Geothermal Space Heating in North China to Mitigate Air pollution: A Success story

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1 Geothermal Space Heating in North China to Mitigate Air pollution: A Success story Prof Dr. PANG Zhonghe Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Contact : z.pang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

2 Acknowledgements Technical advice: Prof. Wang Jiyang Contributors: Hu Shenbiao,Yang Fengtian,Duan Zhongfeng, Li Weiwei, Luo Ji Funding agencies: National Nature Science Foundation of China SINOPEC Local Support: Baodin Government Green Energy Company Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

3 Outline Geothermal background and Karst distribution in China Characteristics of Karstic geothermal reservoirs Sustainable development of karstic geothermal reservoirs A case study: Xiongxian City Model in North China An estimate of unexploited resources Conclusions

4 Air pollution in North China

5 Planet-wide geothermal belts

6 Geothermal resources rich in sedimentary basins (IEA, Road map 2011)

7 China: the largest user of earth s heat largest geothermal direct user China Sweden USA Iceland Turkey Austria Hungary Italy New Zealand Brazil H e a t ( G W h )

8 Geothermal Background of China

9 Deep temperatures 0.5km 1.0km

10 Deep temperatures 1.5km 2.0km

11 Deep temperatures 2.5km 3.0km

12 Heat flow: sedimentary basins

13 The buried Karstic geothermal reserviors in China The total area of carbonate rocks in China is more than one-third of land area. Among them, the outcrop area is 900,000km 2, buried area is more than 2,500,000km 2.

14 The characteristics of Karstic geothermal reservoirs in China large flow of water the water yeild of single well is 3616m 3 /d in Xuyi, Jiangsu Low in salinity The condition of recharge and circulation are beneficial, and the value of total dissolved solids are low easy to reinjection The reinjection rate is 180m 3 /h in Xiongxian, Hebei Province less impact on environment The lower possibility of land subsidence

15 Typical geothermal reservoirs: Beijing, Tianjin, Baodin, Northern Jiangsu

16 karstic geothermal reservoirs in north China Beijing Tianjin

17 Niutuozhen geothermal 地热田位置 field in Baodin, Hebei Prov. NTZ Geothermal field

18 Geothermal and geological setting 燕山山脉 太行山脉 E O Є Qn Jxt Jxw N Ch Ar 白云岩泥灰岩灰岩砂岩隔水层

19 The geothermal water flowpath

20 A Two-Way Thermal Accumulation Model

21 The Successful Xiongxian Model

22 The Successful Xiongxian Model

23 Guantitative evaluation on Sustainability of karstic geothermal reservoirs Downtown Tianjin Xiaotangshan in Beijing DUAN, et al, 2011,Geothermics

24 The development history of Karstic geothermal reservoir (Wumishan) in Tianjin

25 Production history of Xiaotangshan karstic geothermal reservoir in Beijing

26 Power generation from low-medium temperature geothermal water Geothermal water inlet temperature :110 Flow rate:120m 3 Circulating cooling water inlet temperature: 21.2 Outlet temperature :35.8 Generator speed: 1500rpm Generating capacity :212KWh Cumulative generating capacity : 19*104KWh ( ) Geothermal power plant, Huabei

27 Optimal production model Doublet production and reinjection model

28 Optimal production model Separated production and reinjection model

29 Geothermal potential estimate in Karstic systems in China Parameters North Jiangsu China-Min NTZ China-Max Area(km 2 ) Thickness(m) Heat(10 18 KJ) Std Coal(10 8 Ton) Rec.(10 8 Ton)

30 Geothermal spacing heating to mitigate air pollution PM2.5 Pang et al 来源 NASA

31 Conclusions Karstic geothermal reservoirs are widely distributed in sedimentary basins in China which are good reservoirs due to their favourable properties, which may also be good targets for EGS. There is great potential that remains unexploited. The level of sustainability depends on reinjection. Large scale utilization may benefit from the separated production and reinjection model in the future, and enhancement, too.