I n t e r m o d a l i t y

Transcription

1 INO Workshop, 9-10 December 2004 I n t e r m o d a l i t y from Passenger Perspective or PASSENGERS CHOICE BETWEEN HIGH-SPEED TRAIN AND AIR TRANSPORT PhD Thesis EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre & University of ZILINA Antonia COKASOVA antonia.cokasova@eurocontrol.int Supervisors: Vu DUONG & Ludek BENO

2 What is intermodality What is intermodality? combine different transport 2 success modes stories in a seamless travel experience 3 parties 2 parties FRA 3.7 million HST users CDG 0.7 million HST users

3 Why intermodality in Europe - airport ATFM delay compared to total delay increased to 46% in % of airport derived ATFM delays caused by only 8 European airports - these 8 airports handle only 19% of European traffic -airlines hub & spoke way of operation

4 Why intermodality in Europe - passengers wasting time by taking detour via hub airport - many short haul flights - 50% of traffic less than 800 km - fragmented network - 10% of city pairs represent 50% of traffic X% of the CP represent Y% of the traffic 100% 90% 80% % traffic 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of CP % of the flights 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Y% of the flights fly less than X NM 0% NM

5 Intermodality our hypothesis 50 % less than 370 N.M. No more Congestion Yahoo

6 Only benefits, but No more Congestion Yahoo reduce en-route & airport congestion increased runway capacity reduce travel time for passengers reduced negative impact of transport on environment more balanced PAX modal split in Europe freed slots used for long haul flights increase airports catchment area more travel choice for passengers higher passenger throughput at airports But practice different than theory LHR - CDG

7 Where we started and where we go Air Rail Intermodal Transport from Passenger Perspective at the Major European Airports Pilot questionnaire in France (Air or Rail?) Time equation Demand model Modal split for 2 O/D pairs EEC Newsletter March /March/Intermodality/abstract_v0 _2.htm

8 Why from Passenger Perspective! basic physical retroaction - how to make intermodality work for passengers,, so passengers can work for aviation,, choosing High Speed Train instead of air services on short haul

9 Objective Work done Sound knowledge of air-rail intermodality Description of existing services offered by operators Feasibility, Current In the future workexisting infrastructure and future plans Airlines /airports /railways Passenger perspective of intermodal approach and travelling future vision Impact First Forecast hand of intermodality information of passenger -the modal most split important likely in scenarios Europe passenger (co-operation?) preferences Main Overview different constraints of scenarios passenger of intermodal requirements transport in Europe Questionnaires from Thalys & Eurostar Impact Airport of Lisbon, intermodal Paris transport CDG on air traffic

10 Passenger perspective Definite winner - More travel choices - Better customer care - Travel time saving - Cleaner environment - Lower prices Connectivity issues - Point-to-point - Feeder service - Leg part

11 Travel time AIR vs. RAIL What is the efficient distance/time for PAX (TIME is prior to distance) Air Travel Time 50 min 60 min??? 20 min 50 min 180 min +??? Transport to Airport Time spent at the Airport (check-in, boarding) Flight time Awaiting for the baggage + customs Transport from the Airport Rail Travel Time 30 min 10 min??? 30 min 70 min +??? Transport to Station Time spent at the Station Travel time Transport from the Station

12 Modal split and distance

13 Questionnaires Thalys International Paris Brussels/Amsterdam valid questionnaires Eurostar Paris London (return) valid questionnaires Lisbon airport 152 valid questionnaires 904 CDG Paris airport 216 valid questionnaires

14 Preliminary results ticket price travel time access to airport or station schedule & frequency Walking & waiting time on-board comfort on-board services luggage handling 60% 10% 40%

15 business and leisure But Is HST ticket really much cheaper? Is air transport any faster on short haul?

16 is there a common denominator?

17 men and women striking differences

18 what are your habits?

19 what are your habits - BUGGAGE transfer?

20 what are your habits travel time? last but not least, any CORRELATIONS? WOMEN choice of airplane & comfort choice of HST & price of travel LEISURE choice of airplane & comfort choice of HST and nationality

21 Preliminary results Only 7% of PAX would be willing to pay more for train ticket than plane ticket Only 8% of PAX check about luggage handling possibilities 64% find connection issues very important 65% wait at airports more than an hour before scheduled flight time 55% arrive to train station less than ½ hour before train departure time 16% would be willing to pay extra for luggage through check, but 34% strongly denies spending any extra money on luggage through check 66% base their choice of transport mode on travel time 21% would pay extra to have luggage delivered to their domicile 42% passengers have different preferences when travelling business and more

22 Future work - passenger perspective a key to well organised intermodal solution - investigate mutual satisfaction of two sets of needs = how to make air-rail inter-modality work towards passenger satisfaction, so passengers can assist in releasing constrained airport and ATM capacity by using High Speed Train instead of short haul flights - what is the amount of traffic that could be replaced by HST, what is PAX tendency to modal shift? No more Congestion Yahoo better distribution of transport demand more satisfied passengers =less waiting time released runway and ATC resources immediate relief to congestion reduced negative environmental impacts improves ground access to airports??? Impact of intermodality on air traffic

23 long way ahead