The current status of Commonwealth Caribbean building codes and the updating of

Transcription

1 The current status of Commonwealth Caribbean building codes and the updating of the OECS Building Code Tony Gibbs FREng, Secretary General CCEO Representing CDEMA History 1 Caribbean Uniform Building Code (CUBiC) o CUBiC USAID CDB CCEO CARICOM o OECS Code 1992 UNDP references CUBiC o The revision of CUBiC 1999: * Caribbean Application Document of the IBC * Caribbean Residential Standards entirely new * Model Laws and regulations o CDB Regional Conference 2004 o CDB funds US$1.9million project executed by CROSQ 2006: * IDF graphs and flood hazard maps o CDB funds US$2.6million project executed by CROSQ 2012 Tony Gibbs FREng 1

2 9 of the 13 volumes of (CUBiC) History 2 Updating the OECS Building Code o OECS Code 1992 UNDP o State revisions 1995 present CDMP et al o Grenada launch 2000 o St Lucia consultation 2002 o St Vincent Code 2008 o 2015 project updating of the following sections: * Check consultants * Fire * Energy efficiency * Sanitary requirements * Air conditioning * Wind hazards * Earthquake hazards * Climate change adaptation and mitigation * Accessibility for persons with disabilities * Rainfall hazards * Safety for hotel occupants Tony Gibbs FREng 2

3 Updating the OECS Building Code Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) Project on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in the Eastern Caribbean The Use of Check Consultants in Design and Construction Hurricane Luis in French Saint Martin and Dutch Sint Maarten Tony Gibbs FREng 3

4 Dutch side (Netherlands Antilles Meteorological Service): Highest gust: 99 knots or 51 ms -1 French side: No anemometer measurements available Dutch side: Catastrophic damage - 100% GDP direct - 100% GDP indirect French side: - Not much damage Tony Gibbs FREng 4

5 Regulatory Regime on the French side: - French standards or norms - bureau de contrôle checks: * design * construction quality assurance mechanisms Updating the OECS Building Code Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) Project on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in the Eastern Caribbean Wind Hazards Tony Gibbs FREng 5

6 Tony Gibbs, AR Matthews, HC Shellard Wind Loads for Structural Design 1970 including HC Shellard Extreme Winds in the Commonwealth Caribbean Suggested Basic Wind Speeds (mph, 3s) for Some Commonwealth Caribbean Countries 1970 Jamaica 120 (= 54 m/s) BVI 120 (= 54 m/s) Leeward Islands 120 (= 54 m/s) St Lucia, St Vincent 120 (= 54 m/s) Barbados 120 (= 54 m/s) Grenada, Tobago 100 (= 45 m/s) Trinidad 90 (= 40 m/s) Guyana 50 (= 22 m/s) Tony Gibbs FREng 6

7 CUBiC Part 2 Section : CARICOM decision to adopt and adapt the I-codes of the ICC 2000: The I-codes adopt by reference the wind load provisions of the ASCE : PAHO executed a project, funded by USAID for the preparation of the Caribbean Application Document (CAD) for ASCE 7-05 Ch 6. Tony Gibbs FREng 7

8 50 Year Wind Speeds for Caribbean Wind Load Factor Non-Hurricane Hurricane Return Period (Years) 2008 (Vrare/Vfrequent) increases with closeness to the equator 1971 Tony Gibbs FREng 8

9 Martinique Workshop 04 June 2015 Contour plots of load factor: (V 700 /V 50 ) Contour plots of importance factor for ASCE category III and IV structures defined by I=(V 1700 /V 700 ) 2 Tony Gibbs FREng 9

10 700 Year Wind Speeds for Caribbean Year Wind Speeds for Caribbean Tony Gibbs FREng 10

11 700 Year Wind Speeds for Jamaica Table 3-1 Peak gust wind speeds (mph) in flat open terrain (ASCE 7 Exposure C) as a function of return period for selected locations in the Caribbean Peak gust wind speeds (mph) in flat open terrain as a function of return period for selected locations in the Caribbean Location Trinidad (S) Trinidad (N) Isla Margarita Grenada Curacao Bonaire Aruba Barbados Saint Vincent Saint Lucia Martinique Dominica Guadeloupe Montserrat Belize Antigua and Barbuda St. Kitts and Nevis Saint Martin/Sint Maarten Anguilla US Virgin Islands British Virgin Islands Grand Cayman Little Cayman/Cayman Brac Turks & Caicos (Grand Turk) Turks & Caicos (Providenciales ) Andros Eleuthera New Providence (Nassau) Great Abaco Grand Bahama (Freeport) Lat Long Return Period (years) Tony Gibbs FREng 11

12 The 700 year and 1700 year Return Periods: 1 50 year return period for the USA continental areas, but for the Caribbean: 2 Use 700 year wind with load factor of 1 for Cat II buildings 3 Use 1700 year wind with load factor of 1 for Cat III and IV buildings Photo: UWO-BLWTL Tony Gibbs FREng 12

13 Sketch showing effects of topography on wind velocity on a hilly island V g 100 Speed up V s 120 V g 100 V g 100 Vg 100 V s 10 m V 40 s Open sea Winward Speed up over Sheltered leeward Coast hill crest coast Winds N Probability 1% / year, 100 Year Return Time Antigua 1. St. John s Downtown East side of town 2. Parham Desalinization plant Waterfront by town Hill above town 3. English and Falmouth Harbours Nelson s Dockyard 48 m/s Falmouth SE 41 m/s Falmouth NW 52 m/s 4. Jolly Harbour Channel entrance Inner boat basin Beach front 47 m/s 51 m/s 50 m/s 47 m/s 53 m/s 45 m/s 44 m/s 45 m/s W Ross Wagenseil for PGDM April W Directory Topo. Map 10yr 25yr 50yr 100yr Wind Wave Surge ARC MINUTES KILOMETERS MILES 5 N Storm Category knots mph m/s N Wind Speeds PGDM May Min Max 3 Tony Gibbs FREng 13

14 AMO = Atlantic multi-decadal oscillations NAtl = North Atlantic Tony Gibbs FREng 14

15 Percentage Increase in Basic Wind Speed in St Lucia versus Percentage Increase in Annual Rates of Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes 15% Increase in Basic Wind Speed 10% 5% Category II Buildings Category III and IV Buildings 0% 0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250% 300% 350% Increase in Annual Frequency of Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes Updating the OECS Building Code Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) Project on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in the Eastern Caribbean Earthquake Hazards Tony Gibbs FREng 15

16 Tectonic Setting of the Caribbean USGS/NEIC database (1974 Present) Credit: E Calais Structure in the Region of Barbados (Westbrook 1970; drawn by Joan Fergusson) Tony Gibbs FREng 16

17 Photo: Daniel Comarazamy Photo: Tony Gibbs Tony Gibbs FREng 17

18 Photo: Tony Gibbs Photo: David Key Tony Gibbs FREng 18

19 David Key CUBiC (1985): V = ZCIKSW Territory Z Value CUBiC & UBC 85 Z Factor UBC 1988 & SEAOC 1990 Zone Number SEAOC Antigua Barbados Belize - (areas within 100km of southern border, ie including San Antonio and Punta Gorda but excluding Middlesex, Pomona and Stann Creek) Belize - (rest of) Dominica Grenada Guyana - (Essequibo) Guyana - (rest of) Jamaica Montserrat St Kitts/Nevis St Lucia St Vincent Tobago Trinidad - (NW) Trinidad - (rest of) Tony Gibbs FREng 19

20 Area of Responsibility Area Studied PGA 475 year return period Tony Gibbs FREng 20

21 In CUBiC Part 2 Section 3 TABLE the Z VALUES shall be Grenada 0.64 St Vincent 0.51 St Lucia 0.56 Montserrat 0.75 Spectral Acceleration 2,475 year Return Period 0.2 sec 1.0 sec Tony Gibbs FREng 21

22 2 Spectral Accelerations 2475 year Montserrat Grenada St Lucia St Vincent Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4 Series5 1.0 Series6 Series7 seconds When using ASCE 7-05 Spectral Accelerations (with a 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years) 0.2 sec 1.0 sec Grenada St Vincent St Lucia Montserrat Tony Gibbs FREng 22

23 Conceptual Design How does it work? Period Elongation Damping Increment Principles of Base Isolation of Structures Updating the OECS Building Code Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) Project on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in the Eastern Caribbean Torrential Rain and Associated Flooding Tony Gibbs FREng 23

24 What will happen to the Eastern Caribbean if sea level rises? Global Temperatures Graph Tony Gibbs FREng 24

25 Floods Sea level rising will also contribute to more floods. The sea level is predicted to go up from four inches to three feet. Sea level rises when the water warms and increases in volume, or when glaciers and ice melt. Tony Gibbs FREng 25

26 Bahamas IDF curves IDF curves and flood hazard maps Cayman Montserrat St Vincent Trinidad & Tobago Montserrat Botanical Gardens Return Duration (minutes) period (years) Rainfall intensity (mm/hour) Tony Gibbs FREng 26

27 St Vincent Botanical Gardens Return Duration (minutes) period (years) Rainfall intensity (mm/hour) Tony Gibbs FREng 27

28 Updating the OECS Building Code Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) Project on Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) in the Eastern Caribbean The Safety of Hotel Guests Briton who walked into glass door in a bikini could push up the price of holidays after winning 24,000 payout. Moira Japp, 53, won the claim against Virgin Holidays for the 2008 accident She sued because the door in her room was not made of tempered glass Ruling could mean greater costs for UK holidaymakers Tony Gibbs FREng 28

29 Tempered Glass Tempered glass offers outstanding safety protection, as it breaks into small, pebblelike pieces. Tempered glass solutions are ideal for any area where high traffic and human contact may pose safety concerns. 57 Laminated Glass Applications: Hurricane Resistance The entire window system, including laminated glass and framing, must pass regional or ASTM International testing, including large missiles (ground level to 30 feet), small missiles (30 feet and up), and cyclical pressure. 58 Tony Gibbs FREng 29

30 Sec Florida Building Code Uneven riser dimensions are not safe. Tony Gibbs FREng 30

31 Lighting Signs Tony Gibbs FREng 31