Sven Kaltenhäuser, Frank Morlang, Dirk-Roger Schmitt German Aerospace Center DLR

Transcription

1 Chart 1 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > A concept for improved integration of Space Vehicle Operation (SVO) into ATM Sven Kaltenhäuser, Frank Morlang, Dirk-Roger Schmitt German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Flight Guidance Sven Kaltenhäuser Head of Department: ATM Simulation Phone +49 (0) Sven.Kaltenhaeuser@dlr.de

2 Chart 2 Increased demand & launch numbers Planned / projected mega constellations OneWeb/Airbus broadband communication 648 satellites Boeing global communication system 2956 satellites SpaceX broadband satellite constellation 4425 satellites > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > [3] [1] Increased interest in Small-/Nano-/CubeSats Forecast projects 2017 as record year for nano/microsatellite launches [4] (182 satellites expected to launch, 80% increase from 2016) [2] Increased launch activities Number of commercial launches quadrupled over last decade (prior 2008 totaling max. 5/year 22 in 2015) Growing number of Spaceports and Launch sites worldwide [4] [1],[2] OneWeb, [3] RUAG Space Sweden, [4] Spaceworks Enterprises Inc.

3 Chart 3 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > New Players New Vehicles New Operational Concepts Manned Spaceplanes launch from Carrier-Airplanes Spaceplanes propelled by rocket engines only Vertical launcher with reusable Booster stage Rocket launch from Carrier-Airplane Spaceplanes with combined jet- & rocket engines Sub-orbital hypersonic international transport Sources: Virgin, XCOR, Blue Origin, Stratolaunch, Rocketplane, DLR

4 Chart 4 Emerging New Airspace Users within NearSpace region New diverse mission ideas: - Earth observation - Disaster response - Data provision (internet) - Sensor networks (traffic, climate, ) - Launch operations - NearSpace tourism > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > [1] [2] Balloon operations Airborne launch through airspace New aircraft/vehicle types: - Balloons (single/constellations) - High Altitude Pseudo Satellites (HAPS) - Sub-orbital vehicles, incl. new supersonic / hypersonic aircraft [3] [4] Balloon Constellation Station keeping HAPS [1] World View Enterprises, Inc; [2] Virgin Galactic; [3] Google Loon; [4] Airbus

5 Chart 5 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Challenges of SVO integration and NearSpace Traffic Space Vehicles / Platforms operating through airspace into NearSpace environment - do not file a flight plan, trajectory prediction is limited; - have no or limited capabilities to avoid other traffic, often need priorization; - have limited CNS equipment due to mass restrictions (need restricted airspaces); - provide lower target levels of safety compared to commercial air traffic; hazard areas required Space Traffic integration into ATM Minimzing the impact of space vehicles passing through civil airspace NearSpace/Protozone ATM Managing safe and efficient operation in new kind of airspace Acceptable Level of Safety (ALOS) - Aviation domain 1 accident per million flying hours i.e. 1E-6 per flying hour Catastrophic failure condition is 1x10-9 per flying hour (for large aircraft) - Space domain Castrophic (loss) safety target of 1 x10-3 per mission for orbital operations 1 x10-4 per mission for suborbital operations Andy Quinn, Saturn SMS Ltd Acceptable Levels of Safety for the Commercial Space Flight Industry IAC-12-D6.1.2

6 Chart 6 Limiting the Impact of Spaceflights on ATM Current operational practice, as far as applicable, e.g. - Launch & reentry operation window as short as possible - Avoid peak traffic times - Optimize launch & reentry trajectories as far as possible - Optimize air space usage alongside restricted areas - Ensure real time monitoring and direct communication, connecting all involved stakeholders with ANSP managers and ATC facilities > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Eurocontrol; Maastricht Upper Area Control Centre

7 Chart 7 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Air Traffic Integration Use Case SpaceLiner Point-to-Point Concept by Space Launcher Systems Analysis (SART) group of DLR - High-speed intercontinental transport for PAX, - Rocket-propelled, two staged suborbital RLV - Orbiter re-enters controlled airspace (below FL600 ) at distance of approx. 70km / 37NM with speed below M=3 - Transition to sub-sonic speed at approx. FL360 - Horizontal unpropelled landing of orbiter stage Use Case Scenario - West-bound Australia Europe mission profile ( km flight distance, 75 min flight time) - Focusing on SpaceLiner descent trajectory, passing above and through European airspace

8 Chart 8 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > First Analysis Results SpaceLiner Use Case Simulation results Number of affected flights Entry count for three traffic scenarios during one rolling hour (historic traffic data based on Eurocontrol DDR2 database) Trajectories in and around the HA

9 Chart 9 Trajectory Based Operation (TBO) and SWIM as key enablers The future ATM: From Planning to Sharing to Execution - Each flight operates a business trajectory from planning to execution (Trajectory Base Operation TBO) Improved predictability of air traffic - System Wide Information Management SWIM - "Intranet for ATM" > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Pilots, Airport Operations Centers, Airline Operations Centers, Air Navigation Service Providers, Meteorology Service Providers, Military Operations Centers - Includes Controller-Pilot Data Link Communication (CPDLC) - SESAR SWIM concept requests all the future air traffic participants acting as communicating sub-systems! Services Qualified parties Standards SWIM ATM Information Infrastructure Governance [1] [2] [3]

10 Chart 10 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > New ATM concepts facilitating integration of Space Vehicles TBO as the basic principle of future air traffic operations Improved Airspace Management (ASM) and Air Traffic Control (ATC) concepts which are based on agreed and predictable flight trajectories. Three ATM concepts to be further examined: Advanced Flexible Use of Airspace (AFUA) Dynamic Sectorization Flight Centric ATC

11 Chart 11 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Advanced Flexible Use of Airspace (AFUA) Essentials: - Airspace as continuum, adjusted to user requirements - From pre-determined airspace structures day-to-day allocation real-time use of airspace Space Operation Application - Established process - More flexible SUA (Special Use Airspace) - SWIM integrates SVO into AFUA Service (e.g. Eurocontrol CS4) Air Traffic Routes Routes partialy passing Routes through remain blocked inactive usable SUA Flexible SUA Elements active SUA inactive Changed routes, Congested areas SVO trajectory Expected benefits: limiting impact of SVO preserving airspace capacity using established processes

12 Chart 12 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Dynamic Sectorization Essentials: - Flexible design of airspace sectors with harmonized task load of ATCOs - Adapted to air traffic flow Space Operation Application: - Optimize airspace usage around TFR - Adapt to changing TFR volumes (e.g. compact envelopes and dynamic hazard areas) Expected benefits: limiting impact of SVO preserving airspace capacity, limiting task load of air traffic controller

13 Chart 13 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Flight Centric ATC Essentials: - Sectorless ATM concept - No sector boundaries, changed responsibilities - Concept in V2 stage (SESAR 2020); current focus: upper airspace control Space Operation Application: - Dedicated SVO controllers, (e.g. SV, HAPS, balloon constellations, ) - Large airspaces, ideal for NearSpace - TBO based, including escape trajectories passing hazard areas - Controller coordination based on affected flights, not sectors Expected benefits: Efficient handling of SVO traffic handling based on vehicle performance Concept for operations above FL600

14 Chart 14 > Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > Summary and Conclusions - Increase in number and types of space vehicle operations and airspace users for NearSpace region require an efficient SVO integration. - TBO and SWIM are key enablers for an integrated Space and Air Traffic Management (SATM). - New ATM concepts like - Advanced Flexible Use of Airspace (AFUA) - Dynamic Sectorization - Flight Centric ATC have the potential to improve SVO integration and to become essential elements of a SATM. - Further evaluation of these concepts will be necessary to validate their expected benefits.

15 Chart 15> Improved integration of SVO into ATM - 33rd Space Symposium > Kaltenhaeuser, Morlang, Schmitt > A concept for improved integration of Space Vehicle Operation into ATM Sven Kaltenhäuser, Frank Morlang, Dirk-Roger Schmitt German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Flight Guidance Sven Kaltenhäuser Head of Department: ATM Simulation Phone +49 (0) Sven.Kaltenhaeuser@dlr.de