that for the four Daubia couties the upgraded roads i 2 represet betwee 32. ad 3., 2

3 ad i 2, they represet betwee 3. ad.3, ad the weight of upgraded roads i the total umber of atioal roads varies betwee. i 2 ad. i 2; - i 2, the lightweight blaket roads at the level of the South-Muteia Regio hold 3. of the total atioal roads; i the case of the four aalyzed couties, the variatios rage betwee.3 ad To be oted that i the period betwee 2 ad 2 there was a sigificat developmet of the roads etwork towards the superior categories. Also, oe may add the fact that the degree of moderizatio of these roads is very differet o couties ad areas. The etire regioal roads etwork icludes the atioal roads, whose quatum is slightly iferior to the upgraded oes. The desity of public roads per 1 sqkm of territory for the South- Muteia developmet Regio is differetiated (there are rural localities which do ot have cobbled or paved roads). We make this statemet because the tedecy of every tourist is to drive by meas of ow vehicle from the place of residece to the agritourism uit (household/pesio). 2. The structure of the ihabitable capacities ad the ifrastructure of houses' edowmets i the rural eviromet i the Daubia area of the South-Muteia Regio A issue of great importace i the rural tourism/agritourism developmet is the rural residece, as its level of edowmet ad moderizatio is cosidered the mai elemet i attractig tourists. The refereces to the water ad atural gas supply, the existece of a sewerage etwork etc., preseted via adequate idicators stress agritourism appeal elemets, but also the livig coditios ad village civilizatio. Therewith, the characteristics of this house delimitate the fuctioal classificatio of the rural settlemets. For this, withi the area of the aalyzed Daubia regio is required to cosider a variety of elemets as close as possible to the reality of the ecessary resources, referrig to certai territorial criteria, ad specifically to their use. Table 2 reders the umber of houses per 1 ihabitats i the period betwee 2 ad 2, which uderlies the followig aspects: Table 2. The evolutio of the umber of houses per 1 ihabitats i the period betwee 2 ad 2 Coty/ regio Total regio Călăraşi Ialomiţa Giurgiu Ihab , 1, 1, 1, 1 Ihab , 1, 1, 1, 1 Ihab , 1, 1, 1, 1 Ihab , 1, 1, 2 1, 3 1 Ihab , 1, 3 1, 3 Source: South-Muteia Regio, Social ad Ecoomic Idicators 2-2, INS, DRS, Călăraşi, 2. Auarul Statistic al Româiei (Romaia's Statistic Directory), INS,2, 2, 2. -At the level of the etire South-Muteia Regio the umber of houses per 1 ihabitats i 2 was of 3 ad i 2 it reached 3, havig a costat icreasig tedecy; -Cocerig the four Daubia couties, for the same period, 2 to 2, is oticed the same icreasig tred for this umber of houses, but with differeces betwee the couties; so, i Călăraşi ad Ialomiţa, the level of this idicator is below the average of the regio ad i Giurgiu ad couties, the umber of these houses is above the South-Muteia Regio The quality aspect is still relevat, regardig the utilities i these houses. I table 3 are redered a few represetative coefficiets of the quality aspect i the edowmet of houses. For 2, the followig may be sigificat: - regardig houses, oe otices that the umber of fiished houses is 3 i couty ad 323 i Călăraşi couty; there are also differeces betwee couties regardig the useful built surface of the houses; - regardig the water supply, oe otices that the umber of localities with water supply 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,1 3 1, 1, 1,1 1, 1,1 1

4 etwork is of oly 1 i Giurgiu couty ad 1 i Călăraşi couty. Regardig to the same system of utilities, oe may state that the total simple legth of the distributio etwork rages betwee 3 km i couty, 3 km i Călăraşi couty ad 3 km î i Giurgiu couty. As for the total quatity of water distributed, studies show that the highest level is i couty ad the lowest level is i Călăraşi couty; Table 3. The situatio of houses ad their edowmets (water, sewerage) i the rural area of the Daubia couties i the South-Muteia Regio Fiished houses Couties Total (o.) Built surface (sqm) Useful surface (sqm) Ihabitable surface (sqm) Total Giurgiu Călăraşi Ialomiţa Water ad atural gas supply Couties Localities with water supply (o.) Total simple legth of the etwork (km) Fresh water distributed (thousad cubic m) Total Giurgiu Călăraşi Localities with sewerage systems (o.) Ialomiţa Processed usig: Auar Statistic al Judeţelor: Călăraşi, Ialomiţa, Giurgiu,, (Statistic Directory of Călăraşi, Ialomiţa, Giurgiu, Couties) 2, INS, DJS *) the data for Giurgiu couty oly refers to total per couty. - there are oly localities with sewerage systems i couty, ad oly oe i each of the couties Giurgiu ad Călăraşi. Regardig the buildig of these houses, oe ca show that the majority of the houses ad residetial buildigs i the rural area of the regio are fuded by the populatio's ow fuds. The performace correspods to the authorizatio orms i force. As for the fiished houses, a aalysis from the quarterly structural schedule poit of view reveals that the performace of costructio works begis most of the times i the secod quarter ad eds i the fourth quarter or eve the ext year. The uique offers for agritourism products/services which ca be cosidered as oe of a kid i the South-Muteia Regio, are the result of some market policies, accordig to which these rural tourism/agritourism products fit i the advatages of a strategy created by the coditios ad the heritage of the area. This ca lead to the coclusio that as for the ihabitable capacities, they are eough from a quatity poit of view, both ow ad i the future. Where the qualitative side is cocered, beig iterpreted by the degree of comfort, it is still cosidered that there is a low or sometimes very low level of quality. We refer to the fact that this degree of comfort does ot respod to the expectatios of the tourists from urba areas ad especially from foreig coutries. The aalysis of this assembly of situatios, the existece ad fuctioality of urbaistic comfort utilities reveals that all these may still be impedimets. This may be true, as the volume ad structure of these existig utilities i the rural area of South-Muteia Developmet Regio still show uderprivileged elemets for the potetial tourist. We maily refer to the weight values, which are still low for the situatio of the couties. There is a isufficiet developmet ad a high degree of wear of the physical ad urbaistic ifrastructure. Eve areas with heavy traffic, where they offer a series of advatages i trasports, eed ivestmets to complete the curret ifrastructure as the actual available fuds are isufficiet compared to the requiremets. CONCLUSIONS This study lead to coclusios related to the implicatios of road trasport routes' structure ad the ihabitable capacities, the ifrastructure of the houses' edowmet i the Daubia rural area of the South-Muteia Regio, i the

5 coditios of developig the agritourism activities. 1.- The rural territorial ifrastructure is a support of the rural tourism ecoomy i the Daubia area of the South-Muteia regio. This is cosidered a resultat of the agritourism programs referrig to meas of commuicatio, public utilities, buildigs etc., with their differet upgraded types i the rural area. 2.- The structure of road trasport routes, is related ad coditios the types of tourism i geeral, especially because of the trasport issue. For this Daubia area as well, the most importat is the road trasport, ad for that there is always the issue of developig this trasport etwork. Oe ca refer to the followig: the desity of public roads which has a tedecy to icrease; the upgraded roads which have a weight of. to. i the aalyzed area; the lightweight blaket roads which vary betwee.3 ad 13.2 at the territorial level of the couties. Also, oe ca add the fact that the moderizatio degree of these roads is very differet betwee the couties ad areas. The total regioal roads etwork icludes atioal roads whose quatum is slightly iferior to upgraded roads. The desity of public roads per 1 sqkm of territory is differetiated for the South-Muteia Developmet Regio (there are rural localities which do ot eve have cobbled or paved roads). 3.- The structure of the ihabitable capacities ad the ifrastructure of houses' edowmets i the rural eviromet i the Daubia area of the South-Muteia Regio, is a very importat issue due to the fact that its degree of edowmet ad moderizatio is cosidered the mai elemet i attractig tourists. The referrals to the water ad atural gas supply, the existece of a sewerage system etc., preseted by the adequate idicators stress the agritourism attractive elemets, but also stress the life coditios ad village civilizatio. As for the use of houses, redered by the umber of houses per 1 ihabitats i the period betwee 2 ad 2, the aalysis showed that the umber of houses is icreasig, ad i Giurgiu ad couties the umber of these houses exceeds the average of the South-Muteia Regio. The aalysis of the quatitative aspect was focused o the existece of utilities i these houses from the couties take ito study. It showed that a) the umber of fiished houses is of 3 i couty ad 323 i Călăraşi couty (the amplitude regardig the useful ihabitable built surface, uderlies the same couties; b) the umber of localities with waper supply etworks - the total simple legth of the water distributio etwork is betwee 3 km i couty, 3 km i Călăraşi ad 3 km i Giurgiu couty. As for the total quatity of water distributed, it shows that i couty is registered the highest level, ad i Călăraşi couty the lowest; c) there are oly localities with sewerage systems i couty ad oe i each of the couties: Giurgiu ad Călăraşi. We ca also metio that most of these houses are fuded by the populatio. It is relevat that the costructio works begi i the secod quarter of the schedule ad are fiished i the fourth quarter or eve the ext year. I discussig the qualitative side, it has bee iterpreted by the degree of comfort ad oe ca coclude that there still is a low ad eve very low level of quality. We refer to the fact that this degree of comfort is ot at the level of the tourists' demad, who usually come from urba areas ad especially from abroad. There is a isufficiet developmet ad a high degree of wear both of the physical ad urbaistic ifrastructure. Eve the areas with heavy traffic, where they offer a series of trasport advatages, eed ivestmets to complete the existet ifrastructure, as the actual available fuds are isufficiet compared to the requiremets. All these public uits ad idividual houses of the rural area represet a very importat motivatioal request for the agritourism appeal i this area.

6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research work was carried out with the support of the Miistry of Agriculture ad Rural Developmet, Departmet of Statistics. INS. REFERENCES [1]Drăghici. I, 21, Cercetări privid dezvoltarea agroturismului de-a lugul Duării di Regiuea de dezvoltare Sud-Muteia (Research regardig the agritourism developmet alog the Daube i the South-Muteia developmet Regio), Teză de doctorat (Doctor's Thesis), USAMV Bucureşti [2]Regiuea Sud-Muteia, Idicatori socio-ecoomici (South-Muteia Regio, social ad ecoomic idicators) 2-2, INS, DRS, Călăraşi, 2. Auarul Statistic al Româiei (Romaia's Statistic Directory), INS,2, 2, 2.