Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development
|
|
- Bartholomew Maxwell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 AlmaTourism Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development A Quality Assessment of Tourist Information: the Case of Nautical Tourism at Shiretoko Peninsula Neuts, B. * University of Leuven (Belgium) Romão, J. University of Algarve (Portugal) Nijkamp, P. VU University Amsterdam (Netherlands) Shikida, A. Hokkaido University (Japan) ABSTRACT The success of tourism promotion in a destination partially depends on the extent to which it successfully links varied products catering to a heterogeneous group of visitors in a multi- client system. In contemporary destination marketing, communication between the service providers at the destination and the (prospective) tourists has become increasingly important as a result of the rise in informal communication channels and social media. This paper focuses on the effect of using different information sources when booking a cruise tour in Shiretoko Peninsula (a natural World Heritage Site) by employing a multi- group structural model. Our findings revealed that a mismatch between the expectation created by the visitors based on the information about the site and the satisfaction they experience when visiting the place can be a strong factor of dissatisfaction, with negative implications on the possible recommendations and loyalty. Additionally, it was possible to conclude that information available on the internet and via guidebooks seems to negatively affect satisfaction on certain elements and routes, while local information from tourist offices, hotels and local shops was found less problematic. Keywords: Marketing, Information, Satisfaction, Loyalty, Simultaneous Equation Modeling * E- mail address: bart.neuts@ees.kuleuven.be E- mail address: joao_romao@me.com E- mail address: pnijkamp@feweb.vu.nl E- mail address: shikida@cats.hokudai.ac.jp 24
2 Introduction In a competitive and globalized environment, the success of a tourist destination partially depends on the extent to which varied products cater to a heterogeneous group of visitors in a multi- client system (Romão et al., 2014). Heterogeneity can relate to personal characteristics such as origin, age, level of education and social status, and to more specific holiday- related characteristics such as the main motivations, travel company and accommodation type used. As broadly assumed in the literature, it is important to analyse this market heterogeneity in great detail in order to develop effective marketing strategies (Kozak and Rimmington, 2000; Castro et al., 2007). One important aspect of any marketing strategy is the communication between the destination on the one hand, and the (prospective) tourist on the other hand. Not only can information serve as an attractor for people still in the decision- phase of travelling, the information also sets a benchmark for expectations regarding the experience a destination has to offer. As such, the information is meant to attract tourists, while at the same time it should provide a realistic image since divergence between expectation and experience can lead to dissatisfaction (Chen and Chen, 2010). In contemporary destination marketing, this issue has become increasingly important as a result of the rise in informal communication channels, including social networks (Jacobsen, 2011) and the use of different media (Mansson, 2008). Consequently, a destination marketing organization cannot easily control the flow of information. It is essential to monitor both the use of different information sources and the correlation of specific channels with the degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction experienced. This paper focuses on the effect of using different information sources when booking a cruise tour in Shiretoko Peninsula (Japan) by employing a multi- group structural model. After introducing the fieldwork setting and the descriptive statistics of the sample, regression results of the structural model are shown and significant differences in model parameters are discussed in light of the research question. 1. Characteristics of the visitors to Shiretoko Peninsula Shiretoko Peninsula is located in the northeast part of Hokkaido, Japan, and is enlisted by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since The Peninsula is a prominent example of a complex ecosystem with high biodiversity featuring land- marine continuity. It is also the lowest latitude in the northern hemisphere where drift ice appears. Very particular geological characteristics and a rich variety of wildlife can be observed here, including species such as killer whales, Steller s sea lions, Blakiston s fish owl, Steller s sea eagles, and white- tailed eagles. Two surveys conducted in 2011 and 2012 by the Ministry of Environment of Japan at the UNESCO World Natural Heritage site of Shiretoko Peninsula provided the sample for our research. The preparation of the questionnaire started in 2010, aiming to collect useful data for the basic tourism promotion strategy and addressed tourists boarding a boat or a sea kayak in Utoro District to participate in leisure activities on the sea. 25
3 Distribution of the questionnaire as a mail- back survey took place at the boat lump for three different types of tourist boats: one large- scale mass- tourism- type ship, seven small- scale pleasure boats and one sea kayak operator. In 2011, a total of 4857 questionnaires was distributed with a collection rate of 23.3%. In 2012, a further 2210 questionnaires were distributed, with a return rate of 24.5%. The final sample consists of 1703 cases, 1140 of which were collected in 2011 and 563 observations belonging to After analysing personal descriptive statistics separately for the two years, the cases were combined in order to be able to use a larger dataset for the multi- group analysis. The questionnaire collected three broad categories of variables: pre- trip information, information about the current trip taken, and post- trip information. Table 1 gives an overview of a number of sample characteristics. The group of respondents included a higher number of females (57.3%), with similar frequencies in both the 2011 and 2012 sample. About 10% of surveyed tourists were younger than 30, while, similarly, 10% were 70 years old and above, being indicative of a rather high mean age in the sample. However, since a study of Gokita (2012) among visitors to Shiretoko uncovered similar frequencies of higher age categories, the sample distribution might in fact resemble population frequencies. The vast majority of the respondents, 84.4%, arrived from other areas of Japan than the Hokkaido Prefecture, thus showing the extra- local attractiveness of the tourist site. Respondents mainly arrived as part of a family or group of friends, with fewer than one out of ten being individual travellers. Over 60% of the sample were first time visitors. When specifically asked about having participated in cruise tours from Utoro before, only 16.4% of respondents answered positively. The frequencies do not show large discrepancies between the 2011 and 2012 sample, giving some validation to the results found. Since Table 1 indicates that the majority of cruise participants had no prior experience, it is interesting to study the source of information used before deciding on the specific cruise package to take. Information found on the internet or in a guide book proved to be the main inspiration source (47.0%). Information from local sources such as hotels, tourist information centres or local shops in Shari town further inspired 13.4% of respondents. Little over one in ten (11.1%) based their decision on recommendations from friends or family. Finally, for about one third of the sample (33.2%) the primary reason for choosing a cruise plan was not based on an individual information search but on a package deal which included that specific cruise. Almost half of the surveyed visitors (49.4%) participated in a tour with a large boat, while a further 32.3% took part in a small boat tour. Sea kayaking was the least preferred option, with a share of 18.3%, possibly related to the rather high mean age of the respondents. The route undertaken most often passed Cape Shiretoko 50.1%, followed by Kamuiwakka Fall 21.7% and Rusha Bay 8.9%. Other routes (0.4%) were almost not mentioned by the respondents. Almost 20% of respondents gave no answer to the boat route question. This corresponds to the boat type chosen, since sea kayaks most often did not take a predefined route. 26
4 Table 1: Descriptive statistics of personal characteristics Gender: - Female - Male - No answer 2011 n=1140 Frequency 58.2% 39.1% 2.7% 2012 n=563 Frequency 55.6% 40.7% 3.7% n=1703 Frequency 57.3% 39.6% 3.1% Age: - < >59 - No answer 10.4% 16.8% 37.3% 33.3% 2.3% 9.9% 15.1% 35.9% 35.4% 3.7% 10.2% 16.2% 36.8% 34.0% 2.8% Origin: - From Hokkaido Prefecture - Not from Hokkaido Prefecture - No answer 13.9% 84.7% 1.3% 13.9% 83.8% 2.3% 13.9% 84.4% 1.6% Travel party: - Family or friends - Group - Individual - No answer 60.4% 30.6% 7.8% 1.1% 62.9% 27.2% 8.7% 1.2% 61.2% 29.5% 8.1% 1.2% Visited Shiretoko peninsula: - First time visitors - Repeat visitors - No answer 61.5% 36.7% 1.8% 60.6% 38.5% 0.9% 61.2% 37.3% 1.5% Participated in cruise before: - Yes - No, this is the first time - No answer 16.3% 79.6% 4.0% 16.7% 79.9% 3.4% 16.4% 79.7% 3.8% Next, Table 2 analyses an interesting relationship between the expectations with which tourists arrived on site and the satisfaction they have received on these elements after the visit. Three main categories were identified: expectations concerning the landscape, the wildlife, and the boat ride. Clearly, the landscape is the main motive for a visit (87.9%), followed by wildlife (65.5%). Only about one out of five respondents were motivated by the boating experience, thus closely resembling the frequency of sea kayak excursions. Ideally, the frequencies of categories between expectations and satisfaction should be in the same order of magnitude to indicate a favourable visitor expectation. While this is indeed the case for the landscape and boating experience, there seems to be a larger discrepancy in the wildlife category. After the trip, only 39.3% of the respondents indicated satisfaction with the wildlife encountered, while 27
5 65.5% had found encounters with wildlife to be a major motivation to visit. This might indicate that the satisfaction of visitors is easily affected by the coincidental natural setting on site. Looking more closely into the two main expectations, a number of specific elements can be identified. The landscape found most attractive pertains more to land- related objects Shiretoko Mountains and the edge of the peninsula and waterfall. This also appears true for the wildlife with bears by far the most popular (55.0%). Nonetheless, whale and dolphin spotting is important for one- fifth of the visitors. In both cases though, the after- trip experience seems to have suffered from the difficulty of actually being able to offer guaranteed spotting opportunities. While birdlife, on the other hand, scores somewhat lower as a main attraction, the expectations here are more closely matched. Table 2: Descriptive statistics of expectations and satisfaction (n=1703) Expectations (before trip) Frequency Satisfaction (after trip) Frequency Landscape - Shiretoko Mountains - Edge of peninsula/waterfall - Sea 87.9% 37.7% 67.7% 15.4% 84.9% 30.7% 67.4% 14.8% Wildlife - Bears - Whales/dolphins - Eagles/seabirds 65.5% 55.0% 20.3% 17.8% 39.3% 26.7% 9.9% 18.1% Boat 22.5% 19.1% As could be expected, one of the main elements of dissatisfaction was the fact that visitors could not see the things they had wanted to see during the trip (23.0%). The weather was also a significant factor of dissatisfaction, as were a number of other elements. Nonetheless, 95.7% of valid respondents would recommend the destination, while 95.1% indicated willingness to return. 2. Influence of information used on cruise satisfaction The motivational pattern of visitors, their satisfaction levels, and the (needed or provided) information offer a complex set of relationships. In order to test whether the source of information used had a significant impact on satisfaction with different elements of the cruise, a path model with group analyses is proposed. To this purpose, the sample is sub- divided into three groups: visitors who informed themselves via internet or a guidebook, tourists that used information from local sources (tourist information office, hotels or local shops in Shari town), and finally tourists that did not use either of both sources for information. This final group thus encompasses people who did not search for any information and visitors that were influenced by 28
6 recommendations of family and friends. Priority was given in the analysis to information sources that could be monitored and controlled by a tourist board, while the frequency distribution of the sample over the different boating categories was also important for model convergence. The structural equation modelling software AMOS 19.0 was used for this part of the analysis. While AMOS is ideally suited to constructing both a measurement and a structural model, the lack of latent variables in our model made it possible to immediately estimate the structural components. The path model shown in Figure 1 demonstrates adequate fit indices χ²/df = 1.207, CFI =.996, RMSEA =.011, χ²(62) = (p- value =.127) and led to the variable estimates shown in Tables 3 and 4.! Shiretoko$ LB,$Cape$ Fall$ LB,$Kamuiwakka$ Shiretoko$ SB,$Cape$ Fall$ SB,$Kamuiwakka$ SB,$Rusha$Bay$ Sat.$Shiretoko$ Mountains$ Sat.$Edge$of$ penins./waterfall$ Sat.$Sea$ Dissat.$Couldn t$ see$what$wanted$ Sat.$Bears$ Sat.$ Whales/dolphins$ Sat.$ Eagles/seabirds$ Sat.$Boat$ Figure 1: Estimated path model. χ²/df = 1.207, CFI =.996, RMSEA =.011, χ²(62) = (p- value =.127) Table 3 first gives an overview of the shared parameter estimates for which no significant group differences were found. 29
7 Table 3: Unstandardized ML estimates: Shared between all groups Estimates (se) Satisfaction landscape: Shiretoko Mountains.387 (.031)***.260 (.038)***.177 (.036)***.240 (.048)***.115 (.043)** Satisfaction landscape: Edge of peninsula/waterfall Satisfaction landscape: Sea Satisfaction: Boat/kayak Satisfaction wildlife: Bears Satisfaction wildlife: Whales/dolphins Satisfaction wildlife: Eagles/seabirds Dissatisfaction: Not seen what I wanted Note: * p- value<.05, ** p- value<.01, *** p- value< (.041)** (.038)*** (.052) (.025)* (.031)** (.029)*** (.035)*** (.026)*** (.030)*** (.030)*** (.041)*** (.036)*** (.024) (.028)**.642 (.028)***.119 (.039)**.682 (.034)***.090 (.022)***.081 (.026)**.138 (.025)*** (.031)** (.029)* (.036)*.070 (.033)*.321 (.044)***.026 (.040) 30
8 These results thus show the direct relationship between the different cruise types and routes and satisfaction with the wildlife and landscape elements. Five boat type- route combinations were identified: large boats to Cape Shiretoko, large boats to Kamuiwakka Fall, small boats to Cape Shiretoko, small boats to Kamuiwakka Fall, and small boats to Rusha Bay. Sea kayak as a sixth possibility was excluded since only k- 1 dummy categories can be identified for reasons of convergence. As such, the other boat and route types will be compared with the reference category sea kayak in the result section. Analysing the regression estimations of Table 3, it is noticeable that all boating types are positively correlated with satisfaction on seeing the Shiretoko Mountains. As was previously stated, these results need to be interpreted in comparison with the reference category of sea kayaks, this suggesting that comparatively larger sea vessels are more appropriate for people interested in seeing the Shiretoko Mountains. This also holds true for the difference between larger and smaller cruise ships, where larger ships outperform the smaller ones on this aspect. However, when we consider other landscape elements, sea kayaks generally seem to offer better experiences, leading to a higher rate of satisfaction with seeing waterfalls, the edge of the peninsula or having an experience at sea. Tourists also seemed to be less satisfied with the boating experience as such on larger ships than on smaller ships or sea kayaks. This result thus seems to suggest that visitors interested in a boating/kayaking experience would primarily choose a sea kayak. If visitors are interested in wildlife, specifically bears as was noticed in Table 2, the results seem to suggest that sea kayaks, large boats, as well as the Kamuiwakka Fall route, are less optimal choices. The Cape Shiretoko route seems best for visitors interested in spotting whales and dolphins, since there is a positive effect of these routes on the satisfaction with this wildlife category. Furthermore, large boats (for boat routes) increase satisfaction which is possibly related to the fact that these boats sail farther from the shore. Conversely, sea kayaks have a positively influence on eagle and seabird spotting, since this form of wildlife can be found closer to the shores. Finally, with the exception of the Rusha Bay route, both other routes with small boats have a higher chance of leading to dissatisfaction, because not all the pre- trip expectations about the sights to see were met. This seems especially true for the Kamuiwakka Fall route by small cruise ship. Table 4 presents the most important results regarding the research question of this paper: the difference in parameter estimates between groups of respondents as a result of their information search. As a first general conclusion, we can deduct that tourists that did not use the internet/guidebooks or local information generally outperform both other information sources. With regard to large cruises to Cape Shiretoko, prior information from internet or guidebooks significantly lowers satisfaction with both landscape elements (edge of peninsula/waterfall) and wildlife elements (eagles/seabirds) and results in a higher level of dissatisfaction because some aspects were not observed during the trip. While local information sources seem to provide for more accurate expectations concerning the landscape elements of the Cape Shiretoko trip, they further lower satisfaction with eagle and seabird spotting. 31
9 The opposite holds true for the Rusha Bay trip by small boat. Here local information significantly lowers the satisfaction from seeing the edge of the peninsula or waterfalls over and above internet and guidebooks. Again, uninformed tourists (or tourists informed by friends or relatives) are less likely to be dissatisfied, while the latter group is significantly more satisfied with the spotting of whales and dolphins too. Information via internet or guidebooks furthermore lowers satisfaction with the experience at sea for the Kamuiwakka Fall route by small boat. Local information on the other hand, has a negative effect on the satisfaction with seeing eagles and seabirds. Here too, visitors not informed through either of both information channels are more likely to be satisfied with seeing whales and dolphins on route. Lastly, visitors on large boats sailing to Kamuiwakka Fall are generally more dissatisfied with the view, when they had previously consulted internet or a guidebook. However, no information also leads to a slightly higher dissatisfaction on this route. Table 4: Unstandardized ML estimates: Group- specific Estimates (se) internet/ guidebook Satisfaction landscape: Edge of peninsula/waterfall (045)*** (.059)*** Estimates (se) Local info (.092) (.105)** Estimates (se) Neither of both (.044).014 (.082) Satisfaction landscape: Sea (.048)*** (.074).117 (.086) Satisfaction wildlife: Whales/dolphins (.043).065 (.039) (.062) (.063).146 (.070)*.129 (.050)** Satisfaction wildlife: Eagles/seabirds (.035)** (.051) (.072)* (.083)** (.031).053 (.080) Dissatisfaction: Not seen what I wanted.343 (.039)***.311 (.055)*** Note: * p- value<.05, ** p- value<.01, *** p- value< (.073)**.037 (.089).213 (.039)***.114 (.045)* Discussion A mismatch between the expectation created by the visitors based on the information about the site and the satisfaction they experience when visiting the place can potentially be a strong factor of dissatisfaction, with negative implications for the possible recommendations and loyalty. It is important to notice that the visitors to Shiretoko Peninsula are extremely loyal to the destination, with over 90% expressing an intention to return and/or recommend the destination. General levels of satisfaction are high, especially for the landscape elements of the trip, while the 32
10 destination offers further leisure possibilities such as hot springs, walking paths, the UNESCO World Heritage Centre (and on site visitor center) and different other destinations in the area. Nonetheless, it remains important to monitor potential negative impacts on these general satisfaction levels in order to remain able to provide a qualitative and attractive experience and maximize visitor loyalty. The differences in coefficient estimates between groups allows for some interesting conclusions regarding the quality of information provided on different routes. Information available on the internet and via guidebooks seems to negatively affect satisfaction on certain elements and routes. Specifically the large boat cruises to Cape Shiretoko and the small boat cruises to Kamuiwakka Fall are not optimally represented. Further research could ideally capture the specific websites and guidebooks used, after which additional action could be undertaken in order to improve representation of the cruises. Local information from tourist offices, hotels and local shops is less problematic, even though representation of landscape elements (views of the edge of the peninsula and waterfalls) is suboptimal for the Rusha Bay route, while information regarding the large boat cruises to Cape Shiretoko and small boat cruises to Kamuiwakka Fall might lead to unfulfilled expectations regarding the possibility for eagle and seabird spotting. It is advisable to inspect the messages and images used by the local contact points regarding these aspects and possibly alter them in order to create realistic expectations. Finally, when comparing the effect on the dissatisfaction measurement, local info does outperform the subsample of people who were not informed or informed by family and friends. Clearly, respondents that only checked online sources or were inspired by a guidebook, were more like to experience dissatisfaction. More transparent and realistic information about what can be enjoyed on each kind of boat trip can help to reduce the observed mismatch between the tourists expectations and the satisfaction they experienced contributing to better planning of the trip, and a greater effort to attract more young visitors, considering the high levels of satisfaction and loyalty achieved by those who experience the kayak trips, are the main management recommendations arising from this study. Nevertheless, it should also be noticed that the number of visitors should respect the need to preserve the ecological characteristics of this extraordinary site. 33
11 References Castro, C., Armario, E. and Ruiz, D. (200). The influence of market heterogeneity on the relationship between a destination s image and tourists future behavior. Tourism Management, 28, Chen, C. and Chen, F. (2010). Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists, Tourism Management, 31, Gokita (2012). Attitude survey on the visitors to national parks, Tourism Culture, 35, 5, Jacobsen, J. and Munar, A. (2012) Tourist information search and destination choice in a digital age, Tourism Management Perspectives, 1, Kozak, M. and Rimmington, M. (2000). Tourist satisfaction with Mallorca, Spain, as an off- season holiday destination, Journal of Travel Research, 38, 260. Mansson, M. (2008). Mediatized Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 38, 4, Romão, J., Neuts, B., Nijkamp, P. and Leeuwen, E.S. van (2014). Urban tourist complexes as multi- product companies: Market segmentation and product differentiation in Amsterdam, Tourism Economics, Forthcoming. 34
A TYPOLOGY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ATTRACTION VISITORS
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Tourism Travel and Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 2007 ttra International Conference A TYPOLOGY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
Tourist motives and activities as drivers of tourist satisfaction among men and women
Tourist motives and activities as drivers of tourist satisfaction among men and women Carl H. Marcussen, Centre for Regional and Tourism Research, Bornholm, Denmark, www.crt.dk Presented at the 24th Nordic
Adventure tourism in South Africa: Challenges and prospects
Adventure tourism in South Africa: Challenges and prospects Abstract There is great potential for the development of adventure tourism in Southern Africa for a number of reasons. One is the variety of
TABLE OF CONTENTS. TOURIST EXPENDITURE 31 Average Spend per Person per Night ( ) 31 Tourist Expenditure per Annum ( ) 32
FALKLAND ISLANDS International Tourism Statistics Report 2013 2 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 6 KEY FACTS AND FIGURES 7 INBOUND TOURISM (OVERNIGHT VISITORS) 8 TOURIST ARRIVALS 8 Tourist Arrivals
ARRIVAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PASSENGERS INTENDING TO USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ARRIVAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PASSENGERS INTENDING TO USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT Tiffany Lester, Darren Walton Opus International Consultants, Central Laboratories, Lower Hutt, New Zealand ABSTRACT A public transport
Juneau Household Waterfront Opinion Survey
Juneau Household Waterfront Opinion Survey Prepared for: City and Borough of Juneau Prepared by: April 13, 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary...1 Introduction and Methodology...6 Survey Results...7
If You Build It, They Will Come : Relationship between Attraction Features and Intention to Visit
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Tourism Travel and Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 2012 ttra International Conference If You Build It, They Will
Affiliation to Hotel Chains: Requirements towards Hotels in Bulgaria
Affiliation to Hotel Chains: Requirements towards Hotels in Bulgaria Maya Ivanova CEO, Zangador Ltd., Bulgaria International University College, Dobrich, Bulgaria Stanislav Ivanov International University
NEWCASTLE VISITOR PROFILE AND SATISFACTION REPORT. Summary of results OCTOBER Image: Newcastle Marina, courtesy of Newcastle Tourism
NEWCASTLE VISITOR PROFILE AND SATISFACTION REPORT Summary of results OCTOBER 2013 Image: Newcastle Marina, courtesy of Newcastle Tourism 3 NEWCASTLE VISITOR PROFILE AND SATISFACTION REPORT: SUMMARY OF
PREFERENCES FOR NIGERIAN DOMESTIC PASSENGER AIRLINE INDUSTRY: A CONJOINT ANALYSIS
PREFERENCES FOR NIGERIAN DOMESTIC PASSENGER AIRLINE INDUSTRY: A CONJOINT ANALYSIS Ayantoyinbo, Benedict Boye Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Transport Management Ladoke Akintola University
Testing whether eco certifications sell tourism services
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Business - Papers Faculty of Business 2014 Testing whether eco certifications sell tourism services Logi Karlsson University of Wollongong, lk976@uowmail.edu.au
RESIDENTS PERCEPTION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO COORG DISTRICT IN KARNATAKA
RESIDENTS PERCEPTION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO COORG DISTRICT IN KARNATAKA Mr. Sukhesh P H.O.D., Department of Commerce Govt., First Grade College, Karnataka State, India.
1.4 Previous research on New Zealand subantarctic tourism
Figure 5 The subantarctic islands are nature reserves protecting habitats of great conservation value, such as that of the Southern Royal albatross, seen here at the Auckland Islands. Tourist visits must
Survey into foreign visitors to Tallinn Target market: Cruise voyagers. TNS Emor March 2012
Survey into foreign visitors to Tallinn 2008 2011 Target market: Cruise voyagers TNS Emor March 2012 Table of contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Planning a trip to Tallinn 9 3 Visiting Tallinn and impressions
Prepared for: TOMM Committee Kangaroo Island CB Contact: Ben Nitschke, Account Manager Phone: (08)
Prepared for: TOMM Committee Kangaroo Island CB Contact: Ben Nitschke, Account Manager Phone: (08) 8373 3822 Email: ben.nitschke@colmarbrunton.com Issue Date: 24 August, 2017 Project number: TOMM0003 www.colmarbrunton.com
MEASURING ACCESSIBILITY TO PASSENGER FLIGHTS IN EUROPE: TOWARDS HARMONISED INDICATORS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL. Regional Focus.
Regional Focus A series of short papers on regional research and indicators produced by the Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy 01/2013 SEPTEMBER 2013 MEASURING ACCESSIBILITY TO PASSENGER
The Visitor Experience in Britain
The Visitor Experience in Britain Welcome, Expectations, Satisfaction & Recommendation Foresight issue 154 VisitBritain Research 1 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Summary 3. Britain s Welcome (CAA Passenger
International Journal of Innovative Research in Management Studies (IJIRMS) ISSN (Online): Volume 1 Issue 3 April 2016
A STUDY ON PILGRIMAGE TOURISM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIG TEMPLE, TANJORE S.Aarthi* *II Year MBA student, School of Management, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, South India. ABSTRACT The purpose of this
On the Choice of Tourism Destination versus Tourism Experience: Insights from an Analysis of Past Choice and Future Interest
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 2013 ttra International Conference On the Choice of Tourism Destination
SOME MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS THAT DETERMINE ROMANIAN PEOPLE TO CHOOSE CERTAIN TRAVEL PACKAGES
36 SOME MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS THAT DETERMINE ROMANIAN PEOPLE TO CHOOSE CERTAIN TRAVEL PACKAGES Author: Nicolescu Maria-Mădălina Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Faculty of Commerce nicolescumariamadalina@yahoo.com
National Passenger Survey Spring putting rail passengers first
National Passenger Survey putting rail passengers first What is Passenger Focus? Passenger Focus is the independent national rail consumer watchdog. Our mission is to get the best deal for Britain s rail
WHEN IS THE RIGHT TIME TO FLY? THE CASE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN LOW- COST AIRLINES
WHEN IS THE RIGHT TIME TO FLY? THE CASE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN LOW- COST AIRLINES Chun Meng Tang, Abhishek Bhati, Tjong Budisantoso, Derrick Lee James Cook University Australia, Singapore Campus ABSTRACT This
Empirical Studies on Strategic Alli Title Airline Industry.
Empirical Studies on Strategic Alli Title Airline Industry Author(s) JANGKRAJARNG, Varattaya Citation Issue 2011-10-31 Date Type Thesis or Dissertation Text Version publisher URL http://hdl.handle.net/10086/19405
Commerce Committee 2010/11 financial review of the New Zealand Tourism Board Additional written questions
Commerce Committee 2010/11 financial review of the New Zealand Tourism Board Additional written questions 103 114 Q103. What action has been taken or is planned to address the Auditor-General s recommended
Coffs Coast Visitor Profile and Satisfaction Report: Summary and Discussion of Results
Coffs Coast Visitor Profile and Satisfaction Report: Summary and Discussion of Results Introduction The Coffs Coast Visitor Profile and Satisfaction (VPS) project was completed as part of the Destination
Copyright 2017 Curacao Tourist Board
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 NOTE: Neural Network Analysis In order to find the most important explanatory variables, three supervised neural network analysis with multilayer perceptron were conducted
Byron Shire Visitor Profile and Satisfaction Report: Summary and Discussion of Results
Byron Shire Visitor Profile and Satisfaction Report: Summary and Discussion of Results Introduction The Byron Shire Visitor Profile and Satisfaction (VPS) project was completed as part of the Destination
Agritourism in Missouri: A Profile of Farms by Visitor Numbers
Agritourism in Missouri: A Profile of Farms by Visitor Numbers Presented to: Sarah Gehring Missouri Department of Agriculture Prepared by: Carla Barbieri, Ph.D. Christine Tew, MS candidate April 2010 University
WILDERNESS AS A PLACE: HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF THE WILDERNESS EXPERIENCE
WILDERNESS AS A PLACE: HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF THE WILDERNESS EXPERIENCE Chad P. Dawson State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, NY 13210 Abstract. Understanding
Impact of Landing Fee Policy on Airlines Service Decisions, Financial Performance and Airport Congestion
Wenbin Wei Impact of Landing Fee Policy on Airlines Service Decisions, Financial Performance and Airport Congestion Wenbin Wei Department of Aviation and Technology San Jose State University One Washington
CAMPER CHARACTERISTICS DIFFER AT PUBLIC AND COMMERCIAL CAMPGROUNDS IN NEW ENGLAND
CAMPER CHARACTERISTICS DIFFER AT PUBLIC AND COMMERCIAL CAMPGROUNDS IN NEW ENGLAND Ahact. Early findings from a 5-year panel survey of New England campers' changing leisure habits are reported. A significant
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution
Measuring Productivity for Car Booking Solutions
Measuring Productivity for Car Booking Solutions Value Creation Study Rebecca Bartlett 20th January 2014 Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction Method Productivity Analysis Scenario 1 Scenario
Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Visitors Summer 2008 Summary of Findings
Introduction Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Visitors Summer 2008 Summary of Findings Office of Policy & Analysis Smithsonian Institution July 2008 In June 2008, the Office of Policy and Analysis
The Relationship of Destination Image with the Principle of Sustainable Tourism: A Case of Alanya
The Relationship of Destination Image with the Principle of Sustainable Tourism: A Case of Alanya Unguren Engin1,Yetkin Murat1, Mut Mustafa2, Kuntbilek,Kerime3 1Akdeniz University, Alanya, Turkey, 2Alanya
HOW TO IMPROVE HIGH-FREQUENCY BUS SERVICE RELIABILITY THROUGH SCHEDULING
HOW TO IMPROVE HIGH-FREQUENCY BUS SERVICE RELIABILITY THROUGH SCHEDULING Ms. Grace Fattouche Abstract This paper outlines a scheduling process for improving high-frequency bus service reliability based
Prepared for: TOMM Committee Kangaroo Island CB Contact: Naomi Downer, Account Director Phone: (08)
Prepared for: TOMM Committee Kangaroo Island CB Contact: Naomi Downer, Account Director Phone: (08) 8373 3822 Email: naomi.downer@colmarbrunton.com Issue Date: 14 November, 2016 Project number: TOMM0002
TOURISM STATISTICS REPORT 2016 EAST REGION VISIT GREENLAND
TOURISM STATISTICS REPORT 2016 EAST REGION VISIT GREENLAND INTRODUCTION In Q1 of 2015 Visit Greenland made its first regional tourism report based on data on air passengers, overnight stays in accommodations
Satisfaction of Tourists Towards Mae Fa Luang Garden
Thai J. For. 26 : 31-39 (2007) 26: 31-39 (2550) ORIGINAL ARTICLE Satisfaction of Tourists Towards Mae Fa Luang Garden Krit Kantawan 1 Santi Suksard 1 Wuthipol Hoamuangkaew 1 1 Department of Forest Management,
Statistical Evaluation of Seasonal Effects to Income, Sales and Work- Ocupation of Farmers, the Apples Case in Prizren and Korça Regions
Abstract Statistical Evaluation of Seasonal Effects to Income, Sales and Work- Ocupation of Farmers, the Apples Case in Prizren and Korça Regions PhD. Eriona Deda Faculty of Economics and Agribusiness,
Recreationists on the Gifford Pinchot National Forest: A Survey of User Characteristics, Behaviors, and Attitudes
Recreationists on the Gifford Pinchot National Forest: A Survey of User Characteristics, Behaviors, and Attitudes by Alan R. Graefe The Pennsylvania State University Robert C. Burns University of Florida
2013 Travel Survey. for the States of Guernsey Commerce & Employment Department RESEARCH REPORT ON Q1 2013
213 Travel Survey for the States of Guernsey Commerce & Employment Department RESEARCH REPORT ON Q1 213 May 21st 213 Table of Contents Page No. Summary of Results 1 Survey Results 2 Breakdown of departing
Benefits and costs of tourism for remote communities
Benefits and costs of tourism for remote communities Case study for the Carpentaria Shire in north-west Queensland Chapter 2 1 THE CARPENTARIA SHIRE COMMUNITY AND TOURISM... 2 Plate 5: Matilda Highway
Quantitative Analysis of the Adapted Physical Education Employment Market in Higher Education
Quantitative Analysis of the Adapted Physical Education Employment Market in Higher Education by Jiabei Zhang, Western Michigan University Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the employment
An Assessment of the Activeness Factors of Tourists Visiting Southern Karnataka
Atna, J Tour Stud, 10, 2 (2015), 59-66 ISSN 0975-3281 doi:10.12727/ajts.14.5 An Assessment of the Activeness Factors of Tourists Visiting Southern Karnataka Neha Itty Jose Paul * Abstract This study is
2012 In-Market Research Report. Kootenay Rockies
2012 In-Market Research Report Kootenay Rockies Executive Summary This report summarizes key highlights for the Kootenay Rockies (KR) region taken from the British Columbia In-Market study conducted in
2015 Travel Survey. for the States of Guernsey Commerce & Employment Department RESEARCH REPORT ON Q1 2015
215 Travel Survey for the States of Guernsey Commerce & Employment Department RESEARCH REPORT ON Q1 215 April 28 th 215 Table of Contents Page No. Summary of Results 1 Survey Results 2 Breakdown of departing
Key words: hotel chain, entry mode, type of affiliation, franchise, management contract, Bulgaria
Hotel chains entry mode in Bulgaria Maya Ivanova Varna, Bulgaria, e-mail: maya.g.ivanova@gmail.com Stanislav Ivanov, PhD. Associate Professor and Vice Rector, International University College, Bulgaria;
Proof of Concept Study for a National Database of Air Passenger Survey Data
NATIONAL CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR AVIATION OPERATIONS RESEARCH University of California at Berkeley Development of a National Database of Air Passenger Survey Data Research Report Proof of Concept Study
THE IMAGE AND MARKET POTENTIAL OF SIBIU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. Market study
THE IMAGE AND MARKET POTENTIAL OF SIBIU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Market study 1 METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS The aim of the present study is twofold. Firstly, we aimed at contouring the image of the Sibiu International
City tourism: a successful product
City tourism: a successful product Observation and analytical units. Tourist Destination Management (area 16) Inmaculada Gallego Galán and Ana Moniche Bermejo Department of Statistics and Market Research.
Cruise Tourism: Impacts and Innovations ~ Role of CSER in Cruise Consumers CBDM ~ CTO CREST Symposium Grenada July 9 11, 2014
Cruise Tourism: Impacts and Innovations ~ Role of CSER in Cruise Consumers CBDM ~ CTO CREST Symposium Grenada July 9 11, 2014 Sheree-Ann Adams Southampton England UK based: Independent Consultant, Researcher
Definitions Committee on Tourism and Competitiveness (CTC)
Definitions Committee on Tourism and Competitiveness (CTC) Since its establishment in 2013 as a subsidiary organ of the Executive Council, the Committee on Tourism and Competitiveness (CTC) has focused
CHAPTER NINE: PERCEPTIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING PROCESS
CHAPTER NINE: PERCEPTIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING PROCESS 9.0 INTRODUCTION Few industries have such a pervasive impact on the local community as tourism. Therefore, it is considered essential to
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION INDEX OF SINGAPORE 2018 Q2 RESULTS OVERVIEW AIR TRANSPORT AND LAND TRANSPORT
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION INDEX OF SINGAPORE 2018 Q2 RESULTS OVERVIEW AIR TRANSPORT AND LAND TRANSPORT 2018 Q2 SCORES AIR TRANSPORT AND LAND TRANSPORT 75.4 Air Transport 78.0 Airport* 78.0 Changi Airport 74.5
Customer Satisfaction Tracking Annual Report British Columbia Ferry Services Inc.
Customer Satisfaction Tracking Annual Report 0 British Columbia Ferry Services Inc. Presented to: British Columbia Ferry Services Inc. Victoria, British Columbia 0 05 West Second Avenue Vancouver BC V6H
Methodology and coverage of the survey. Background
Methodology and coverage of the survey Background The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a large multi-purpose survey that collects information from passengers as they enter or leave the United Kingdom.
Customer Satisfaction Tracking Annual Report British Columbia Ferry Services Inc.
Customer Satisfaction Tracking Annual Report British Columbia Ferry Services Inc. Presented to: British Columbia Ferry Services Inc. Victoria, British Columbia 0 0 West Second Avenue Vancouver BC VH Y
Marketing Mix Affecting Accommodation Service Buying Decisions of Backpacker Tourist Traveling at Inner Rattanakosin Island in Bangkok, Thailand
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Economics and Finance 3 ( 2012 ) 276 283 Emerging Markets Queries in Finance and Business Marketing Mix Affecting Accommodation Service Buying Decisions
COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM DEVELOPMENT (A Case Study of Sikkim)
COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM DEVELOPMENT (A Case Study of Sikkim) SUMMARY BY RINZING LAMA UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSOR MANJULA CHAUDHARY DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM AND HOTEL MANAGEMENT KURUKSHETRA UNIVERSITY,
All About Ecotourism. Special thanks to Rosemary Black Charles Sturt University, Australia 1. Tourism largest business sector in the world economy
All About Ecotourism By: Ed Krumpe & Rosemary Black, Charles Sturt University, Australia Tourism largest business sector in the world economy Impact Directly Employs 98 million & Generates $2 trillion
Analysis of Mode Switching Behavior of PUP Main Campus Students to Pasig River Ferry Service
Analysis of Mode Switching Behavior of PUP Main Campus Students to Pasig River Ferry Service Vilma CLEMENTE John Ivan GUEVARRA Ryan Maynard MAZO Department of Civil Engineering Polytechnic University of
DOES DISTANCE MATTER? DIFFERENCES IN CHARACTERISTICS, BEHAVIORS, AND ATTITUDES OF VISITORS BASED ON TRAVEL DISTANCE
DOES DISTANCE MATTER? DIFFERENCES IN CHARACTERISTICS, BEHAVIORS, AND ATTITUDES OF VISITORS BASED ON TRAVEL DISTANCE Gyan P. Nyaupane Doctoral Candidate in Leisure Studies, School of Hotel, Restaurant,
Implications obtained through the survey regarding overseas travel by LCC in Japan
(Title) Implications obtained through the survey regarding overseas travel by LCC in Japan market Author: Supervisor: Shoji Nomura Graduate School of Economic Science, Saitama University e-mail: nomura.shoji@gmail.com
Blue-green consumption
Blue-green consumption Determinants for eco-labelled seafood purchasing in Sweden Jonell, M.*, Crona, B., Brown, K., Rönnbäck, P., Troell, M. Research questions & aims 1. Level of consumer knowledge?
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VISITING FRIENDS AND RELATIVES MARKETS IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: A LONGITUDINAL APPROACH
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Tourism Travel and Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 2007 ttra International Conference CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VISITING
National Passenger Survey Autumn putting rail passengers first
National Passenger Survey Autumn putting rail passengers first What is Passenger Focus? Passenger Focus is the independent national rail consumer watchdog. Our mission is to get the best deal for Britain
The Analysis and Countermeasures toward the Inbound Tourist Market of the Silk Road on Land
5th International Education, Economics, Social Science, Arts, Sports and Management Engineering Conference (IEESASM 2017) The Analysis and Countermeasures toward the Inbound Tourist Market of the Silk
An Analysis Of Characteristics Of U.S. Hotels Based On Upper And Lower Quartile Net Operating Income
An Analysis Of Characteristics Of U.S. Hotels Based On Upper And Lower Quartile Net Operating Income 2009 Thomson Reuters/West. Originally appeared in the Summer 2009 issue of Real Estate Finance Journal.
CEREDIGION VISITOR SURVEY 2011 TOTAL SAMPLE. November 2011
CEREDIGION VISITOR SURVEY 2011 TOTAL SAMPLE November 2011 TERMS OF CONTRACT Unless otherwise agreed, the findings of this study remain the copyright of Beaufort Research Ltd and may not be quoted, published
Simonida Vilić Tatjana Dujaković
Key issues on Tourism Destination Competitiveness Tourist experience as the basis for destination competitiveness: A case study of Ohrid Simonida Vilić Tatjana Dujaković University for Business Studies,
The Impact of Baggage Fees on Passenger Demand, Airfares, and Airline Operations in the US
The Impact of Baggage Fees on Passenger Demand, Airfares, and Airline Operations in the US Martin Dresner R H Smith School of Business University of Maryland The Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies
Irish Fair of Minnesota: 2017 Attendee Profile
TOURISM CENTER Irish Fair of Minnesota: 2017 Attendee Profile Authored by Xinyi Qian, Ph.D. Irish Fair of Minnesota: 2017 Attendee Profile November 13, 2017 Authored by Xinyi (Lisa) Qian, Ph.D., University
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
The business of the tourism and travel industry is essentially the renting out, for short-term lets, of other people s environments, whether that is a coastline, a city, a mountain range or a rainforest.
Cedar Rapids Area Convention and Visitors Bureau Visitor Study
Cedar Rapids Area Convention and Visitors Bureau Visitor Study 2003-2004 University of Northern Iowa Sustainable Tourism & The Environment Program www.uni.edu/step Project Directors: Sam Lankford, Ph.D.
2000 Mark Twain Birthplace State Historic Site Visitor Survey
Missouri Department of Natural Resources Division of State Parks 800-334-6946 2000 Mark Twain Birthplace State Historic Site Visitor Survey Project Completion Report Submitted to Missouri Department of
An analysis of trends in air travel behaviour using four related SP datasets collected between 2000 and 2005
An analysis of trends in air travel behaviour using four related SP datasets collected between 2000 and 2005 Stephane Hess Institute for Transport Studies University of Leeds Tel: +44 (0)113 34 36611 s.hess@its.leeds.ac.uk
Discriminate Analysis of Synthetic Vision System Equivalent Safety Metric 4 (SVS-ESM-4)
Discriminate Analysis of Synthetic Vision System Equivalent Safety Metric 4 (SVS-ESM-4) Cicely J. Daye Morgan State University Louis Glaab Aviation Safety and Security, SVS GA Discriminate Analysis of
An Econometric Study of Flight Delay Causes at O Hare International Airport Nathan Daniel Boettcher, Dr. Don Thompson*
An Econometric Study of Flight Delay Causes at O Hare International Airport Nathan Daniel Boettcher, Dr. Don Thompson* Abstract This study examined the relationship between sources of delay and the level
Tram Passenger Survey (TPS) All networks
Tram Passenger Survey (TPS) All networks Rosie Giles Tel: Email: Rosie.Giles@transportfocus.org.uk results March Insight Team, Transport Focus, Fleetbank House, - Salisbury Square, London, ECY JX Contents
Airport Monopoly and Regulation: Practice and Reform in China Jianwei Huang1, a
2nd International Conference on Economics, Management Engineering and Education Technology (ICEMEET 2016) Airport Monopoly and Regulation: Practice and Reform in China Jianwei Huang1, a 1 Shanghai University
Lord Howe Island Visitor Survey 2017
INTRODUCTION Lord Howe Island Visitor Survey 2017 Lord Howe Island is one of Australia s premier holiday destinations, part of a World Heritage-listed island group that is known for its outstanding natural
PUBLIC OPINION IN KOSOVO BASELINE SURVEY RESULTS NOVEMBER, 2010
PUBLIC OPINION IN KOSOVO BASELINE SURVEY RESULTS NOVEMBER, 2010 1 METHODOLOGY Quantitative research using face-to-face method within household Sample size n=1500 respondents age 18+ throughout Kosovo Stratified
Key Factors in Guests Perception of Hotel Atmosphere: A Case on Kakarvitta, Nepal
49 Key Factors in Guests Perception of Hotel Atmosphere: A Case on Kakarvitta, Nepal Aditi Mansur Mahmud North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Md. Wahidul Habib ASA University Bangladesh Mohammed Badar
Han Chun-xian. Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China. Wu Di-shu. Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, May-June 2016, Vol. 4, No. 3, 123-134 doi: 10.17265/2328-2169/2016.06.003 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Influence of Tourists on Stopover City: A Case Study of Burqin
Community Rail Partnership Action Plan The Bishop Line Survey of Rail Users and Non-Users August 2011 Report of Findings
Community Rail Partnership Action Plan The Bishop Line Survey of Rail Users and Non-Users August 2011 Report of Findings Analysis and report NWA Social Research 1 Contents Page No. A. Summary of Main Findings...
THEME D: MONITORING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ECOTOURISM: EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN ALL ACTORS
THEME D: MONITORING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ECOTOURISM: EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN ALL ACTORS WTO/UNEP Summary of Preparatory Conferences and Discussion Paper for the World Ecotourism Summit, prepared
E-tourism Usage Patterns of Tourism Business in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Paisarn Kanchanawong, Chodok Charungkon, Songsak Poonoi
Chinese Business Review, ISSN 1537-1506 February 2012, Vol. 11, No. 2, 193-198 D DAVID PUBLISHING E-tourism Usage Patterns of Tourism Business in Chiang Mai, Thailand Paisarn Kanchanawong, Chodok Charungkon,
National Passenger Survey Spring putting rail passengers first
National Passenger Survey Spring 2006 putting rail passengers first What is Passenger Focus? Passenger Focus is the independent national rail consumer watchdog. Our mission is to get the best deal for
RESEARCH AND PLANNING FORT STEELE HERITAGE TOWN VISITOR STUDY 2007 RESULTS. May 2008
RESEARCH AND PLANNING FORT STEELE HERITAGE TOWN VISITOR STUDY 2007 RESULTS May 2008 Research and Planning Tourism British Columbia 300-1803 Douglas St. Box 9830 Stn. Prov. Gov t. Victoria, BC V8W 9W5 Web:
Putting Museums on the Tourist Itinerary: Museums and Tour Operators in Partnership making the most out of Tourism
1 of 5 ICME papers 2002 Putting Museums on the Tourist Itinerary: Museums and Tour Operators in Partnership making the most out of Tourism By Clare Mateke Livingstone Museum, P O Box 60498, Livingstone,
Trail Use in the N.C. Museum of Art Park:
Trail Use in the N.C. Museum of Art Park: New Connections, New Visitors Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson, PhD Daniel Rodriguez, PhD Taylor Dennerlein, MSEE, MCRP, EIT Jill Mead, MPH Evan Comen University of
VISITOR SATISFACTION WITH THE CYPRIOT TOURIST PRODUCT
VISITOR SATISFACTION WITH THE CYPRIOT TOURIST PRODUCT Sofronis Clerides Christos Filippou Panos Pashardes Nicoletta Pashourtidou Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are of the authors and
American Airlines Next Top Model
Page 1 of 12 American Airlines Next Top Model Introduction Airlines employ several distinct strategies for the boarding and deboarding of airplanes in an attempt to minimize the time each plane spends
Consumer Travel Insights by STR
Consumer Travel Insights by STR Traveller Journey Overview Report 2019 STR, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Any reprint, use or republication of all or a part of this presentation without the prior written approval
Survey on the attitudes of Europeans towards tourism. Analytical report
Flash Eurobarometer 328 The Gallup Organization Flash Eurobarometer European Commission Survey on the attitudes of Europeans towards tourism Analytical report Wave 3 Fieldwork: February 2011 Publication:
2009/10 NWT Park User Satisfaction Survey Report
2009/10 NWT Park User Satisfaction Survey Report Industry, Tourism and Investment Government of the Northwest Territories Table of Contents Survey Methodology. 3 Survey Sample...3 Satisfaction with Services
Survey and analysis of resource of Beijing Niu Jie food culture
2017 International Conference on Financial Management, Education and Social Science (FMESS 2017) Survey and analysis of resource of Beijing Niu Jie food culture Zhao Qun1, 2, 3, a, Chen Zhongzhao1, b 1
2013 Business & Legislative Session Visitor Satisfaction Survey Results
2013 Business & Legislative Session Visitor Satisfaction Survey Results Completed by Juneau Economic Development Council in partnership with The Alaska Committee August 2013 JEDC research efforts are supported
Creating Content for Travellers.
+ Creating Content for Travellers. Comparison of travellers usage and needs for travel content & information with the beliefs of travel bloggers. Results of independent commissioned studies of travellers