CANSO view on A-CDM. Case study on A-CDM at HKIA. Change management & human factors

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2 CANSO view on A-CDM Case study on A-CDM at HKIA Change management & human factors

3 What is A-CDM? ARRIVAL TAXI IN TURN AROUND TAXI OUT DEPARTURE Lack of shared awareness and collaboration Shared Processes & Information Sharing = A-CDM Isolated Decision Making Isolated Decision Making Isolated Decision Making Systems Information Processes Systems Information Processes Systems Information Processes Stakeholder, e.g. ANSP Stakeholder, e.g. airlines Stakeholder, e.g. airport operator

4 What is A-CDM? A-CDM is about partners working together and making decisions based on more accurate and higher quality information A-CDM requires collaboration between all partners involved in the management of flights

5 A-CDM Solution What is A-CDM? Taxiing Take-off En-route Landing Taxiing Gate Taxiing Take-off ATC LOCAL RULES & PROCEDURES APP/TWR ATC EXIT (Est. Taxi In Time EIBT (Est. In-Block Time) ALDT (Actual Landing Time) AIBT (Actual In-Block Time) Airline/GH/AP A-CDM Platform incl PDS APP/TWR ATC ELDT (Estimated Landing Time) Information from systems (e.g. AODB, A-SMGCS, EFS, AMAN, ATFM ) ARR & DEP Sch. & Flight Plan ELDT (Estimated Landing Time) Stand planning Ground Movement Data TOBT (Target Off Block Time) EXOT (Est. Taxi Out Time) TSAT (Target Start-up Approval Time) TTOT (Target Take Off Time) ARDT (Actual Ready Time) ASAT (Actual Start-up Approval Time) AOBT (Actual Off Block Time) ATOT (Actual Take Off Time) CTOT (Calculated Take Off Time)

6 CANSO's "Best Practices" Methodology Common Vocabulary Objectives & Performance A-CDM Procedures System solution Information Integration

7 CANSO's "Best Practices" Bring in all stakeholders from the start Engage Involve and educate partners to get them on board The group can educate themselves and agree on goals, not as individual organisations, but as part of the overall system Each stakeholder needs to understand how their involvement contributes to the overall system performance and how their contribution matters Improve Identify potential improvements Monitor Review Performance A-CDM Success Implement Procedures & Tools Plan Agree on objectives, obligations, and schedule

8 CANSO's "Best Practices" Commonly define and agree on the strategic objectives Set Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that align with the objectives Create the organization that shall lead and manage the program Improve Identify potential improvements Engage Involve and educate partners to get them on board A-CDM Success Plan Agree on objectives, obligations, and schedule Set up individual and group obligations, and the schedule for implementation Monitor Review Performance Implement Procedures & Tools

9 CANSO's "Best Practices" COMMON vocabulary & definitions WHAT data shall be shared GLOBAL GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS WHO provides the data A-CDM Improve Identify potential improvements LOCAL RULES & PROCEDURES HOWdo we prioritize different data HOW shall data be updated & BY WHOM Engage Involve and educate partners to get them on board A-CDM Success HOWshall data be displayed & TO WHOM HOW shall performance be measured Plan Agree on objectives, obligations, and schedule SUPPORTING SYSTEMS Monitor Review Performance Implement Procedures & Tools

10 CANSO's "Best Practices" Monitoring is an on-going and an essential component in understanding the success and weakness of the A-CDM procedures Outcomes and assessments must be shared within the stakeholder group If the agreed processes do not meet the expected results and objectives, they need to be improved. Move away from BLAME culture Improve Identify potential improvements Monitor Review Performance Engage Involve and educate partners to get them on board A-CDM Success Implement Procedures & Tools Plan Agree on objectives, obligations, and schedule

11 CANSO's "Best Practices" Engage Involve and educate partners to get them on board A-CDM IS AN ONGOING Improve Identify potential improvements A-CDM Success Plan Agree on objectives, obligations, and schedule ENGAGEMENT Monitor Review Performance Implement Procedures & Tools

12 CANSO A-CDM Guide PURPOSE: Assist in the implementation of the Airport-CDM concept and processes. OBJECTIVE To support ANSPs in the improvement of the global air transport efficiency by outlining topics for consideration e.g. involvement of relevant stakeholders when embarking on an Airport-CDM implementation DOWNLOAD

13 CANOS s Next Steps CANSO A-CDM Subgroup Focus: Task 1: Packaging and promoting the A-CDM subgroup existing deliverables Task 2: Delivering a Recommended KPAs and KPIs for A-CDM document Task 3: Delivering an Implementing A-CDM inside and outside the ANSP document

14 CANSO view on A-CDM Case study on A-CDM at HKIA Change management & human factors

15 Introduction Hong Kong International Airport: 2 parallel RWYs, capacity of 68 movement/hour (3 rd under construction by 2020) 100+ airlines (96 international airlines) ~70 million passengers/year (4 th busiest in APAC, 8 th in the world*) ~4,5 million ton cargo (No 1 in the world*) ~ movements/year Objective: Increase information sharing, predictability, capacity, and utilization of resources as well as lowering fuel consumption and costs Scope: Implement A-CDM procedures and supporting system to facilitate all stakeholder at the airport Stakeholders: A joint collaboration project between Airport Authority of Hong Kong, Civil Aviation Department, all airlines, ground handling agent and the solution provider. New RWY *ACI 2015 statistics

16 Scope of implementation Information Sharing Milestone Approach Variable Taxi Time (VTT) i ARR En-route Approach i i i i LINKED i DEP Departure INBOUND TURN AROUND OUTBOUND En-route i i i i i i i i Approach Departure En-route Approach Estimated In Block Time VTT Estimated Take Off Time VTT Departure Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out Pre-Departure Sequence En-route Approach 4TTOT TTOT TSAT TSAT TSAT Departure CDM in Adverse Conditions A-CDM creates predictability and common awareness during e.g. typhoons, thunderstorms En-route Approach Departure Integration with Flow Management 5 6 En-route Approach DEP information updates TSAT Target Take Off Taxi times Flow Restrictions, i.e. CTOT Departure Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out Taxi-in Gate Taxi-out

17 Methodology Workshops to Engage & Collaborate Educate Workshop #1 What is A- CDM Workshop #2 Initial Procedures & Solution Support Workshop #3 Operational Guidelines & User Tools Workshop #4 Final adjustments & implementation Training Tailored training sessions Management Operators ANSP Airport Ground Handlers Organization A-CDM Benefits Roles & Responsibilities Build A-CDM knowledge ConOps Development Initial solution requirements Mature ConOps A-CDM Key Performance Indicators Demo end user solution Final ConOps Demo mature end user solutions Implementation of A-CDM Techincal training Operator training

18 Procedures Information User Tools Use Cases Common Vocabulary Performance

19 INFORMATION & INTEGRATION PROCESS & PEOPLE Procedures Information User Tools Taxiing Take-off En-route Landing Taxiing Gate Taxiing Take-off ATC ELDT (Estimated Landing Time) ATCC/FDPS ELDT (Estimated Landing Time) AMAN LOCAL RULES & PROCEDURES APP/TWR ATC EXIB (Est. Taxi In Time EIBT (Est. In-Block Time) ALDT (Actual Landing Time) AIBT (Actual In-Block Time) Airline/GH/AP A-CDM Solution ARR & DEP Sch. & Flight Plan Stand planning APP/TWR ATC DMAN Electronic Flight Strips AODB ADPA A-SMGCS & Ground Surveillance Ground Movement Data TOBT (Target Off Block Time) EXOT (Est. Taxi Out Time) TSAT (Target Start-up Approval Time) TTOT (Target Take Off Time) ARDT (Actual Ready Time) ASAT (Actual Start-up Approval Time) AOBT (Actual Off Block Time) ATOT (Actual Take Off Time) ATFM

20 INFORMATION & INTEGRATION PROCESS & PEOPLE USER TOOLS Procedures Information User Tools Taxiing Airport En-route RAMP Landing AOC Crew GH Take-off ANSP Take-off Taxiing Gate Taxiing A-CDM Performance A-CDM Milestone Progress ATC A-CDM TOBT Management LOCAL RULES & PROCEDURES APP/TWR ATC Airline/GH/AP A-CDM TOBT Management APP/TWR ATC Departure Manager ATCC/FDPS AMAN A-CDM Solution DMAN Electronic Flight Strips AODB ADPA A-SMGCS & Ground Surveillance ATFM

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22 USER TOOLS Procedures Information User Tools Airport RAMP AOC Crew GH ANSP A-CDM Performance A-CDM Milestone Progress A-CDM TOBT Management A-CDM TOBT Management Departure Manager A-CDM Solution Taxiing Take-off En-route Landing Taxiing Gate Taxiing Take-off

23 CANSO view on A-CDM Case study on A-CDM at HKIA Change management & human factors

24 A fast changing industry Air Traffic Controller Licence Environment RNAV Safety PBN Airspace Design Safety management System Remote tower Infrastructure Drones aircraft A-SMGCS AMAN DMAN A-CDM Point Merge

25 Resistance to change Mistrust in the organization Comfort zone Group effect Previous experiences Habits Fear of the unknown Miscommunication

26 The change curve Kubler-Ross change curve

27 Change management 4. Feedback and support 1. Diagnostic 3. Implementation 2. Planification

28 Stretch your comfort zone!

29 Stretch your comfort zone! Source: Kenneth Chan, LinkedIn

30 Change management enablers Involvement Communication Training Sharing experience Stimulating the participation Explaining the benefits Presenting the change management steps, publications Theoretical training Simulations Workshops, conferences,.