FARM Home WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS I INEKPENSIVE KITCHEN IISTALLATIONS Every farm home needs some sort of a ater supply system and for the home ithout a s

Transcription

1 ' march, 1928 Agronomy Information Circular No 150 man Ho WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS 1 INEXPENSIVE KITCHEN INSTALLATIONS By D S Weaver, associate Professor " of Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State College of Agriculture and Engineering and U S Department of Agriculture Cooperating N C Agricultural Extension Service I O Schaub9 Director State College Station, Raleigh Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of may 8 and June 30, 1914

2 FARM Home WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS I INEKPENSIVE KITCHEN IISTALLATIONS Every farm home needs some sort of a ater supply system and for the home ithout a supply and ith limited resources for the purchase of one, this circular describes three extremely simple types one of hich is ithin the possibility of every farmer in the State For larger farms ith more capital to invest there are more complex and more desirable systems, but this circular attempts to describe the very simple types only man-v The source of ater on most farms is one of the three types of ells a cistern, or a spring and in general it may be said that ells form a more desirable source than either cisterns or springs Pumps are roughly divided into to groups: (1) Lift pumpss and (2) force pumps Lift pumps cannot raise ater higher than the spouts While fotw pumps can be used to force ater to elevated tanks or into pressure tanks The common pitcher pump used for kitchen-sink installations is a true lift pump and is shon in Figs 1 and 2 figs 39 4 and 5 sho force pumps so named because in each case the ater can be forced higher than the pump EXplanation of Fig l The very simple system illustrated by Fig l is only recommended here it is impossible to construct a better one It is limited to certain sections here the lo ater level in the ell is ithin 22 feet of the sink measured vertically The kitchen pitcher pump shown cannot raise ater above this height and hen the ater is belo this level, it is necessary to have a pump ith the cylinder not over 22 feet from the lo ater level This does not have to be a force pump but a lift pump may be used The distance from the sink to the ell should not be over 100 feet or the pump cannot lift the ater to a height of 22 feet If a greater horizontal distance is necessary eithe the lift must be lessened or a pump ith the cylinder closer to the ater must be used as in Fig 2 although this method is not generally used Using the least expensive materials and pump and ith both the suction pipe and drain pipe thirty feet each in length the cost of the materials as shon in Fig 1 ill approximate $3500 ithout including the cost of the drain tile or the ell This ill vary ith local prices and ith the quality of the pump and sink9 and herever possible9 good quality should be used A list of materials needed is given on page 5 Explanation of Fig 5 Fig 5 shos a simple system hich has some very desirable advantages over that shon in Fig19 chief of hich is that of the men folks can fill the storage tank and relieve the house-ife of the pumping and it is not necessary that the level of the ater of the supply be so close to the surface or that the supply be so close to the sink as in the former system

3 _ 2 - As a rule the extra cost of this system ill be ell spent The chief disadvantages of this system are that the ater used is not strictly fresh and the fact that the average ceiling joists hich must support the tank are not large enough to support a very large amount of ater Either extra framing may be used or the tank by being placed above a partition ill usually have sufficient support so that pumping once a day ill take care of the kitchen needs Anordinary ater tight barrel or a steel drum may be used and for added capacity others may be connected to the first This type of tank is not the most desirable, but probably the least expensive More desirable storage tanks can be made of ood or steel and elevated outside9 or a steel pressure tank can be put in the ground or cellar and a different type Of pump used These are more desirable features hich may be added as funds become available The pump is of necessity a force pump and if the type shon in Fig3 is exposed and freezing is common, the type shon in Fig4 ith the underground connection and the shut-off valve may be used This latter type 0f pump can force ater any reasonable distance and if too larée a Cylinder is not purchased the pumping ill not be too hard for a boy to handle An overflo pipe, as shon is handy to indicate hen the tank is full A AV This outfit ith a good quality pump can be installed at present prices for approximately a4800 for materials hen the ell is 50 feet from the house A list of materials is given on pages & eel Explanation of Fig 5 Fig 5 shos a kitchen ater-system that should be the arm of every farmer hose resources prevent the installation of a complete home ater~system ith bath and inside toilet The same tankg sink, pump and connections used in the system shon in Fig5 are used in thi59 both of hich allo connections for providing hot ater to be added as funds become available The hot ater system consists as shon above9 of a hot ater tank connected to a ater front in the kitchen range and a hot-ater faucet over the sink This outfit ill do onders in relieving the house ife of some of the ork of the kitchen It ill be noticed that the cold ater-pipe entering the hotater tank extends ell don from the top A 50~gallon steel hotmater tank should be used ith a stand and drain fittings The materials needed for this installation ill cost about $7000 In both systems shon in Figs5 and 5 an overflo from the tank is shon The onein Fig5 is to be preferred to the other as the pump operator can tell hen the tank is full ithout leaving the pump If a kerosene stove is used in summer for cooking9 a kerosene ater-heater may be connected to the hot-ater tank It is possible to have the tank connected to both the kerosene heater and the ater front in the kitchen range if so desired Certain valves and standard pipe fittings are needed and are shon in the various figures ith symbols as follos: (U) for unions; (GV) gate valve; (CV) Check Valve All turns areshon ith standard elbos hich are not marked

4 - 3 Materials Needed The folloing is a list of materials needed for the very simplest installation of the above systems as shon Additional fittings and lengths of pipe Will be needed hen the connections cannot be made exactly as shon 4; Description of Material For the systems illustrated in - Fig 1 Fig 3 Fig 5 lé-inch galvanized pipe (sink to drain) coco-ooooonaoooooooouoooooo # 43: 3%: 1-3;- inch galvanized pipe(ell to, drain # 1-inch galvanized pipe pump to tank PitCher pump OOOOOOOOOIOOOOCCUOOOIC p8 Force pump, Porcelain lined sink, 18" x 30" or larger ith 1%binch trap fitting %~inch sink trap ith cleanout plug Wall bracket for sink as mrdh' h MPH% lé inch foot valve oocooooocooooooo le-inch galvanized elbos lfi-inch galvanized elbos HNHMHH l inch galvanized elbo acetone-coo (NI J \ ~ 1-inch galvanized pipe(overflo) 36:03" 1-inch galvanized elbo(overflo) Tank or barrel 1-inch tank connection 1-inch x 1-inch X % inch T 1-inch x 1 inch x 3/4-inch T 1/2 inch faucet ooeoooaoooooooooono l-ith unions oocooooooonooooo-oooo l iflch globe valve inch check valve fi HHNH 3/4-inch x l/2-inch bushing S/é-inch galvanized pipe(hot ater) SO gallon galvanized hot ater tank and stand 5/4-inch galvanized tank connections 5/4-inch galvanized elbos 5/4-inch galvanized unions mmm mom _ - - -, 3 4 WW ' 7 7 W #These lengths ill vary ith each installation

5 Description of Material For the Systems Illustrated in - '» Fig 1 Fig 5 Fig 5 1 inch x 1 inch x 5/4-inoh T l/2-inch faucet 1-inch 1-inch unions globe valve 1 inch check valve 5/4 inoh x 1/2 inch bushing 5/4-inch galvanized pipe(hot ater) BO-gallon galvanized_hot ater tank and stand ; 5/4-inch galvanized tank connections 5/4-inch galvanized elbos 5/4-inch galvanized unions HHNH *HHHNNH mmmh

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