A Snapshot of Sanitation and Open Defecation in Africa 2010 Update

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Bernard Franklin
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1 A Snapshot of Sanitation and Open Defecation in 10 Update A regional perspective based on data from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation UNICEF/NYHQ /Asselin Third n Conference on Sanitation and Hygiene Kigali, Rwanda July, 11 WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply and Sanitation

2 AMCOW regional sanitation coverage trends Sanitation coverage trends , AMCOW regions, sub-saharan and all of Open Defecation facilities facilities Improved facilities Eastern Western Southern Central Northern Sub-Saharan Sub-Saharan comprises of the countries in the AMCOW regions of Central, Eastern, Southern and Western Due to rounding and different ways of aggregating regional data, the sum of the individual regional data does not necessarily match the regional aggregates of sub-saharan and Urban, rural and total sanitation coverage data Population (millions) Population using improved sanitation Population using shared sanitation Population using unimproved sanitation Population practising open defecation Population without sanitation Urban-Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Eastern % 19% % 32% 10% 13% 15% % % % 48% 43% 63% 81% 78% % % % 37% 12% % 14% 24% % 9% 41% 33% 60% 77% 73% Western % % % 36% 14% 21% 19% % % 10% 47% 35% 65% 77% 73% % % % 38% 13% 24% % 24% % 11% 43% 29% 65% 80% 73% Southern % 30% 43% % 9% 11% 9% 10% 10% 10% 51% 36% 35% 70% 57% % 35% 50% % 12% 14% 11% 19% 15% 5% 34% 21% 32% 65% 50% Central % 9% % % 4% 12% 32% 55% 47% 6% 32% 24% 65% 91% 83% % % % % 18% 21% 37% 36% 37% 3% % 15% 67% 77% 73% Northern % 55% 72% 6% 4% 5% 0% 12% 6% 3% 29% % 9% 45% 28% % 83% 89% 6% 6% 6% 0% 2% 1% 0% 9% 4% 6% % 11% Sub-Saharan % 21% 28% 29% 10% % % % % 11% 47% 36% 57% 79% 72% % 24% 31% 31% 13% % % 25% % 8% 38% % 56% 76% 69% % 26% 36% % 9% 14% 11% 21% % 9% 44% 33% 43% 74% 64% % 32% 41% % 12% 18% 12% 21% 18% 6% 35% % 45% 68% 59%

3 Perspectives on progress towards the MDG sanitation target 18 countries in sub-saharan are performing better than the regional average Nine countries in are on track for meeting the MDG sanitation target MDG progress measurement Comparative indicator On track: Performing above the regional average Coverage rate in 08 >95%, or was within 5 per cent of the 08 rate required to meet the MDG target Performing below the regional average Population that gained access to an improved sanitation facility Total population sub-saharan in million = = 11.1% of the current population gained access since million Progress but insufficient: Coverage rate in 08 was between 5 per cent and 10 per cent below the 08 rate required to meet the MDG target Not on track: Coverage rate in 08 was the same or lower than the rate in 1990 or more than 10 per cent below the 08 rate required to meet the MDG target, No or insufficient data: Data were unavailable or insufficient to estimate trends Only Northern already surpassed its MDG sanitation target all other regions are set to miss it. 100 Northern Coverage (%) 80 MDG targets Southern Western Central Eastern Current trend Trend needed to meet the MDG target

4 The number of people practising open defecation has increased In 10 countries in more than half the population practises open defecation More than one third of the rural population in practises open defecation while in urban areas only six per cent of the population does not use any toilet facility Urban National Practice of open defecation, 08 No open defecation 1% 10% 11% 25% 26% 50% More than 50% No or insufficient data 1 million people in practised open defecation in 08 Rural Sanitation coverage trends by population, Urban Eastern 90 million Western 84 million Population (millions) million million 213 million million Rural Southern 33 million Eastern, 90 Western, 84 Population (millions) million million Southern, 33 Central, Northern, million 113 million Improved sanitation 08 Public and shared facilities facilities Urban/rural disparities in the population without improved sanitation, sub-saharan,1990 and 08 (millions)

5 08 sanitation coverage levels Eritrea Niger Chad Burkina Faso Ethiopia Benin Togo Sao Tome and Principe Somalia Namibia Mauritania Liberia Mozambique Cape Verde Sudan Lesotho Madagascar Guinea-Bissau Côte d'ivoire SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Zimbabwe Sierra Leone Angola AFRICA Nigeria Guinea Ghana Central n Rep. Senegal Zambia Morocco Swaziland Mali Botswana Kenya Tanzania Uganda DR Congo Malawi South Djibouti Congo Cameroon Tunisia Gambia Algeria Rwanda Gabon Burundi Mauritius Comoros Egypt Coverage (%) Improved facilities Public and shared facilities facilities

6 Improved For more data and information on the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation visit: Improved Improved Sanitation coverage data 08 Sanitation Coverage (%) Population Urban Rural Total Population gaining access Total Urban Country (x 1,000) (%) Rest of (x 1,000) Angola 18, sub-saharan 7,606 Algeria 34, ,1 Benin 8, Botswana 1, Burkina Faso 15, ,147 Burundi 8, ,214 Cameroon 19, ,2 Cape Verde Ethiopia 110* Central n Republic 4, ,153 Chad 10, Sudan Comoros Congo 3, Nigeria Côte d'ivoire, ,214 Democratic Republic of the Congo 64, ,448 Djibouti Egypt 81, ,264 Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 4, Ethiopia 80, ,754 Gabon 1, * Gambia 1, * Ghana, ,988 Guinea 9, ,315 Guinea-Bissau 1, * Kenya 38, ,925 Lesotho 2, Liberia 3, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 6, ,868 Madagascar 19, ,0 Malawi 14, ,344 Mali 12, ,324 Mauritania 3, Mauritius 1, Morocco 31, ,741 Mozambique, ,315 Namibia 2, Niger 14, Nigeria 151, ,373 Rwanda 9, ,605 Sao Tome and Principe * Senegal 12, ,363 Seychelles Sierra Leone 5, * Somalia 8, * South 49, ,890 Sudan 41, ,847 Swaziland 1, * Togo 6, Tunisia 10, ,63` Uganda 31, ,280 United Republic of Tanzania 42, ,087 Zambia 12, ,545 Zimbabwe 12, Sub-Saharan 8, , , ,7 * estimates are given for Cape Verde, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, and Swaziland Data not available to the WHO/UNICEF JMP are marked with a

Table A.LPG1 : TOTAL LPG CONSUMPTION (Best available Estimates)

Table A.LPG1 : TOTAL LPG CONSUMPTION (Best available Estimates) 1000 MT 1 Burkina Faso 0.509 0.587 0.615 0.606 0.435 0.429 0.691 1.057 1.385 1.698 2.156 2.432 2.888 2 Cape Verde 4.058 4.268 4.988 5.259