Official Launch. 32nd ICRI General Meeting. 7 December 2017 Nairobi, Kenya. David Obura Said Ahamada Mishal Gudka

Transcription

1 Official Launch 32nd ICRI General Meeting 7 December 2017 Nairobi, Kenya David Obura Said Ahamada Mishal Gudka David Obura, Mishal Gudka, Fouad Abdou Rabi, Suraj Bacha Gian, Lionel Bigot, Jude Bijoux, Sarah Freed, Jean Maharavo, Vikash Munbodhe, Jelvas Mwaura, Sean Porter, Erwan Sola, Julien Wickel, Saleh Yahya and Said Ahamada

2 Contents 1 REGIONAL CHAPTERS Introductory sections Long term monitoring The 2016 coral bleaching event Long term regional drivers and responses References 2 NATIONAL CHAPTERS Comoros Kenya Madagascar Mauritius Mozambique Reunion (France) Seychelles South Africa Tanzania Subsections: Summary Introduction Status and Trends Coral bleaching 2016 Drivers and pressures Timeline Responses Recommendations David Obura, Mishal Gudka, Fouad Abdou Rabi, Suraj Bacha Gian, Lionel Bigot, Jude Bijoux, Sarah Freed, Jean Maharavo, Vikash Munbodhe, Jelvas Mwaura, Sean Porter, Erwan Sola, Julien Wickel, Saleh Yahya and Said Ahamada

3 Contributors PEOPLE Comoros, Abdou Rabi F, Ahamada Mroimana N, Ahamada S., Freed S., Madi Bamdou M., Maharavo J., Mouhhidine J., Nicet J.B; Kenya, David Obura, Dishon Murage, Harrison Onganda, James Kamula, Jelvas Mwaura, Jillo Katello, Judy Nyunja, Juliet Karisa, Mike Olendo, Mohamed Omar Said, Noah Ngiasange, Rose Ambae, Stephen Katua, Stephen Mussembi, Melita Samoilys; Madagascar, Andrianjafy Ihando, Maharavo Jean, Rasolomaharavo Andry; Mauritius, Bacha Gian S., Hurbungs M., Khadun S., Koonjul M., Munbodhe V., Pillay R.M., Raf n J, Soogun N., Soondron S.; Mozambique, Erwan Sola, Isabel da Silva, Marcos Pereira, Reunion, Bigot L., Cauvin B., Chabanet P., Duval M., Malfait G., Massé L., Maurel L., Nicet JB., Pothin K., Talec P., Wickel J.; Seychelles, Anna Koester, April Burt, Arjan de Groene, Ariadna Fernández, Aurélie Duhec, Christophe Mason-Parker, Christopher Narty, Dainise Quatre, Elke Talma, Isabelle Ravinia, Jan Robinson, Jennifer Appoo, Joanna Bluemel, Josep Nogués, Jude Bijoux, Mariliana Leotta, Nicholas Graham, Patsy Thérésine, Phillip Haupt, Pierre-Andre Adam, Richard Jeanne, Rodney Quatre, Savi Leblond, Shaun Wilson; South Africa, Camilla Floros, David Pearton, Justin Hart, Michael Schleyer, Sean Porter, Stuart Laing; Tanzania, Ali Ussi, Hassan Kalombo, Jiddawi, N.S., Mohammed, M.S., Muhando, C., Sallema-Mtui, R., Yahya, S.A.S. INSTITUTIONS Comoros, Blue Ventures Conservation, Direction Générale de l Environnement et des Fore ts, Comoros, United Nations Development Programme; Kenya, African Nature Organization (ANO), Arocha-Kenya, CORDIO East Africa, East Africa Wildlife Services, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS), National Environment Management Authority, Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF); Madagascar, Blue Ventures, Centre National de Recherche Océanographiques (CNRO), CETAMADA, Direction Régional du Ministère de l Environnement, de la Mer et des Fore ts, Mahajanga (DREEMF), Madagascar National Park (MNP), Parc Marin de Tanikely, Station de Recherche Océanographique de Vangaindrano (SROV); Mauritius, Albion Fisheries Research Centre (AFRC), Eco-Sud, Forever Blue, Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), Lagon Bleu, Mauritius Marine Conservation Society (MMCS), Mauritius Oceanography Institute (MOI), Mauritius Tourism Authority, Ministry of Environment, Sustainable Development, and Disaster and Beach Management (MoESDDBM), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade, Ministry of Local Government, Ministry of Ocean Economy, Marine Resources, Fisheries, Shipping and Outer Island, National Coast Guards (NCG), Reef Conservation, Regional Integration and International Trade, Rodrigues Regional Assembly (RRA) (SEMPA; South East Marine Protected Area), Shoals Rodrigues, The Mauritian Scuba Diving Association (MSDA), University of Mauritius (UoM); Mozambique; Reunion, Direction de l Environnement, de l Aménagement et du Logement, GIP Réserve Naturelle Marine de La Réunion, Institut Franc ais pour l Exploitation de la Mer, délégation ocean Indien, IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), MAREX, Universite de La Réunion; Seychelles, Aldabra Marine Programme, Alphonse Island Lodge, Denis Island Lodge, Department of Parks and Wildlife (Australia), Desroches Island Development Ltd, Desroches Island Lodge, Fisheries and Marine Consultancy, Global Environment Facility, Global Vision International, Government of Seychelles, Green Islands Foundation, Independent Consultant, Indian Ocean Commission, Island Conservation Society, Islands Development Company, James Cook University (Australia), Lancaster University (UK), M/Y Pangaea, Marine Conservation Society Seychelles, Marine Conservation Society Seychelles, Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change, Nature Seychelles, North Island Luxury Private Resort, Seychelles Fishing Authority, Seychelles Islands Foundation, Seychelles National Parks Authority, Silhouette Hilton LaBriz Resort & Spa, University of Hawaii (USA), University of Newcastle upon Tyne (UK); South Africa, Department of Environmental Affairs, Mazda Wildlife Fund, National Research Foundation, Oceanographic Research Institute, South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association; Tanzania, Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS- UDSM), National Environment Management Council, State University of Zanzibar, Tanga Coastal Zone Conservation and Development Programme, Tanzania Coral Reef Taskforce, University of Dar es Salaam.

4 Process - Timeframe: Mobilization of national and regional experts and CRTFs - Technical note developed alongside CORDIO and GCRMN - Coral reef session at the 9 th WIOMSA scientific symposium in Durban: progress and national/regional chapter outlines - Data collection: Data sharing agreement, data sheets etc. - Webinars through the WIO group at TNC Reef Resilience platform - Validation workshops for national reports - WIO CRTF workshop for report drafting in Zanzibar - Support to the 2016 coral bleaching data collection initiative - Finalization of the regional report

5 Effort Coral Fleshy Algae Fish Countries Locations/Sites/Stations Datasets Individual surveys Start Year End Year Years surveyed

6 Coral cover

7 Algal cover Hard Coral Fleshy Algae

8 Key finding - benthos From pre-1998 to coral cover decrease - 25% ( 40 to 30%) Algae cover increase 2.5 ( 15 to 35%) What will happen after 2016 bleaching? Will corals be able to recover, or are they losing their ability to recover?

9 Fish functional groups

10 Key finding - fish Increasing dominance by herbivores and detritivores, and by smaller-bodied fish Does this mean simplification of trophic relationships and dominance of reef processes by single process herbivory?

11 Bleaching observations in re-surveyed sites

12 Regional drivers Human population projections NOAA Coral Reef Watch GDP WIO countries UNEP bleaching forecast

13 Key finding Corals to algae shift Increasing dominance by herbivores and detritivores, Increasing dominance by smallerbodied fish? Does this mean lower resilience of corals and/or shift to algalherbivory system??

14 Recommendations 1. Even more important to implement stronger management measures than those in place from (Aichi and SDG targets) 2. Building the resilience and recovery ability of coral reefs 3. Reverse the local drivers causing degradation, find effective ways to rebuild and restore 4. Regional and national coral reef networks, Coral Reef Task Force expansion of capacity building, institutionalization, data management and sharing, network-building 5. Undertake education, awareness and information campaigns to raise awareness on need for effective coral reef and associated ecosystems protection

15 Next steps for 2018 Dissemination of the WIO GCRMN report through national workshops and policy briefs Post-bleaching assessment scientific publication Celebration of the international year of the reef (2018) with: education and information campaign Organisation of a side event at the 2 nd regional ICZM symposium Call for continued support from partners and national decision makers to national and regional coral reef task forces/networks as a good and resilient example of regional cooperation (20 years of existence)

16 THANK YOU