CAPS. Primary School Atlas. Grades

Transcription

1 CAPS Primary School Atlas Grades 4 7

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3 CAPS Primary School Atlas Grades 4 7 It is illegal to photocopy any pages from this book without the written permission of the copyright holder.

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5 Contents How to use the Platinum Primary School Atlas Map skills Globes, maps and atlases Symbols, colours and keys on maps Scale Compass directions Locating places on maps Latitude and longitude Locating places on maps and globes Graphs Planet Earth and beyond South Africa Places where people live Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape Hunter-gatherers and herders The first farmers Early African kingdoms Colonisation of the Cape Frontiers of the Cape Colony World Heritage Sites Political Physical Climate Natural vegetation Natural resources and conservation Food and farming Mining Industries and trade Population Africa Ancient Egypt and Nubia The Kingdom of Mali and Timbuktu Political Physical World World European explorers find southern Africa The trans-atlantic slave trade Political Physical Tectonic plates, volcanoes and earthquakes Climate Natural vegetation Human activities Population Population growth and change Index

6 4 How to use the Platinum Primary School Atlas The page title indicates the main theme or topic of focus for each page. A locator map helps to locate the area, country or region being studied in its larger country or world context. The direction indicator on the map shows the four cardinal directions. Map titles indicate the main theme of the map, if it is not the same as the page title. The map key explains the meaning of the various symbols used on the map. Two types of scale are provided on all of the maps in the atlas: a line scale and a word scale. Different types of graphs give additional information on the topic. Nine History maps provide a heritage trail through each of the provinces of South Africa. The labelled lines of latitude and longitude form a grid that helps us to use degrees to identify and locate features and places on the maps. Maps of the nine provinces of South Africa provide information on the key geographic features of each province. Use the alphanumeric grid and labels to identify as well as locate features and places on the maps.

7 How to use the Platinum Primary School Atlas 5 Use atlas pages 6 7 to study and revise the key map skills needed for CAPS Grades 4 7 Geography. Use the contents page to find maps in the atlas. The colour used on the contents page for each of the main atlas sections is the same as the colour on the top and bottom of the matching atlas pages. Use the index to locate places on a map: for each place, the index gives both the alphanumeric grid reference and the co-ordinates (in degrees). Instructions are given on how to use the atlas index.

8 8 Map skills Symbols, colours and keys on maps Elements of a map In order for us to read and understand a map, it should always have a title and a key, and it should show direction and the scale used to draw the map. Map title South Africa Political 0 E 5 E 0 E 4 ZIMAWE A OTSWANA 5 S NAMIIA Limpopo Polokwane Mbombela Pretoria Mahikeng Gauteng Johannesburg Mpumalanga North West SWAZILAND Free State Kimberley KwaZulu-Natal loemfontein Northern Cape LESOTHO Pietermaritzburg Durban 0 S 0 S Tropic of Capricorn MOZAMIQUE A 5 S Direction indicator C W N S E Western Cape Eastern Cape hisho East London KEY Country capital Provincial capital Other city or town National boundary Provincial boundary C Cape Town Port Elizabeth Kilometres One centimetre represents 90 kilometres 5 S 5 S 0 E 5 E 0 E 4 Map scale Symbols and keys on maps ecause a map is a drawing of an area as seen from above, it is difficult to show all the objects and features that occur on the ground on a map. For this reason, cartographers use symbols to show the location of certain features. Symbols can be simple pictures, letters, patterns or colours. For example: To show water, we use the colour blue. We use green to show sports fields, parks and forests. To show a hospital, we use the red cross. To show a petrol station, we use a simple picture of a petrol pump. Map key The key on the map explains the meaning of the symbols in words.

9 Map skills Symbols, colours and keys on maps 9 Colour as a map symbol We can use different colours on a map as symbols to stand for different things. We often use green to show sports fields, parks and forests. We use blue to show rivers, lakes and seas. Colour to show height on maps The land on Earth is not all at the same height. Some parts, such as hills and mountains, are much higher than the land around them. In a plan view, we cannot see the heights of hills and mountains. Colours used on maps show which parts of the land are high and which are low. The map key explains what each colour stands for. Land at different heights above sea level Different parts of the hill are at different heights above sea level. A map of the area shown in the photograph

10 0 Map skills Scale Map scale To fit a map of a place or an area onto a page, the map needs to be greatly reduced, or scaled down, in size. This is known as drawing to scale. The scale of the map tells you how much smaller the map is than the real area. There are different ways to show the scale of a map. In this atlas, two types of scale are used: a line scale: The actual distance on the ground Metres One centimetre represents 500 metres and a word scale: centimetre represents 500 metres 0 E This means that cm on the map is 8 equal E to 500 m on the ground. Large-scale and small-scale maps 7 Large-scale maps show a small area of land. Small-scale maps show a much larger area of land. A E A POINT SIGNAL HILL Metropolitan Golf Course Cape Town Stadium New Somerset GREEN POINT Hospital V & A (VICTORIA and ALERT) WATERFRONT Table Mountain National Park TAMOERSKLOOF GARDENS SCHOTSCHE KLOOF University of Cape Town Metres One centimetre represents 400 metres ORANJEZICHT VREDEHOEK Cape Town Harbour Cape Peninsula University of Technology Table ay Table ay oulevard FORESHORE Nelson Mandela oulevard Table Mountain National Park ATLANTIC OCEAN St Helena ay Saldanha Citrusdal Vanrhynsdorp Clanwilliam Wellington Worcester Paarl Robben Island WOODSTOCK Cape Town Stellenbosch Khayelitsha 4 S Table Mountain 084 m Swellendam Mitchell s Plain Somerset West Strand A large-scale map shows a small area in great detail. A small-scale map shows a much larger area in less own streets The many roads and places in a small part of Cape Western detail Cape Here Cape modern Town appears as a dot no further 64479_xxx_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf _C8_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf Town are shown. detail is shown. S C erg Cape Peninsula Cape of Good Hope False ay 8 E 7 CEDERERG Olifants Walker ay Kilometres One centimetre represents 5 kilometres Northern Cap Western Cape Touws reede Cape Agulhas 0 E S W A R S Little K St Sebastian ay River

11 4 Map skills Locating places on maps and globes 0 N 0 0 S 60 W 0 W 0 0 E The co-ordinates of point A are 0 N; 0 W 7 8 E A Latitude and longitude co-ordinates Lines of latitude and longitude cross each other. We name each crossing point starting with its latitude measurement followed by its longitude measurement. These measurements are called co-ordinates. For example, the point at which the 0 N line of latitude and the 0 W line of longitude meet has the following co-ordinates: 0 N; 0 W. We can use latitude and longitude co-ordinates to describe the exact position of a place. How to find the co-ordinates of a place on a map Use the map below to find the co-ordinates of Knysna. Step : Find the line of latitude that passes closest to the place. This line of latitude is 4 S. Step : Find the line of longitude that crosses the latitude line closest to the place. This line is E. The co-ordinates for Knysna are 4 S; E. 0 E E E 5 A 0 A Vanrhynsdorp S ATLANTIC OCEAN St Helena ay Saldanha erg Citrusdal Clanwilliam Wellington Worcester Paarl Robben Island Cape Town Stellenbosch Khayelitsha 4 S Table Mountain 084 m Swellendam Mitchell s Plain Somerset West Strand C Cape Peninsula Cape of Good Hope False ay 7 CEDERERG Olifants Walker ay Danger Point Northern Cape Western Cape Touws reede S W A eaufort West Seweweekspoort Peak 5 m Oudtshoorn Little Karoo St Sebastian ay Great Karoo R T Gourits E R G George Mossel ay Knysna Mossel ay 9 Eastern Cape Plettenberg ay C INDIAN OCEAN 9 S 4 S Quoin Point 8 E Cape Agulhas 0 E E 4 4 E 5 Western Cape modern _C8_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf -9-4

12 0 South Africa Eastern Cape heritage trail Eastern Cape Heritage Sites A 0 S 4 E 6 E Free State 8 E LESOTHO 4 Qacha s Nek 0 E KwaZulu- Natal 5 A 0 S Northern Cape Jubilee Fountain Aliwal North S Western Cape Middelburg Mthatha Port St Johns The Owl House Queenstown Queenstown Museum You may not Coffee ay Cradock Eastern copy Cape or edit S Graaff-Reinet aff-re Aberdeen Post Office and Old Military Hospital INDIAN OCEAN hisho ho Magistrate s t Court Fort Murray City Hall C East London C of the Fort publisher. Peddiee Grahamstown aviaanskloof (Cape Floristic Region) Port Alfred KEY Cuyler Manor Uitenhage World heritage site Sarah aartman Site Algoa ay National heritage site 4 S Port Elizabeth Provincial heritage site Klasies s River Caves 4 S St Francis ay Seal Point Lighthouse N Provincial capital Cape St Francis City or town W E D Kilometres National boundary D S Provincial boundary One centimetre represents 40 kilometres 4 E 6 E 8 E 4 0 E 5 Around 00 AD Early Iron Age farmers arrive in southern Africa. Around 400 AD Iron Age people settle in the eastern parts of southern Africa. Around 600 AD Iron Age people settle along the south-eastern coast of South Africa, in the region we now know as Eastern Cape. 778 The Great Fish River is made the eastern boundary of the Cape Colony. 89 The Keiskamma River is made the eastern boundary of the Cape Colony. 80 Groups of ritish immigrants settle in the Eastern Cape. Port Elizabeth is started. 847 The Great Kei River is made the eastern boundary of the Cape Colony. 90 Cape Province becomes one of the four provinces of the Union of South Africa. 994 Eastern Cape is formed as one of the new provinces in South Africa.

13 South Africa Eastern Cape Eastern Cape A 0 S 0 4 E 6 E 4 8 E LES O T HO Fre e S tate Qacha s Nek M zi m E R G N o r t her n Ca pe 0 E vu bu 0 S K w a Z ul un a ta l Aliwal North 5 A E N S 0 A D R K Witteberg 77 m E a st er n C a pe Middelburg Sneeuberg 50 m W es t er n Cape Gr Cradock Graaff-Reinet Coffee ay ea WINTERERG 6 Port St Johns Queenstown Great Karoo S Mthatha S tk ei 9 INDIAN OCEAN 0 Su C nd hisho Great Fis h ay s Grahamstown Port Alfred Uitenhage 9 4 S N D 0 S Provincial capital City or town National road Railway Mountain peak 4 S Major port Major airport Provincial boundary D National boundary River Over 000 m Algoa ay Kilometres to 000 m 000 to 500 m 500 to 000 m 50 to 500 m 0 to 50 m 0 One centimetre represents 40 kilometres 4 E 6 E C KEY Height of the land above sea level Port Elizabeth St Francis ay Cape St Francis E W East London 4 8 E Eastern Cape Modern Water sources in Eastern Cape _c0_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf 0 E 5 8,8 rural Port Elizabeth beachfront Population (%) urban -9-4 Urban/rural population distribution in Eastern Cape 6, Regional/local water scheme orehole Spring Rain water tank Dam/pool/stagnant water River/stream Other Eastern Cape Coat of Arms _plt_ssc_407_atl_eng_za.indb 05/0/09 :8 PM

14 56 Africa Ancient Egypt and Nubia Ancient Egypt and Nubia KEY Mediterranean Sea Pyramid Alexandria Temple Delta Nile Archaeological site Other ancient site Cairo Giza Saqqara Dahshur The pyramids at Giza Meldum City or town Ancient capital of Upper Egypt Fertile land Lower Egypt Early kingdoms Abydos Thebes Dendera Karnak Valley of the Kings Luxor Deir el-ahri Kharga Oasis Esna Edfu Ist Cataract Kom Ombo Aswan Philae d Re Upper Egypt eit el-wali Se Qasr Ibrim a Abu Simbel The mask of Tutankhamun s mummy Wadi Halfa nd Cataract rd Cataract N Dongola E W Nubia 4th Cataract S Old Dongola 0 Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics CE Crop farming begins in the delta of the Nile River CE Farming along the Nile River with goats and sheep begins. 450 CE Ancient Egypt conquers the Kush people and occupies their land, called Nubia. Around 50 CE Tutankhamun becomes Pharaoh of Egypt _plt_ssc_407_atl_eng_za.indb 56 Kilometres One centimetre represents 0 kilometres 5th Cataract Meroe 6th Cataract Ancient Egypt and Nubia Around _d0_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf CE to 500 CE 00 CE 000 CE Kingdoms of Upper Egypt 4000 CE It is believed Farmers settle Upper Egypt conquers the that writing permanently and Lower kingdom of with for the first Egypt are Lower Egypt. time in the formed. The first dynasty hieroglyphics begins. valley of the of Ancient Nile River. Egypt is formed. Around 79 CE Ramses the Great becomes Pharaoh. Around 900 CE The kingdom of the Kush people becomes independent of Egypt. CE Alexander the Great conquers Egypt. Alexandria becomes the new capital city as well as a centre of learning and culture. Around 5 CE Cleopatra becomes the ruler of Egypt About 550 CE The Great Pyramid of Giza is built. 0 CE The Romans conquer Egypt and make it a province of the Roman Empire. 05/0/09 :45 PM

15 Africa The Kingdom of Mali and Timbuktu 57 Kingdom of Mali and Trade Across the Sahara Desert, 00s Algiers Tunis Fez Mediterranean Marrakech Sea Alexandria Cairo Sijilmasa ATLANT I C OCEAN Taghaza Re ds Ouadane Chinguetti Mecca ea Oulata Aoudaghost Koumbi Saleh Timbuktu Takedda Gao Assode Agadez Djenne N ondoukou egho LEGEND KEY E W S 0 Kilomet Kilometres Kingdom of Mali Trade routes The spread of Islam Centre of learning Sahara Desert City or town One centimetre represents 450 kilometres Mali Kingdom and Timbuktu _d0_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf A drawing of a camel caravan Early in the 00s The settlement of Timbuktu is started. The Great Mosque at Djenne Around 0 The kingdom of Mali is established. Mansa Musa becomes the king of Mali. He makes Timbuktu his capital city. 4 Mansa Musa makes his pilgrimage to Mecca. uilding of the Great Mosque of Timbuktu is started. INDIAN OCEAN 8--5 Doorway of the Ahmed aba Institute, Timbuktu Around 7 Mansa Musa dies. Around 600 The kingdom of Mali comes to an end. Present-day Timbuktu _plt_ssc_407_atl_eng_za.indb 57 05/0/09 :45 PM

16 _plt_ssc_407_atl_eng_za.indb 60 Dias sails around the Cape, which he names Cabo da oa Esperança (Cape of Good Hope) He sails to present-day Mossel ay and lands there. He then sails as far east as the ushman s River, where he turns back. Cape Verde OCEAN AT L A N T I C Searching for a sea route to India, Portuguese explorer artolomeu Dias sails down the west coast of Africa. He lands at presentday Walvis ay and soon after at Lüderitz ay. World explorers _e0_plat_atlas_primary_eng_zaf PACI FI C OCEAN Explorer s routes Diogo Cão artholomieu Dias Vasco da Gama Ferdinand Magellan Juan Elcano Marco Polo VOC trade route KEY S E Kilometres Java Equator er icorn Tropic of Ca pr PACI FI C OCEAN nc Tropic of Ca 498 In April, Da Gama reaches presentday Kenya. He crosses the Indian Ocean and, on 8 August, Da Gama becomes the first European to reach India by sea. In doing this, he establishes the Portuguese monopoly of the sea trade route to India. One centimetre represents 0 kilometres 0 INDIAN OCEAN Goa Calicut Ceylon eijing Circle Arctic 497 Vasco da Gama sets sail from Portugal hoping to expand on Dias discoveries. He lands on 8 November at presentday St Helena ay. He sails further east and sees the Natal coast on Christmas Day, naming it Terra do Natal, which means Land of irth. W N Sanlucar de arrameda Lisbon Venice Amsterdam Voyages of European Explorers to the East 60 World World European explorers find southern Africa 05/0/09 :45 PM

17 Index 79 Great Kei, river, South Africa 45 C Great Lakes 64 4 Great Sandy Desert, Australia 65 D Greece, country 6 7 Greenland, island, Denmark 64 A5 Grenada, country (50) 6 C4 Greytown, South Africa S 0 5 E Grootdraai Dam, South Africa C Guatemala City, Guatemala 6 C 4 8 N 90 W Guatemala, country 6 C Guinea issau, country 58 C Guinea Highlands, Guinea 59 D Guinea, country 58 C Gulf of Aden 59 C8 Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia 59 A5 Gulf of Guinea 59 D4 Gulf of Sirte, Libya 59 A5 Guyana, country 6 C5 H Haiti, country 6 C4 Hanoi, Vietnam 6 C0 0 N 05 5 E Harare, Zimbabwe 58 F7 7 4 S 05 E Harrismith, South Africa 8 6 S 9 08 E Harts, river, South Africa 5 Havana, Cuba 6 C4 07 N 8 5 W Hawaiian Islands, United States of America 64 C Heilbron, South Africa A 7 7 S 7 58 E Helsinki, Finland 6 A N 5 00 E Hertzogville, South Africa 8 08 S 5 0 E Heyshope Dam, South Africa C Highveld, South Africa 45 Himalaya, mountains 65 9 Hoedspruit, South Africa 9 4 S 0 58 E Honduras, country 6 C4 Honiara, Solomon Islands 6 D 9 8 S 59 5 E Lephalale, South Africa 9 A 4 40 S 7 45 E Mpumalanga, province, South Africa Lesotho, country 58 G6 Mtamvuna, river, South Africa 7 C Letaba, South Africa 9 A 5 S 5 E Mthatha, South Africa 4 4 S 8 46 E this document Liberia, country 58 D without permission Mtubatuba, South Africa S E Libreville, Gabon 58 D4 0 0 N 9 5 E Murzuq Desert, Libya 59 5 Libya, country 58 5 Muscat, Oman 6 C8 7 N 58 5 E Hoopstad, South Africa A 7 50 S 5 55 E Libyan Desert, Libya 59 6 Musina, South Africa 9 A 0 S 0 0 E Huascaran, mountain, Peru 64 D S 77 6 W Myanmar, country 6 C0 Hudson ay, Canada 64 4 Mzimkhulu, river, South Africa 7 C Hungary, country () 6 7 Mzimvubu, river, South Africa 4 I Iceland, country 6 A6 Iguidi Desert, Algeria 59 India, country 6 C9 Indian Ocean 65 D9 Indonesia, country 6 D0 Indus, river, Pakistan 65 C9 Iran, country 58 A9 Iraq, country 6 8 Ireland, country 6 6 Irtysh, river, Russia 65 9 Islamabad, Pakistan N 7 09 E Israel, country (5) 6 8 Italy, country 6 7 J Jakarta, Indonesia 6 D S E Jamaica, country (4) 6 C4 Japan, country 6 Jerusalem (5), Israel N 5 E Johannesburg, South Africa S 8 0 E Jordan, country 6 8 Jos Plateau, Nigeria 59 C4 Juba, river, Somalia 59 D8 Juba, South Sudan 58 D N 5 E K Kabul, Afghanistan N 69 E Kalahari Desert, otswana 59 G6 Kamiesberg, mountains, South Africa 45 C Kampala, Uganda 58 D7 0 9 N 5 E Kasai, river, Dem. Rep. of the Congo 59 E5 Kathmandu, Nepal 6 C9 7 4 N 85 9 E Kazakhstan, country 6 9 Kenya, country 58 D7 Kerguelen Islands, France 65 E9 Khartoum, Sudan 58 C7 5 N E Khayelitsha, South Africa 7 C 4 0 S 8 4 E Kigali, Rwanda 58 E6 59 S 0 05 E Kimberley, South Africa C S 4 46 E Kingston (4), Jamaica 6 C N W Kingstown (49), St Vincent and the Grenadines 6 C4 N 6 4 W Kinshasa, Dem. Rep. of the Congo 58 E5 4 8 S 5 8 E Kiribati, country 6 D Kishinev (4), Moldova N 8 50 E Klerksdorp, South Africa S 6 9 E Klip, river, South Africa 5 Knysna, South Africa 7 C4 4 0 S 0 E Koffiefontein, South Africa 9 4 S 5 00 E Kokstad, South Africa 7 C 0 S 9 6 E Komati, river, South Africa Komatipoort, South Africa 5 6 S 57 E Koppies, South Africa A 7 4 S 7 5 E Kosovo, country (0) 6 7 Kriegersbaken, mountain, South Africa D5 4 S 4 8 E Kroonstad, South Africa A 7 9 S 7 4 E Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 6 C0 08 N 0 4 E Kunlun Mountains, China 65 9 Kuril Islands, Russia 65 Kuruman, South Africa S 5 E Kuwait City (6), Kuwait 6 C8 9 0 N E Kuwait, country (6) 6 C8 KwaDukuza, South Africa S 7 E KwaZulu-Natal, province, South Africa 7 Kyiv, Ukraine N 0 0 E Kyrgyzstan, country 6 9 L Ladybrand, South Africa 9 S 7 7 E Ladysmith, South Africa S 9 47 E Lake Albert, Uganda 59 D7 Lake aikal, Russia 65 0 Lake Chad, Chad 59 C5 Lake Eyre, Australia 65 D Lake Kariba, Zambia 59 F6 Lake Kyoga, Uganda 59 D7 Lake Malawi, Malawi 59 F7 Lake Mweru, Zambia 59 E6 Lake Nasser, Egypt 59 7 Lake St Lucia, South Africa 7 A Lake Tana, Ethiopia 59 C7 Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania 59 E6 Lake Turkana, Kenya 59 D7 Lake Victoria, Uganda 59 E7 Lake Volta, Ghana 59 D Laos, country 6 C0 La Paz, olivia 6 D4 6 0 S 68 0 W Latvia, country 6 7 Lebanon, country (4) 6 8 Lebowakgomo, South Africa S 54 E Lena, river, Russia 65 A Lepelle, river, South Africa A Lephalala, river, South Africa 9 A Liechtenstein, country (7) 6 7 Lilongwe, Malawi 58 F7 58 S 49 E Lima, Peru 6 D4 06 S 77 0 W Limpopo, province, South Africa 9 A Limpopo, river 59 G6 N Lisbon, Portugal N 9 08 W Lithuania, country 6 7 Little Karoo, South Africa 7 Ljubljana (5), Slovenia N 4 0 E Llullaillaco, mountain, Argentina/Chile 64 D4 4 4 S 68 0 W Lomé, Togo 58 D N 4 E London, United Kingdom N 0 0 W Loskop Dam, South Africa Lowveld, South Africa 45 A Luanda, Angola 58 E S 5 E Lusaka, Zambia 58 F6 5 6 S 8 0 E Luxembourg (4), Luxembourg N 6 08 E Luxembourg, country (4) 6 7 M Macedonia, country () 6 7 Madadeni, South Africa 7 A 7 45 S 0 04 E Madagascar, country 58 G8 Madeira, islands, Portugal 59 A Madrid, Spain N 4 W Mafadi, mountain, South Africa 7 9 S 9 E Mafia Island, Tanzania 59 E8 Mahikeng, South Africa 5 A 5 5 S 5 8 E Majuro, Marshall Islands 6 C 7 05 N 7 E Makgadikgadi Pan, otswana 59 G6 Makhado (Louis Trichardt), South Africa 9 A 0 S 9 54 E Malabo, Equatorial Guinea 58 D4 45 N 8 48 E Malawi, country 58 F7 Malaysia, country 6 C0 Maldives, country 6 C9 Male, Maldives 6 C N 7 8 E Mali, country 58 C Malta, country () 6 7 Managua, Nicaragua 6 C4 06 N 86 8 W Manama (8), ahrain 6 C8 6 N 50 5 E Manila, Philippines 6 C 4 6 N 0 59 E Maputo, Mozambique 58 G S 5 E Margate, South Africa 7 C 0 5 S 0 E Maromokotro, mountain, Madagascar 59 F8 4 0 S E Marquesas Islands, France 64 D Marshall Islands, country 6 C Maseru, Lesotho 58 G6 9 9 S 7 9 E Mauritania, country 58 C Mauritius, country 58 G9 Mbabane, Swaziland 58 G7 6 0 S 08 E Mbombela, South Africa 5 8 S 0 59 E Mediterranean Sea 59 A4 Mekong, river 65 C0 Melekeok, Palau 6 C 7 0 N 4 8 E Mexico City, Mexico 6 C 9 5 N 99 0 W Mexico, country 6 C Mfolozi, river, South Africa 7 Middelburg, Eastern Cape, South Africa 0 S 5 E Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa 5 46 S 9 9 E Minsk, elarus N 7 0 E Mississippi, river, United States of America 64 Missouri, river, United States of America 64 Mitchell s Plain, South Africa 7 C 4 S 8 7 E Mmabatho, South Africa 5 A 5 5 S 5 8 E Modder, river, South Africa Mogadishu, Somalia 58 D8 0 N 45 E Mogalakwena, river, South Africa 45 A Mokolo, river, South Africa 9 A Mokopane, South Africa 9 4 S 9 0 E Moldova, country (4) 6 7 Molopo, river, South Africa 45 Monaco (6), Monaco N 7 5 E Monaco, country (6) 6 7 Mongolia, country 6 0 Monrovia, Liberia 58 D 6 0 N 0 46 W Mont-aux-Sources, South Africa S 8 54 E Mont lanc, Italy/France N 6 5 E Montenegro, country (8) 6 7 Montevideo, Uruguay 6 E S 56 0 W Mooirivier, South Africa 7 9 S 9 59 E Mopane, South Africa 9 A 7 S 9 5 E Morocco, country 58 A Moroni, Comoros 58 F8 40 S 4 6 E Moscow, Russia N 7 4 E Mossel ay, South Africa 7 C4 4 S 08 E Mossel ay, South Africa 7 C4 Mount Cameroon, Cameroon 59 D4 4 N 9 0 E Mount Elbrus, Russia N 4 9 E Mount Elgon, Uganda/Kenya 59 D7 07 N 4 5 E Mount Everest, China/Nepal 65 C N E Mount Kenya, Kenya 59 E7 0 0 S 7 9 E Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania 59 E7 0 S 7 0 E Mount Kosciuszko, Australia 65 E 6 7 S 48 6 E Mount Margherita, Uganda/Dem. Rep. of the Congo 59 D7 0 N 9 54 E Mount McKinley, United States of America 64 A 6 0 N 5 0 W Mozambique Channel 59 F7 Mozambique, country 58 G7 Nairobi, Kenya 58 E7 7 S 6 50 E Namahadi Peak, mountain, South Africa 8 46 S 8 49 E Namaqualand, South Africa 45 Namib Desert, Namibia 59 G5 Namibia, country 58 F5 Nassau, ahamas 6 C N 77 0 W Nauru, country 6 D Naypyidaw, Myanmar 6 C N 96 E N Djamena, Chad 58 C5 0 N 4 59 E Nepal, country 6 C9 Netherlands, country () 6 7 New Caledonia, island, France 65 D Newcastle, South Africa 7 A 7 45 S 9 56 E New Delhi, India 6 C9 8 7 N 77 E Newfoundland, island, Canada 64 5 New Guinea, island, Papua New Guinea/Indonesia 65 D New Siberian Islands, Russia 65 A New Zealand, country 6 E Niamey, Niger 58 C4 N 05 E Nicaragua, country 6 C4 Nicosia, Cyprus N E Niger Delta, Nigeria 59 D4 Niger, country 58 C4 Niger, river 59 C Nigeria, country 58 C4 Nile Delta, Egypt 59 A6 Nile, river 59 C7 Niue, country 6 D Nooitgedacht West, mountain, South Africa 5 A 5 5 S 7 E North America, continent 64 North China Plain, China 65 0 North Korea, country 6 North Sea 64 7 North West, province, South Africa 5 Northern Cape, province, South Africa C Northern Marianas, country 6 C Norway, country 6 A7 Nouakchott, Mauritania 58 C 8 09 N 5 58 W Novaya Zemlya, island, Russia 65 A8 Nubian Desert, Sudan 59 7 Nukualofa, Tonga 6 D 08 S 75 W Nuweveldberg, South Africa 45 C O Ob, river, Russia 65 A9 Ogaden Desert, Ethiopia 59 D8 Ogooue, river, Gabon/Congo 59 E5 Okavango Delta, otswana 59 F6 Olifants, river, Western Cape, South Africa 7 Oman, country 6 C8 Osizweni, South Africa 7 A 7 47 S 0 09 E Oslo, Norway 6 A N 0 45 E Ottawa, Canada N 75 4 W Ouagadougou, urkina Faso 58 C 0 N 40 W Oudtshoorn, South Africa S E Outeniqua, mountains, South Africa 45 C P Paarl, South Africa 7 45 S 8 58 E Pacific Ocean 64 D Pakistan, country 6 9 Palau, country 6 C

18 80 Index Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia 6 C 6 57 N 58 0 E Palmeirinhas Point, Angola 59 E S 58 E Panama City, Panama 6 C N 79 0 W Panama, country 6 C4 Papua New Guinea, country 6 D Paraguay, country 6 D4 Paramaribo, Surinam 6 C5 5 5 N 55 4 W Paris, France N 0 E Parys, South Africa A 6 54 S 7 7 E Patagonian Desert, Argentina 64 E4 Pemba, island, Tanzania 59 E8 Persian Gulf 59 8 Peru, country 6 D4 Petrusburg, South Africa 9 07 S 5 5 E Phalaborwa, South Africa 9 A 56 S 07 E Philippines, country 6 C Philippolis, South Africa C 0 6 S 5 7 E Phnom Penh, Cambodia 6 C0 5 N E Pietermaritzburg, South Africa S 0 4 E Pilanesberg, mountain, South Africa S 7 05 E Pilcomayo, river, Paraguay/Argentina 64 D4 Plateau of Iran, Iran 65 8 Plateau of Mato Grosso, razil 64 D5 Plettenberg ay, South Africa 7 C4 4 0 S E Podgorica (8), Montenegro N 9 7 E Pofadder, South Africa C 9 09 S 9 5 E Poland, country 6 7 Polokwane, South Africa 9 A 54 S 9 E Pongola, river, South Africa 7 A Port Alfred, South Africa C 6 S 6 5 E Port-au-Prince, Haiti 6 C4 8 N 7 0 W Port Elizabeth, South Africa D 58 S 5 40 E Port Louis, Mauritius 58 G9 0 0 S 57 0 E Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea 6 D 9 8 S 47 0 E Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 6 C4 0 9 N 6 W Porto-Novo, enin 58 D4 6 0 N 47 E Slovenia, country (5) 6 7 Smithfield, South Africa C 0 S 6 E Sneeuberg, mountain, South Africa 45 S 4 6 E V You may Socotra, island, Yemen not 59 C9 copy or Vaal Dam, South Africa edit A Sofia, ulgaria N 8 E Vaal, river, South Africa 45 Solomon Islands, country 6 D Vaduz (7), Liechtenstein N 9 E Somalia, country 58 D8 Valletta (), Malta N 4 E Somerset West, South Africa 7 C 4 05 S 8 5 E Vals, river, South Africa A South Africa, country 58 H6 Vanderkloof Dam, South Africa 45 C this document South America, continent without 64 D4 permission Vanrhynsdorp, South Africa 7 A 6 S 8 45 E South China Sea 65 C0 Vanuatu, country 6 D South Georgia, island, United Kingdom 64 E5 Vatican City, country (9) 6 7 Port Shepstone, South Africa 7 C 0 45 S 0 7 E South Korea, country 6 Venezuela, country 6 C4 Port St Johns, South Africa 4 8 S 9 E South Sudan, country 58 D6 Vereeniging, South Africa 5 C 6 40 S 7 59 E Portugal, country 6 6 Southern Ocean 64 F5 Verkhoyansk Range, Russia 65 A Port Vila, Vanuatu 6 D 7 45 S 68 8 E Soutpansberg, mountains, South Africa 9 A Verulam, South Africa S 0 E Potchefstroom, South Africa S 7 06 E Soweto, South Africa S 7 5 E Vet, river, South Africa Prague (0), Czech Republic N 4 6 E Spain, country 6 6 Victoria Falls, Zambia/Zimbabwe 59 F S 5 5 E Praia, Cape Verde 58 C 5 5 N 9 W Springbok, South Africa C 9 4 S 7 55 E Victoria Island, Canada 64 A Pretoria, South Africa S 8 E Prieska, South Africa C S 45 E Prince Edward Islands, South Africa 65 E8 Principé, island, São Tomé and Principé 59 D4 Pristina (0), Kosovo N 0 E Pyongyang, North Korea N 5 47 E Q Qacha s Nek, Lesotho S 8 4 E Qatar, country (7) 6 C8 Qattara Depression, Egypt 59 A6 Queenstown, South Africa 54 S 6 5 E Quito, Ecuador 6 D4 0 4 S 78 0 W Quoin Point, South Africa 7 C 4 47 S 9 8 E R Rabat, Morocco 58 A 4 0 N 6 5 W Ras Dashan, mountain, Ethiopia 59 C7 5 N 8 7 E Red Sea 59 7 Reunion, island, France 59 G9 Reykjavik, Iceland 6 A N 58 W Richards ay, South Africa S 06 E Richmond, South Africa S 0 6 E Riet, river, South Africa Riga, Latvia N 4 08 E Rio Grande, river, United States of America/Mexico 64 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 6 C8 4 9 N E Robben Island, South Africa 7 Rocky Mountains, United States of America/Canada 64 Roggeveldberg, South Africa 45 C Romania, country 6 7 Rome, Italy N 0 E Roseau (46), Dominica 6 C4 5 8 N 6 W Rufiji, river, Tanzania 59 E7 Russia, country 6 A0 Rustenburg, South Africa 5 A 5 40 S 7 5 E Rwanda, country 58 E7 S Sabie, river, South Africa Sahara Desert 59 St Francis ay, South Africa D St George s (50), Grenada 6 C4 04 N 6 44 W St Helena ay, South Africa 7 St Helena, island, United Kingdom 58 F St John s (45), Antigua and arbuda 6 C N 6 5 W St Kitts and Nevis, country (44) 6 C4 St Lucia, country (47) 6 C4 St Sebastian ay, South Africa 7 C St Vincent and the Grenadines, country (49) 6 C4 Saipan, Northern Marianas 6 C 5 N E Salamat, river, Chad 59 C5 Saldanha, South Africa 7 00 S 7 57 E Samoa, country 6 D Sana a, Yemen 6 C8 5 N 44 4 E Sanaga, river, Cameroon 59 D5 Sand, river, South Africa San Jose, Costa Rica 6 C N W San Marino (8), San Marino N 6 E San Marino, country (8) 6 7 San Salvador, El Salvador 6 C4 40 N 89 0 W Santiago, Chile 6 E4 0 S W Santa Domingo, Dominican Republic 6 C4 8 0 N W São Tomé and Principé, country 58 E4 São Tomé, island, São Tomé and Principé 59 D4 São Tomé, São Tomé and Principé 58 D4 0 9 N 6 4 E Sarajevo (7), osnia and Herzegovina N 8 6 E Saudi Arabia, country 58 8 Sea of Japan 65 Sea of Okhotsk, Russia 65 Senegal, country 58 C Senegal, river, Senegal/Mauritania 59 C Seoul, South Korea N 7 00 E Serbia, country (9) 6 7 Severnaya Zemlya, island, Russia 65 A0 Seweweekspoort Peak, South Africa 7 4 S E Seychelles, country 58 E9 Shebelle, river, Somalia 59 D8 Sierra Leone, country 58 D Sinai Peninsula, Egypt 59 7 Singapore, country 6 C0 Singapore, Singapore 6 C0 0 N 0 50 E South Africa 0 Skopje (), Macedonia N 8 E Slovakia, country () 6 7 Springs, South Africa S 8 7 E Sri Lanka, country 6 C9 Standerton, South Africa C 6 57 S 9 5 E Stellenbosch, South Africa 7 56 S 8 5 E Stockholm, Sweden N 8 05 E Stormberg, South Africa 45 C Strait of Gibraltar, Spain/Morocco 59 A Strand, South Africa 7 C 4 07 S 8 49 E Sucre, olivia 6 D S 65 5 W Sudan, country 58 C6 Suez Canal, Egypt 59 A7 Sumatra, island, Indonesia 65 C0 Sundays, river, South Africa C Surinam, country 6 C5 Suva, Fiji 6 D 8 08 S 78 5 E Svalbard, island, Norway 65 A7 Swartberg, mountains, South Africa 7 Swaziland, country 58 G7 Sweden, country 6 A7 Swellendam, South Africa 7 C 4 0 S 0 6 E Switzerland, country () 6 7 Syria, country 6 8 T Table Mountain, South Africa 7 57 S 8 E E Tahat, mountain, Algeria N 5 E Taipei, Taiwan 6 C 5 05 N E Taiwan, country 6 C Tajikistan, country 6 9 Tallinn, Estonia N 4 48 E Tanzania, country 58 E7 Tashkent, Uzbekistan N 69 E Tasmania, island, Australia 65 E Taung, South Africa 4 7 S 4 47 E Tbilisi, Georgia N E Tegucigalpa, Honduras 6 C N 87 4 W Tehran, Iran N 5 6 E Thabana Ntlenyana, mountain, South Africa S 9 6 E Thabazimbi, South Africa S 7 4 E Thailand, country 6 C0 Thar Desert, India 65 C9 The Alps, Switzerland/Italy 64 7 Thimphu, hutan 6 C9 7 N 89 4 E Thohoyandou, South Africa 9 A 57 S 0 9 E Thukela, river, South Africa 7 Tibesti Mountains, Chad 59 5 Tirana (), Albania N 9 49 E Togo, country 58 D4 Tokyo, Japan N 9 45 E Tonga, country 6 D Tongaat, South Africa S 07 E Toringkop, mountain, South Africa 5 C 6 S 8 4 E Toubkal, mountain, Morocco 59 A 0 N 7 57 W Touws, river, South Africa 7 Trinidad and Tobago, country 6 C4 Tripoli, Libya 58 A5 58 N E Tristan da Cunha, island, United Kingdom 64 E6 Tsiafajavona, mountain, Madagascar 59 F8 9 0 S 47 5 E Tuamotu Archipelago, France 64 D Tunis, Tunisia 58 A N 0 E Tunisia, country 58 A4 Turkey, country 6 8 Turkmenistan, country 6 8 Tuvalu, country 6 D Tzaneen, South Africa 9 A 50 S 0 0 E U Ubangi, river 59 D5 Uele, river, Dem. Rep. of the Congo 59 D6 Uganda, country 58 D7 Uitenhage, South Africa C 46 S 5 4 E Ukraine, country 6 7 Ulan ator, Mongolia N 06 5 E Ulundi, South Africa S 5 E umgeni, river, South Africa 7 Umgwenya, river, South Africa umkhomazi, river, South Africa 7 C umkhuze, river, South Africa 7 A Underberg, South Africa S 9 0 E United States of America, country 6 United Arab Emirates, country (9) 6 C8 United Kingdom, country 6 6 Upington, South Africa C 8 8 S 4 E Ural Mountains, Russia 65 A8 Uruguay, country 6 E5 Uzbekistan, country 6 8 Victoria, Seychelles 58 E9 4 8 S 55 8 E Vienna (), Austria N 6 E Vientiane, Laos 6 C N 0 8 E Vietnam, country 6 C0 Villiers, South Africa A 7 0 S 8 6 E Vilnius, Lithuania N 5 9 E Volga, river, Russia 65 8 Volksrust, South Africa C 7 S 9 54 E Vredefort, South Africa A 7 0 S 7 E Vryburg, South Africa S 4 44 E Vryheid, South Africa 7 A 7 46 S 0 48 E W Walker ay, South Africa 7 C Warsaw, Poland N 00 E Washington DC, United States of America N W Waterberg, mountains, South Africa 9 Weenen, South Africa S 0 04 E Welkom, South Africa A 7 59 S 6 44 E Wellington, New Zealand 6 E 4 7 S E Wellington, South Africa 7 8 S 8 59 E West Siberian Plain, Russia 65 9 Western Cape, province, South Africa 7 Western Rift Valley 59 E7 Western Sahara, country 58 White Nile, river 59 C7 Wilge, river, Free State, South Africa A Wilge, river, Mpumalanga, South Africa C Winburg, South Africa 8 S 7 0 E Windhoek, Namibia 58 G5 4 S 7 06 E Winterberg, mountains, South Africa C Witteberg, mountain, South Africa 0 4 S 7 8 E Witwatersrand, South Africa 45 Worcester, South Africa 7 9 S 9 7 E X Y Yamoussoukro, Côte D Ivoire 58 D 6 49 N 5 7 W Yangon, Myanmar 6 C N 96 0 E Yangtze, river, China 65 C0 Yaounde, Cameroon 58 D5 5 N E Yaren, Nauru 6 D 0 S E Yemen, country 6 C8 Yenisey, river, Russia 65 A0 Yerevan, Armenia N 44 E Ysterkroon Mountain, South Africa S 9 56 E Z Zagreb (6), Croatia N 5 58 E Zagros Mountains, Iran 65 8 Zambezi, river 59 F6 Zambia, country 58 F6 Zanzibar, island, Tanzania 59 E8 Zeerust, South Africa 4 A 5 S 6 05 E Zimbabwe, country 58 F6

19 Simply superior! The Platinum Primary School Atlas is a rich and colourful resource that will bring History and Geography to life while introducing learners to maps and their meaning. The carefully selected maps, graphs and photographs will take learners beyond the classroom and enrich their learning. You may This vibrant not atlas supports copy the CAPS curriculum or edit and has been developed by subject and education specialists who understand the needs of South African teachers and learners. of The Platinum the Primary publisher. School Atlas provides: clear links to the CAPS curriculum for Social Sciences comprehensive support for both History and Geography the most up-to-date information, statistics, maps and graphs locator maps, map keys, line and word scales, direction indicators, alpha-numeric and latitude-longitude grids a comprehensive index of place names. MASKEW MILLER LONGMAN