The Public Transport System of Zurich Achievements and Challenges

Transcription

1 The Public Transport System of Zurich Achievements and Challenges Dominik Brühwiler, Head of ZVV Transport Planning Dept. Danish Rail Conference

2 Swiss public transport traffic stream Canton of Zürich = Danish Rail Conference

3 Contents Comparison Danmark Switzerland Achievements and remarkable aspects of the public transport system of Zurich and Switzerland Actual challenges Danish Rail Conference

4 Comparison Danmark - Switzerland Danmark Switzerland Inhabitants 5.7 Mio. 8.3 Mio. Area km km 2 Density 132 Inh./km 2 Danmark 354 Inh./km 2 Sjælland 200 Inh./km 2 Switzerland 426 Inh./km 2 Low Land 837 Inh./ km 2 Zürich GDP [PPP] [ $] / 59'000$ [ $] / 81'000$ < 1080 m.a.s Danish Rail Conference

5 Rail Trips per Person and Year in Europe Danish Rail Conference

6 Kilometer per Person and Year (Railways) Danish Rail Conference

7 Number of trains per route and days spent on rail network in Danish Rail Conference

8 Organisation of Public Transport Zurich Region Cantonal Government 171 municipalities ZVV Zurich Transport Authority 8 transport companies with market responsibility 43 additional transport companies Danish Rail Conference

9 The Zurich Transport Authority ZVV ZVV Duties / Responsibilities Specification of the transport services offered Determining the fare Financing the transport operators within the system Planning and financing infrastructural measures Commercializing ZVVs services within the system Refinancing the system 51 Operators, > 1800 vehicles Danish Rail Conference

10 The areas of the market responsible transport companies Transport service on rail, bus and boat routes Compilation of detailed timetables Contact with the municipalities Management of other operators within their market area "Leadhouses" / "one for all" tasks for the whole public transport system Danish Rail Conference

11 "Leadhouses" Network plans Event ticket Integration Distribution Quality management Security organisation Ticket control timetable server / information (web, app, print) OCC School education Danish Rail Conference

12 Duties of the licensed transport operators Transport service on rail, bus and boat routes Annual agreement on remuneration The level of remuneration is independent of the ticket receipts obtained and the number of passengers carried = no allocation of revenues Obligation to respect minimum conditions of employment Bonus for the quality of service attained (customer survey) No influence on timetable Danish Rail Conference

13 Successful? Danish Rail Conference

14 Public transport grows private car traffic stabilized Zurich City Limits commuter trains Pass./day equivalent at peak hour: 16-lane motorway private car traffic : population +23% Danish Rail Conference

15 Modal-Shift in the Canton of Zurich % 67% 60% 57% 69% of commuters go to work and school by public transport 21% 22% 28% 32% 5% 3% 3% 2% 8% 8% 8% 8% other private cars public transport slow traffic Angaben: Anteil der pro Tag und Person im Durchschnitt zurückgelegte km nach Verkehrsmitteln Filter: Inlandwege von Zielpersonen mit Wohnort im Kanton Zürich Mikrozensus Mobilität und Verkehr Danish Rail Conference

16 Number of Cars per 1000 Inhabitants City of Zürich Copenhagen City: 237 (2012) Danish Rail Conference

17 Possible Explanations for the high usage network attractive network total journey time frequency network density reliability easy access 100% integrated regional ticket system basic settings organisation political majorities for concerns of public transport generally positive attitude towards public transport Public Transport Authority with many control options Infrastructure investment fund and financing of operations strong involvement of operating companies Danish Rail Conference

18 Attractive Network through optimized Transport Chain door-to-door most relevant factors easy access memorable timetable / uncomplicated ticket buying competitive total journey time compared to private cars high frequency of services whole transport chain reliability punctual services and guaranteed connections network/timetable and network access/ticket/information Danish Rail Conference

19 Easy Memorizeable Timetable The Main National Public Transport Hubs 00/15/30/45 Regular interval timetable (1982) Fixed hub timings very frequent services, often low load factor ( 125P/train) interval families (60min 30min 15min - 7.5min) Danish Rail Conference

20 ca. 50 km Zurich Public Transport Network Regional Hubs 00/30-15/ Danish Rail Conference

21 Better Connctions Interval Families and fixed hubs Interval [min] International ( ) Inter City ( ) Regional / S-Bahn Regional Bus Local Bus / Tramway Possible hub times or 30 00/30 or 15/45 00/15/ 30/45 no hub Danish Rail Conference

22 Simple and Understandable Timetables 15-30km = 30 interval < 15km = 15 interval accel. commuter train 30-50km = 30 interval commuter trains accel. commuter trains InterCity trains Zürich interval families connecting buses optimising connections train - train train - bus Danish Rail Conference

23 108 Departures per Hour in an empty Station? Zürich Main Station: passengers per working day / ca. 140 Mio / Year Danish Rail Conference

24 easy access: the ticket system +/- integrated ticket system nationwide by law 100% integrated regional ticket systems 100% open system: no reservations, no supplements, no access gates, no time restrictions Danish Rail Conference

25 Holders of a travel subscriptions per age group (in %)! higher income correlates with higher use of public transport higher use of public transport correlates with lower BMI Danish Rail Conference

26 subsidies? Zurich Public Transport Authority Comparison between 1996 and 2011: train kilometers: + 70% total cost: + 39% revenue: + 81% deficit: + 8% (population +16%) Ticket prices: + 15% cost coverage ratio 2015: 66% Danish Rail Conference

27 Conclusions Key elements: tight network and good connections Low entry hurdles: one ticket for the whole trip (law!) Railways can be extremely area efficient Many positive side effects: energy efficient, better air quality, less highways to build, public health?, Higher use of tracks and trains = lower relative track construction costs (limited!) Regular interval timetable = higher productivity of trains and staff Less subsidies per capita Danish Rail Conference

28 Thank you for your attention be reasonable: drive at 78mph in town Danish Rail Conference