- detour drawings with traffic directions; - staging schemes with traffic directions; - number of lifts of pavement courses;

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Ami Osborne
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1 B OPSS GENERAL Tender Items Pavement marking may be carried out by district forces under Services (sundry) or by the contractor. While in the past all pavement marking was strictly a maintenance operation, the present trend is towards including some or all of the work in the construction contracts. The designer will consult with the District Engineer, who will recommend either to make pavement marking a district responsibility, or to include the appropriate items in the contract. He may also recommend pavement marking materials when it is inappropriate to give the contractor the option indicated in the specification. In any case the responsibility for the actual marking scheme rests with the Regional Traffic Section. Based on policies in the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices of Ontario, the Traffic Section will provide the requirements for temporary and permanent pavement markings. To aid the Traffic Section, Regional Planning & Design Section will provide plan information such as: - partial pavement removal which may require temporary pavement marking; - detour drawings with traffic directions; - staging schemes with traffic directions; - number of lifts of pavement courses; - final pavement scheme; The Regional Traffic Section will indicate the pavement markings on these plans. Quantities are calculated either by the Traffic Section or Planning & Design Section depending on regional preference Item Symbols - Item 2., Durable - Item Symbols, Durable - Item 3., Temporary - Item September 2011 Page 1 of 6 B710

2 Symbols, Temporary - Item 4., Temporary, Removable - Item Symbols, Temporary, Removable - Item 5. Obliterating - Item The first item in each pair is for marking of lane lines, the second is for the marking of symbols, such as arrows. When no symbols are required, only the first item will appear in the contract. Selection of Tender Item Symbols These items are intended for permanent markings of 2-lane highways or 4-lane highways with low traffic volumes. Surface courses are usually HL 1, HL 3, HL 4, or Concrete. is also used for edge lines in conjunction with, Durable for lane lines. Marking materials for these items are traffic paints, organic solvent based or water based., Durable Symbols, Durable These items are intended for permanent marking of multi-lane highways with high traffic volumes. Surface courses are usually HL 1, HL 3, OFC, DFC or Concrete. Marking materials for these items are field reacted cold plastics, thermoplastics or preformed plastic tape., Temporary Symbols, Temporary These items are intended for temporary marking of temporary driving surfaces. Normally this would include detours, lane shifts and other traffic diversions. A marking scheme is required for temporary pavement marking. Temporary pavement markings do not require removal or obliteration because, normally, temporary driving surfaces are either covered over by subsequent paving lifts, or they may be removed (e.g. detours). September 2011 Page 2 of 6 B710

3 For temporary pavement marking the contractor may choose from all marking materials unless instructed otherwise in the contract. When designating a specific marking material, the appropriate materials for these items are traffic paints or temporary preformed plastic tapes. Simple resurfacing jobs do not require temporary pavement marking. In this case permanent marking items and associated short term pavement marking requirements of OPSS 710 apply, provided the exposure of the various temporary driving surfaces to traffic is within the time limits permitted by Table 1 in OPSS 710. Short term pavement markings are markings that are placed prior to the placement of permanent pavement markings, on a milled surface, levelling course, binder course or surface course pavement where existing lane widths, arrangements and alignments are maintained. Short term pavement markings are not quantified for payment purposes., Temporary - Removable Symbols, Temporary - Removable These items are intended for temporary marking of pavement surfaces which are temporarily used for interim traffic patterns, but will ultimately receive permanent markings for final traffic pattern. For these items the contractor may use only removable preformed plastic tape as marking material, which he has to remove after use unless instructed otherwise in the contract by special provision. Obliterating This item is usually required when an existing pavement marking pattern is changed without the need of any other work, such as milling or resurfacing before the change in traffic pattern. There is no Ministry policy regarding the method of obliterating. Obliterating has been accomplished by removal (grinding) or by painting over the markings with black paint. In the absence of a Ministry policy it is a regional (district) choice which method to specify. A special provision is required to direct the contractor which method to use Specifications The requirements for all pavement marking are contained in Ontario Provincial Standard Specification Special Provisions A special provision is required with the item " Obliterating". September 2011 Page 3 of 6 B710

4 710.2 COMPUTATION These are Plan Quantity Payment items. QUANTITY CALCULATIONS For Solid Lines: Station to station distance for each length of solid, 10 cm wide line. For 20 cm lines the length is doubled. Stop blocks are measured in 10 cm equivalents. For Broken Lines: Station to station distance for each length of broken line, divided by the sum of the length of the stripe plus gap, multiplied by the length of the stripe. e.g. for 3m - 6 m marking Q = ((D/(3+6)) x 3 = (D/9) x 3 = D/3 Individual quantity entries should be divisible by the length of the stripe. Line markings are calculated separately for solid lines, broken lines, white or yellow. Marking symbols (arrows etc.) are counted individually. Pavement marking obliterating quantities are distances in metres of actual lengths to be obliterated DOCUMENTATION Generally, traffic marking schemes prepared by Regional Traffic are required for any permanent pavement marking (paint or durable) and for temporary pavement marking, i.e. detours, traffic shifts and diversions. The marking schemes will become part of the contract drawings or alternatively, they may be given to construction to be handed to the successful bidder. In either case, the scheme must show station to station and location of: Type of Marking Colour Width Solid Line White 10 cm 20 cm September 2011 Page 4 of 6 B710

5 Yellow 10 cm Broken Line White 10 cm Symbols (Arrows, Letters, Numbers) Yellow 20 cm 10 cm White - Each line marking item may require one or more columns on the Quantity Sheet (Quantities - Miscellaneous I or II). In these columns different types of lines, solid, broken, white or yellow are documented separately, totalled and combined into one tender item. Each marking symbol item requires a separate column on the quantity sheet. The columns are totalled to arrive at the Tender Total. Tender Totals are transferred to the tender documentation. When the contractor is not given the option of choosing the marking materials, as allowed by the specification, the designer must indicate the specific material in the headings of the quantity sheet. The recommendation for a specific marking material must come from the district after consultation with the Maintenance Operations Office. Documentation for the item " Obliterating" is similar to the documentation for other pavement marking items. Solid lines, broken lines, stop blocks, etc., are detailed in separate columns. The separate columns are combined into one tender item total and transferred to the tender document Documentation Accuracy Tender Totals are given in whole numbers, stations are recorded in whole number metres. September 2011 Page 5 of 6 B710

6 Marking Material - Selection Guide Tender Item (2-lane, 4-lane, sideroads) All Edge Lines Traffic Volume AADT Per Lane Traffic Paint Organic Solvent Based Water Based Temp. Preformed Plastic, Pavement Marking Tape Removable Field Reacted Durable Pavement * Marking Material Non- Removable Thermo- Plastic ** Preformed Plastic Tape < 5000 X X > 5000 X X - - X X X multilane, hot mix or concrete Symbols (stop blocks, arrows, letters) - Durable (multi-lane, hot mix or concrete) Symbols - Durable - Temporary (detours, lane shifts) Symbols - Temporary Temporary - Removable < 5000 X X - - X X X - X X - - X X X < X X X > X X X X X X < 5000 X X X X > 5000 X X X X X X X X X Symbols, Temporary - Removable X * Durable Pavement marking materials are not recommended without illumination. ** Thermo plastics are not recommended on concrete pavements or on asphalt pavements older than one year. September 2011 Page 6 of 6 B710

532 - PAVEMENT MARKING - OPSS 532

532 - PAVEMENT MARKING - OPSS 532 532 - - OPSS 532 532.1 GENERAL 532.1.1 Tender Items may be carried out by district forces under Services (sundry) or by the contractor. While in the past all pavement marking was strictly a maintenance