RUNWAY OPERATIONS: Computing Runway Arrival Capacity

Transcription

1 RUNWAY OPERATIONS: Computig Ruway Arrival Capacity OR750 /SYST660 USE Ruway Capacity Spreadsheet Sprig 2008 Lace Sherry 1 CENTER FOR AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH

2 Backgroud Air Trasportatio System Ifrastructure is composed of: Airports Airside (ruways, taxiways, ramps, ) Ladside (termials, passeger louges, access roads, retal cars, busses, parkig, Air Traffic Cotrol Tower Termial Area E-route 2

3 Ruway Capacity Defiitio Assumptios ad Notes % of MTC Maximum Throughput Capacity (MTC) Expected umber of movemets performed i 1 hour Does ot violate ATC separatio rules Cotiuous Demad No limits o delays Practical Hourly Capacity (PHCAP) Expected umber of movemets performed i 1 hour Delay set to average 4 mi delay per vehicle Avg of 4 mi delay, meas some vehciles >> 4 mis Ruway capacity achieved whe avg delay = 4 mis 80-90% of MTC Declared Capacity Number of movemets per hour at a reasoable LOS (i.e. delay miutes = 3 mi) Used for Schedule Coordiatio (i Europe). Sets limit o scheduled arrivals/departures 85-90% of MTC Sustaied Capacity Number of movemets per hour tha ca be reasoably sustaied over period of several hours Split i Airport Arrival Rate (AAR) ad Airport Departure Rate (ADR) 90% of MTC with good weather MTC 100% of MTC with bad weather MTC See deneufville/odoi (2004) pages 370 to 374 3

4 Ruway Operatios Arrivig aircraft lad Departig aircraft takeoff Ruway capacity determied by: Separatio distace betwee arrivig aircraft Separatio Distace Violatio Separatio distace betwee departig aircraft Separatio Distace Violatio Oly oe aircraft o ruway at ay time Simultaeous Ruway Occupacy Separatio distace ad Ruway Occupacy Time (ROT) determied by aircraft type (weight/lift, ladig speed, ) Heavy (e.g ) Large (e.g. 777, 767) Medium (e.g. 737) Small (e.g. RJ) 4

5 Model for Ruway Arrivals Ruway 5 legth of fial approach i(j) type of leadig (trailig) aircraft V i groud speed of aircraft type i O i ruway occupacy time of aircraft type i S ij miimum separatio distace betwee two airbore aircraft i ad j T ij miimum acceptable time iterval betwee successive arrivals at ruway of aircraft type i ad type j

6 Miimum Time Separatio Betwee 2 Aircraft Ruway ca oly have sigle aircraft at a time Miimum separatio distace betwee arrivig aircraft must be maitaied at all times T ij > O i miimum acceptable time iterval betwee successive arrivals at ruway of lead aircraft type i ad follow aircraft type j > ruway occupacy time of aircraft type i 6

7 Arrival Two Cases Lead aircraft of type i is faster tha follow aircraft of type j Case: Expadig Separatio Lead aircraft of type i is slower tha follow aircraft of type j Case: Decreasig Separatio 7

8 Expadig Separatio (v i >v j ) j s ij i j > s ij i Ruway /v i ( + s ij )/v j T ij = Miimum Acceptable Time Iterval betwee successive Arrivals max of 1. (( + s ij )/v j ) (/v i ) (time for follow aircraft (j) to fly separatio distace plus fial approach path) (time of lead aircraft (i) to fly fial approach path) 2. o i occupacy time of lead aircraft 8 Ruway

9 Costat Separatio (v i =v j ) Expadig Separatio (v i >v j ) /v j Time Time i j Rwy Threshold /v j NOT DRAWN TO SCALE Rwy Threshold i (/vi) j (( + sij)/vj) (/vi) (( + sij)/vj) 9 Rwy Exit Rwy Exit Distace o i Distace o i

10 Decreasig Separatio (v i < v j ) Ruway > s ij s ij T ij = Miimum Acceptable Time Iterval betwee successive Arrivals max of 1. (s ij /v j ) (time for faster follow aircraft (j) to fly separatio distace) (time of lead aircraft (i) to fly fial approach path) 2. o i occupacy time of lead aircraft 10 Ruway

11 Costat Separatio (v i =v j ) Cotractig Separatio (v i <v j ) Time Time j i Rwy Threshold /v j NOT DRAWN TO SCALE Rwy Threshold j i (/vi) (( + sij)/vj) /v j 11 Rwy Exit Rwy Exit Distace o i Distace o i

12 Mixed Fleet Arrivals Average Miimum Acceptable Iter-arrival Time E[T ij ] = Σ i to K Σ j to K p ij T ij K umber of aircraft types K 2 umber of aircraft type i followed by aircraft type j (pairs) p ij probability of aircraft type i followed by aircraft type j Maximum Capacity Throughput (MCT) = arrivals/hour = 1/E[T ij ] Assumes cotiuous supply of arrivig aircraft Assumes o arrival queueig delays Sustaied Capacity Throughput (SCT) = arrivals/hour = 1/E[T ij + δ] δ = 10 secs = additioal distace (paddig) used by Air Traffic Cotrollers to avoid violatig separatio distace 12

13 Example Aircraft Type i p i v i o i H L M S S = Follow (j) Lead (i) H L M S H L M S P = Follow (j) Lead (i) H L M S H L M S δ = 10 secs E[Tij] = Sustaied Capacity Throughput (Arrivals/Hour) = 30.9 aircraft/hours 13

14 Limitatios of Model Model assumes: idepedet ruway (o itersectios or parallel) Ladig aircraft oly Wid speed ad directio v i ad o i should be radom variables Separatio distace should be radom variables 14

15 END 15

16 Homework: Ruway Operatios - Arrivals Use Ruway Operatios Arrival Spreadsheet 1. Plot a graph with Max # Arrivals/Hour o y-axis, Aircraft Type (i,j) o the x-axis ( H-H, L-L, M-M, S-S). What aircraft type pairig geerates the highest umber of operatios? What aircraft type pairig geerates the highest umber of operatios? Plot a graph with Total # Seats o y-axis, Aircraft Type (i,j) o x-axis (H-H, L-L, M-M, S-S). Assume seats for aircraft type as follows: H=524, L=304, M=44, S=36. What aircraft type pairig geerates the highest umber of seats for arrivals? What aircraft type pairig geerates the lowest umber of seats for arrivals? 16